Taiyuan Literature Temple.

Taiyuan City May Road is located in a bustling city center, with a flow of traffic and people coming and going. In the Wenmiao Lane of Wuyi Road, a red wall and a brilliant building -Taiyuan Wenmiao was quiet, as if beyond the earth.

Like all the literary temples across the country, Taiyuan Temple is a place to worship Confucius. Although it is located in the center of the city, the entire Wen Temple is solemn and quiet, showing the legend and charm of ancient construction in Shanxi. Here have been held many "ceremonies" to make useful explorations for Confucianism's innovation and modern dissemination.

Nowadays, under the call of the new mission in the new era, the Taiyuan Temple has carried the hopes of Shanxi archeologists. By telling the story behind the cultural relics, it shows the historical civilization of Shanxi and stretched the Chinese civilization scroll.

Constructed in strict accordance with the Confucian Temple Construction

Taiyuan Wenmiao is south to south, covering an area of ​​more than 31,000 square meters, and a construction area of ​​more than 8,000 square meters. The building shape is strictly constructed in accordance with the construction of the Confucian Temple. The overall building is symmetrically symmetrical on the left and right along the axis.

The Taiyuan Wenmiao Temple forms a central axis with five main buildings. These five buildings are shadow walls, Xingmenmen, Dachengmen, Dacheng Hall, and Chongsheng Temple from south to north. Temples, gallery, etc.

At the time of the construction of the Taiyuan Temple, in order to create a solemn atmosphere, a large number of trees such as cypress and locusts were planted. It is still well preserved, and the scene of pine and cypress. According to statistics, a total of 161 ancient trees were planted in Taiyuan Literature Temple, including 62 cypress trees.

In general, the main building of the Taiyuan Wenmiao Temple is well -preserved, the layout is built in accordance with the system, and the space is reasonable, reflecting the beauty of ancient Chinese buildings.

The unique elements of the iconic building of the Wanlong Palace Wall

There is a circle of red palace walls on the periphery of the Taiyuan Wenmiao Temple. The south side is connected to the shadow wall, which separates the entire building from other buildings to form two worlds in the inside and outside. The southernmost point of the Red Palace Wall is known as the "Wanzhu Palace Wall" in the system of the Temple of Wenmiao.

The Wanlong Palace wall of Taiyuan Wenmiao is 20 meters long and 5 meters high. The main material is brick, and the inside and outside are eye -catching red coatings. The two palace walls and walls are combined with one, which has the same separation effect as the shadow wall, but it has a unique and profound cultural meaning. "Wanzhuang Palace Wall" comes from "The Analects of Confucius · Zi Zhang", and Zigong said: "For example, the palace wall, the wall of the gift is also the shoulder, and the family is good. Enter, do not see the beauty of the ancestral temple, the richness of the hundred officials, the door of the door or widow. In the future, I think that the number is not high enough, so I use Wanzhu as a metaphor, which can explain the high moral knowledge of Confucius to express their respect for Confucius.

From the perspective of the formation of the Temple of Wenzhu, the east and west sides of the Wanzhu Palace wall are two doors, known as the "sanctuary" or "Ritual Ritual Road". When entering and leaving the Temple, you must enter and exit from the sanctuary of the sanctuary or Limen in both sides of the palace wall. The Taiyuan Wenmiao is still preserved in the old system. You can see the two gates of Xianguan Shengyu and Limen Yi Road.

Key Wenbao Torii Zotang Gate is dazzling

The Taiyuan Literature Temple is one of the larger and well preserved cultural temples in the province. In 2013, he was selected as a list of national key cultural relics protection units in 2013. The archway, the wall, and the gate in the temple are quite distinctive.

At the entrance of the Wenmiao Temple, you can see that there are 3 four -pillar -style wooden archway outside the wall. The archway was originally located at the southernmost point of the Temple of Wenzhu. In the 1980s, the construction of municipal planning was moved to the west side. The intermediate square title is the word "literary temple" of the blue -bottomed golden script. The top of the workshop is drawn in gold and painted double dragon drama beads. Among the same national temple archway in the country, there are similar patterns on the Beijing Guozi Supervisor.

Zhantan is a blue brick and blue tile hard mountain style with a wall length of 22.3 meters, a height of about 11 meters, and 1.6 meters thick. In the middle of the inlaid with yellow, blue -green three -color glazed glazed veneer, it is painted with flowing clouds and sea water. Two Dragon drama bead pattern.

Relative to Zhaobi is the gate of the Wenmiao Gate -棂 棂 与. The Xingxing Gate was built on the high platform, and it was tied by three two columns and two pillars. The two pillars in the middle of the Xingxing Gate in the middle were high in the sky. Sitting towards the sky. Both sides of the blue background under the door eaves are written with the words "棂 棂". There are 4 green glazed dragons on the wall between the three stars, and the glorious is dazzling.

Entering the Xingmen Gate, I came to the front yard of the Wenmiao Temple. There were half a moon -shaped pool in the courtyard, called "泮 pond". Under the leadership of local officials, the new students who enrolled in the past must cross the pool, cross the Dacheng Gate to enter the Dacheng Hall to worship Confucius, and then meet the instructors at the Confucian Department. This ritual is called "entering" or " "You", that is, enter the gate of Kong Xue.

Core architecture Moon platform glazed tiles higher

The main buildings of Taiyuan Wenmiao have their own characteristics and charm. Among them, the most representative core building is the Dacheng Hall of the Second Academy.

The Dacheng Hall was built on the large platform, highlighting the solemn sense of the hall. The platform is south of the platform. There is a Dan Dan stone engraved with Panlong. There are exquisite heads around the carved at the bottom of the platform. The railing of the platform uses twenty -four seasons to look at the stigma. Twenty -four verses of the stigma are typical of Chinese official buildings. They are mostly used in important buildings such as the Royal Palace and Temple. There are twenty -four patterns on the flames of the lotus -covered flame -type, symbolizing twenty -four solar terms. From the perspective of the overall architectural shape, the platform of the hall is higher. The roof is covered with blue glazed tiles with yellow glazed tiles on the ride. These decorations can not only prevent leakage of rainwater at the part of the roller, but also enrich the roof shape.

In addition, in order to expand the space inside the hall, Dacheng Hall adopted a pillar reduction creation method. The columns and the doorbar are vermilion, and the eju is painted with a blue background.

Cultural relics strong province upgrade museum practice new mission

On April 10, 2020, the Shanxi Provincial Institute (Shanxi Archeology Museum) was established at Dacheng Temple Square in Taiyuan Wenmiao Temple. Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archeology (Shanxi Archeology Museum) is responsible for the archeological survey, exploration, excavation, protection and research of underground cultural relics in Shanxi Province, undertake key topics such as the five thousand years of civilization empirical evidence, the Yellow River culture, the "Belt and Road" archeology, etc. Responsible for the collection, protection, research, display and utilization of archeological relics.

After the upgrade, the Shanxi Provincial Institute (Shanxi Archeology Museum) can be interpreted from archeological excavation to research, and then to exhibition and mission to form a complete chain and build two functions of Shanxi characteristics, academic uniforms, archeology and museums. Run mode.

During the Spring Festival in 2022, in order to create a lively atmosphere of the New Year of the Tiger and present the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation and the deep humanistic heritage, the Shanxi Archaeological Museum has carried out a number of educational activities for the Spring Festival of the Year of the Tiger. Spring Festival. This year's International Museum Day, based on the positioning and development direction of its own functions, it carried out a series of activities such as social teaching and research, science and technology archeological live broadcasts, exhibition exhibitions and lectures. Essence Various forms of activities make it a "grounded" archeological museum, which also allows the mysterious cultural relics to "live". (Reporter Lu Ya)

Source: Shanxi Youth Daily

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