Human migration in the history of Daxinganling

Because of the longing for a better life and the necessary supply of production materials, human beings often do not always live in one place, but must migrate necessary. From the fish and hunting tribe of the primitive society to the gold tide of the world, and then to the forestry production and construction of New China, the migration of the people of the Daxinganling people has never stopped. It is precisely the little -known migration process in this paragraph, which has changed the Daxingan Ridge and even the history of Shenzhou.

The survival needs of prehistoric human beings are south to north on the grounds of migration methods

Through the research on human genome, the origin of modern people's Africa has almost become a global consensus. This doctrine believes that about 1.7 million years ago, the ancestor of the human ancestors came to Asia with a good external environment, and then evolved into a modern "Homo sapiener" in 15,000 years. Lest the Strait and finally board the American continent. Daxing Aneling was known as "Daxai Heshan" in the ancient times, which happened to be an important channel connecting northeast Asia, Northwest and Siberia. The ancient human beings of Daxing'an Mountains migrated and reproduced, and it also began.

Zhang Bibo, a researcher at the Heilongjiang Academy of Social Sciences, proposed that about 20,000 years ago, one or several of the ancient hunting peoples in Heilongjiang area from the Northeast Asian hinterland via the Bailing Strait to the North American continent. Ancient ancestors -the northern primitive nation living with large beasts such as hunting mammoths and hairy rhinos. They completed the migration of human cross -continental migration across 12 million square kilometers in the Greater Xing'an Ridge. According to the "Book of Daxing'an Ridge History" (2001 edition) records: In 1981, in the Laotou and Eu Mill River in Mohe Township, Mohe County, I found the stone and cultural sites of the Paleolithic Age 30000 a few years ago; The Eighteenth Station Forestry Bureau discovered the cultural site of the late Paleolithic period 13,000 years ago; in 1978, at the Yuanjiang Bay Farm, Homa County, it was discovered by the late -time cultural sites of Paleolithic Stone 10,000 years ago. The scraping device, clamping device, carvings, stone leaves, stone clusters, stone clusters, stone rings, pottery pieces, boneware, etc. in the ancient sites have fully proved that there is a high degree of prehistoric civilization during the Daxinganling period. The method of migration is to migrate from south to north that follows the prey. The production and lifestyle is mainly based on collection, hunting and fishing. At that time, the productivity had developed greatly, and the fishing and hunting economy dominated.

The development needs of Kaijiang to expand, and the migration method is the north to south

Entering the Neolithic era, agriculture promoted social development. Some tribes began to migrate to areas centered on the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, and tribal residents have transformed from fishing and hunting economy to agricultural production, thereby continuously meeting the demand for the rapidly growing population and food contradictions. During this period, the migration activities of human beings from north to south were represented by Tuoba Xianbei from north to south.

Before the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period (1055 BC to 1021 BC), when the princes of the Qishan Conference were at the Qishan Conference, the Lord of the Fire League who was sacrificed to the gods was formal representative. The northern forest in the Daxinganling Ridge has worked hard and developed rapidly. By the time of Tuoba's ancestor, Emperor Mao (about the late 2nd century to the beginning of the 1st century), it was pushed by "Far and near, Tonguo 36, and Ninety -ninth Surnames". The contradictions are increasingly prominent. Tuoba Xianbei went south as he moved to the west of the Xiongnu in 81 AD, walked out of the Daxinganling and established a regime in 156 AD. It is a migration from north to south. The tomb group discovered by Hulunbuir was the remains left in the first migration of Tuoba Xianbei to the south, indicating that Tuoba Xianbei was in the end of the tribal alliance in the end of the primitive society at the end of the primitive society of "animal husbandry migration, shooting hunting". With the rapid development of Tuoba Xianbei, the main reason is to build the capital city around Dazhen Lake. In addition, the tribal leaders plunder wealth and expand forces are limited. Gradually approached the Central Plains culture. Tuoba Xianbei began to migrate south after 220 AD. It mainly moved from Beibei to Hexi, that is, the northeast region of Toto County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region today. After the establishment of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Northern Wei Dynasty was collectively referred to as the fourth southward relocation. The hustle and bustle of Daxing Anling has since returned to tranquility, and the small number of ethnic minorities lived here.

Crazy temptation gold demand, migration method is interweaving north and south

In 1877, an old man in Olechun dug a horse and dug some gold blocks in unintentionally. The news of "Mohe's Gold" was spreading, and it quickly spread all over Heilongjiang coast and Siberia's post -Berkal area. A large number of Russian Cossack took a boat to Mohe before the end of autumn and early winter. In just a few months, "the Russian convened 4,000 Sino -Russian people in Mohe Mountain, more than 700 houses work in major events, and more than 500 kiln" (Xu Zongliang "Heilongjiang Volume 4"). By early 1885, the population of Mohe had a population of more than 10,000 people, among which Russians were mostly, and they were Chinese. Under the support and encouragement of the Tsarist government, these illegal gold mines soon formed a self -control regime of illegal mining areas composed of different countries and different races here. The country of the country is known as the "Erga Republic" in history. The illegal tumor on the territory of China was completely eliminated by the Qing government after the force banned by force in early 1886. In October 1888, the Qing government appointed Jilin alternate prefecture, Li Jinzheng, founded the first official gold mine in China -Mohe Gold Factory, which was the rouge ditch in the entire Northeast Asia more than 100 years ago. , Club, restaurants, inn, circus, baths, grocery stores, business names, etc. have more than 150, and the brothels alone have more than 30 prostitutes in Russia, South Korea, Japan and other countries, and the population has reached more than 20,000. The blind migration of people from the land of Shenzhou and even different countries is just for a crazy golden dream, and the brief prosperity has not been able to cover up the plundering of Tsarist Russia and Japanese invaders. And go, it belongs to a irregular radiation migration.

The construction needs of Baiye will be promoted to the south to the north on the grounds of migration methods

The Daxinganling Ridge is one of the main national forest areas and the main distribution of natural forests in the country. The forest area is 7.1238 million hectares, and the forest coverage rate is 85.30%. The reason for the wood is the need for the belonging to the country of the country in the thousand miles, and it also opened the prelude to another migration of the population from south to north. The main force in the early days of Daxinganling Development and Construction.

In January 1964, the Ministry of Forestry and the Railway soldiers jointly reported to the State Economic Commission and the Central Secretariat. Fight a war. " Later, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council formally approved the report and decided to establish the Daxinganling Forest District Battle Command and the Party Committee of the Battle Headquarters. Forestry and local investment are 20,000 people. This is the origin of the "100,000 Army Battle Forest Sea" in the history of Daxinganling Development. The knowledge of the youth in the early 1950s went to the mountains and the countryside. With the acceleration of the development and construction of Daxinganling, 50,000 educated youth rushed to the Gaohan restricted area, making Daxinganling one of the areas with the highest per capita culture in Yanbian at that time. By the 1990s, more than 540,000 people during the peak of the Daxinganling population. One of the main factors of population increase.

In the past ten years, according to the statistics of the national economic and social development statistics from the Daxinganling area: at the end of 2005, the total population of the region was 535,104; at the end of 2010, the total population of the region was 520,280; The census data, the resident population in the region is only 331,300. The above population data shows that Daxing Aneling, as a high -cold area, remote mountainous areas, and underdeveloped areas, the population has been in the process of exporting to the economically developed and environmentally exported areas. Especially after the commercial migration is comprehensively stopped The continuous flow has started a new round of migration from north to south, and this process will last for a period of time.

(Author Mu Haijun is a member of the Chinese Rock Painting Society, a member of the Indian Rock Painting Association, and the expert group of the World Rock Painting Dragon and Protection Center)

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