Taiyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital: Chinese medicinal materials in the kitchen -sesame (black sesame)

"Village City"

(Song) Song Boren

The mountains and windy winds are raining, and the stream of water baths are sand.

Xiaoqiao Tonggu Temple, sparse Liu Na residual crow.

Sold the wine, spin tea.

May the people look like the old and insert peach blossoms.

Sesame

Sesame is one of the oldest planting crops and is the earliest oil crop used by humans. Discovered charcoal sesame seeds in Pakistan, the ancient site, was a civilized Indian river basin about 5,000 years ago. Sesame seeds are generally used in Hindu religious rituals.

In ancient times, Babylon and Assyria (now Iraq and Syria), sesame is a kind of oil crop that has attracted much attention. It has been widely used in medicine and used to cook and prepare wine or white orchids. According to historians: Thousands of years ago, Sesame brought from the Sunda Islands to India. From India to Egypt, China, Japan, Africa, South America, Central America and Mexico.

With the improvement of people's living standards and the gradual understanding of their nutritional value, sesame and its products are becoming more and more popular, the range and area of ​​planting are gradually expanding, and the variety of sesame is becoming more and more optimized. The main producing country of Sesame is China, India, Myanmar, and Sudan, followed by Nigeria, Egypt, Turkey, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Thailand, Tanzania, Uganda, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and other countries. The second to India, and the production is higher than India, my country's sesame planting area accounts for 15%of the world's planting area, accounting for 23%of the world's total output, and the world's largest sesame exporter, accounting for one -third of the international market transaction volume. The main sesame area of ​​my country is Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Northeast, Shandong and other regions.

Black sesame, dry and mature seeds of fatty and hemp plant. When the fruit is mature in autumn, the plants are mixed, dried, seeds to remove seeds, remove impurities, and then dry.

[Properties] This product is shaped like black sesame seeds, with slightly drumming, and some can be seen in burst and oily aroma.

[Sexual flavor and returns] Gan, Ping. Gui liver, kidney, and large intestine.

[Function and Indications] Nourishing liver and kidney, nourishing essence of blood, moisturizing the intestines. It is used for sperm and blood deficiency, dizziness, tinnitus and deafness, early white, hair loss after illness, and having intestinal dryness.

Category of Sesame

① Classification according to sesame color

a. White sesame: mainly used for cakes and other foods;

b. Yellow and white sesame: mainly used for oil squeezing, sesame sauce

c. Black sesame: Mainly as cakes and medicinal

d. Miscellaneous sesame: mainly used for oil squeezing

② Classification according to the number of sesame seedlings

It can be divided into four -edge, hexagonal, eight -edge and polyaric sesame seeds.

③ Classification according to sesame fertility period

The length of the sesame fertility period can be divided into

⊙ Early cooked species (80-90 days)

⊙ ⊙ ⊙ (90 ~ 100 days)

⊙Ingate species (100 ~ 120 days)

④ Divided into two types according to the classification of sesame branch habits

A. Single type: Usually no branches, and the interval is short. Each section has 2 to 3 crickets. The stem poles are hard, generally mature and later, which is suitable for dense planting.

B. Branching type: It has branches and has a long interview. Most of each section has a fruit. Generally, it is mature earlier. Planting should not be too dense.

Sesame oil

Prior to the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, there was no "oil". The oil or ointment that people eat, whether it is lipid or cream, is the oil of animal fat. The reason why sesame is called "fat hemp" is the ancients who believe that this is a kind of oil that can be produced. At least during the period of the three countries of the Three Kingdoms, the Northern and Southern Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, people have begun to refine with sesame, which is the saying goes. At the same time, people no longer call oil as ointment, but start to use the ocean oil. 》 Records: Speaking of hemp cream, sesame oil, and cream oil for each other. We can see that here are very clear, there are those called hemp cream, some are called sesame oil, and the ointment oil is used to use each other.

Black Sesame and White Sesame

① White sesame contains protein, dietary fiber, sugar, and vitamin A, vitamin E, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, fatty acid, lecithin, linoleic acid and other substances. Black sesame seeds not only contain the above substances, but also the content of some nutrients is higher than white sesame seeds.

② The vitamin E content of the two is very high, the black sesame is 50 mg%, and the white sesame is 38 mg%. Vitamin E has antioxidant effects. Black sesame is more advantageous than white sesame to remove free radicals and delay aging. Black sesame contains material yolk, choline, and muscle sugar that prevent the body's fat, so it will not gain weight when eating more.

③ Frequent black sesame can not only prevent early white hair, but also make the hair black. Black sesame seeds are usually used for medicinal. Although white sesame particles are small, the oil content is higher than black sesame seeds. White sesame seeds are usually used to squeeze oil or make cakes.

④ Sesame is a high -dietary fiber food. The black sesame content is 28%and white sesame is 20%. Therefore, black sesame is better than the intestinal laxative of white sesame seeds.

⑤ In terms of potassium sodium ratio, black sesame is 43: 1, and white sesame is 8: 1. Therefore, eating black sesame is more beneficial to prevent or alleviate hypertension.

The efficacy and role of black sesame seeds

1. Calcium supplementation

Although there are many calcium supplements on the market, the best way to supplement calcium should be food supplement. According to studies, the calcium content in black sesame is as high as 80%. Therefore, black sesame is a "non -discounted" calcium supplement.

2. Anti -pressure effect

High -salt diet is one of the important reasons for high blood pressure. The salt intake per day of the human body cannot exceed 6g, but for people with heavy taste, 6g of salt is far from meeting their dietary needs. At this time, you can only reduce the risk of hypertension by excluding sodium. The content of potassium in black sesame is very high, but the sodium is very small. Eating more black sesame can help discharge excess sodium in the body, which is conducive to maintaining blood pressure and heart health. 3. Wufa effect

Studies have proved that melanin reduction is an important cause of white hair. Black sesame is not only rich in melanin, but also black sesame water liquid can promote tyrosinase expression, increase melanin synthesis, eat black sesame or black sesame seeds for a long time Bad can make white hair black.

4. Beauty effect

Black sesame contains a lot of beauty with beauty, such as vitamin E, unsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid, which can be described as natural cosmetic products.

Sesame food

① black sesame paste

30g of glutinous rice, 130g of black sesame seeds, drinking water, right amount of rock sugar

Production process:

<1> Wash the black sesame and glutinous rice.

<2> Put the black sesame and glutinous rice in a wall -breaking cooking machine, add water to 1000ml of water level line of the glass, put it in an appropriate amount of rock sugar, and select the rice paste function.

② Black sesame and red jujube porridge

Material:

150 grams of rice, 20 grams of black sesame powder, 25 grams of jujube (dried), 30 grams of white sugar.

practice:

<1 ＞ Add about 1500 ml of cold water to the pot, add rice and red dates, boil it with prosperity, then boil it with low heat, and wait for the rice porridge to be cooked;

<2> Incorporate black sesame powder and sugar, and cook for a while, you can eat it.

Efficacy: beneficial liver and kidney, nourishing blood and moisturizing, which can improve human immune function

③ Black Sesame Catfish Soup

Preparation materials: catfish, red dates, black sesame, ginger, salt

Production process:

<1> Wastefish remove the internal organs and cheek, dry the water, and put three slices of ginger in the fish belly; fry it to golden on both sides.

<2> Wash the black sesame, drain the water for spare, and go to the red dates for use.

<3> Put water in the soup pot and boil, then put the fried catfish, sesame and red dates in the high heat and boil, then turn to low heat for about half an hour, and finally add salt to eat.

④ Mulberry black sesame paste

Material: 500 grams of black sesame seeds, 500 grams of mulberry leaves

Method: Mix the black sesame and mulberry leaves together, use a fruit juice or food conditioner to make fine powder, and then eat it.

Eating method: Three times a day, 10 grams each time, and eat with a spoon.

Efficacy: Ping liver yang, clear liver and bright eyes

⑤ Other eating methods

<1> Anti -voltage: walnut black sesame paste

Take 50 grams of black sesame seeds, 50 grams of walnut kernels, and 10 grams of white sugar for later use.

⊙ Dry the black sesame seeds first, fry, and study with walnut kernels as finer, add sugar, mix well, and put it in a glass bottle for later use.

⊙The twice a day, 25 grams each time. Use warm water to adjust with warm water.

<2> Calcium supplementation:

It is best to eat some black sesame seeds every meal, and you can eat a little when you have time. Many elderly people have the symptoms of rheumatism and joint pain for many years. At this time, eating black sesame can effectively relieve it.

<3> Holestellotrophic: black sesame mulberry paste

⊙ Take 60 grams of black sesame seeds, 60 grams of mulberry, 10 grams of sugar, 30 grams of rice.

After washing separately, put it in the jar and smash. Put three bowls of water in the casserole, add sugar after boiling, wait for the sugar to melt and boil the water, add the smashed three flavors, and cook it into a paste.

<4> Relieve tinnitus

Stewed stew, add some black sesame seeds,

Some elderly people will have the problem of tinnitus, and they can eat more black sesame to assist in conditioning. For example, when stewed the meat, dry the black sesame seeds alone and shattered. Patients with tinnitus can often drink, which is good for alleviating tinnitus.

<5> Relieve cold: rice wine is rushing to black sesame seeds

When the wind is cold, you can take the black sesame seeds and fry 50g, and make the heat. Rice wine is rushed, covered, and sweaty. Generally, take 2 to 3 times to see the effect. It is especially suitable for cold flowing nose and general disorder.

How to choose sesame seeds

① Look at impurities

Grasp a sesame seeds with a hand, let it go naturally to slowly slide it, and take a look at the mud, shattered grains, and the tip of the flower in your hand; or insert the bottom layer of the packaging with your hand, catch a small amount of sesame, and use sowing seeds to browse seeds. The method can also see how much the soil contains.

⊙Lite-quality sesame-the seeds are large and full, thin skin, small mouth and small, seeds are white, and general impurities do not exceed 2.0%.

⊙ Second-quality sesame-the grains are not full or atrophied, and there are many grains, the mouth is too long, there are insect erosion, damaged particles, soil sand and other impurities exceeding 2.0%.

⊙Stile sesame-moldy or corrupt seeds more grains

② Identification of moisture content

The current standard of sesame water content is not more than 8%. Grab a lot of sesame seeds by hand, hold it hard, so that most of the grains are erupted from the cracks of the hand, and the parts stay in the hand. , Explain that water is not large. Or use the thumb and index finger to rub the sesame seeds and rub it. There is no sound but not broken, and the moisture does not exceed the standard. Pick up a handful of sesame seeds with your hands. When you let go, you can see a piece of ball, and the water exceeds the standard. Dry sesame hands are easy to insert, and the high water is not easy to insert. After inserting, the hand feels fever. In addition, you can also pour sesame seeds into another container. If the sound of "嚓" is made, it means that the water is not loud; the sound of the sound is stuffy, the water is loud.

⊙ Good quality sesame-water does not exceed 8%. Second-quality sesame-water exceeds 8%.

③ Smelling identification

You can take sesame seeds and smell directly

⊙Lite-quality sesame-have a pure aroma inherent in sesame.

⊙Serieve sesame-the smell of sesame is light.

⊙ Bad quality sesame-mildew and Hara flavor.

Taboo for black sesame food

1. Those with poor digestion

Black sesame is rich in oil and can be made into black sesame oil. The taste is also more fragrant, and the black sesame also contains protein, which is not suitable for people with poor digestion. It is easy to cause abdominal distension and diarrhea in the stomach.

2. Kidney Stone crowd

Natural antimquestic acid in black sesame is easy to combine with calcium in the body to form oxalic acid salt. It accumulates in the body or in the kidneys, which will easily form stones, which will increase the condition of stones. It's right.

3. Those with bad stomachs

There are many cases of people with poor stomach and intestines. The most common is chronic gastroenteritis. Such people are prone to diarrhea. If you eat black sesame with oil and fat, you will increase diarrhea. Therefore, such people will Also endure.

Source: Taiyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital

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