The three waste grottoes in Lishui, Zhejiang were changed: beautiful to shock!

"Where is 缙“ 宕 “, can you send a positioning?"

This is the sharing of Yunshiyu on the social network,

The most questions.

It has not been officially opened here,

But it is already a "net red punch place" in fermentation,

Because it is really beautiful.

Shigang is located in Liyun County, under the water under the water under the water, Zhejiang,

April 2021,

Xu Tiantian, an architect who worked as a township building in Songyang County, Lishui,

Invited to Xunyun next door to transform the deserted stone dang.

She is at the lowest intervention and cost,

The first batch of first 8, 9, and 10 stones will

The transformation is transformed into the Shitang Concert Hall, Shigang Study Room and Performance Space.

From research, design to construction,

Less than a year.

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Xu Tiantian in an interview with the German AEDES Architecture Forum, in the architectural circle, she was unique. She graduated from the undergraduate and Harvard Architectural City of Tsinghua University.

In July of this year, a camera team came to Liyun Shiyuan

Visit and shoot on the spot.

Also contacted Xu Tiantian,

In the gap between her running on a business trip, many interviews,

Chatting behind the scenes behind the scene,

I also talked about her eight years of rural practice.

"There is no shortage of architects in the countryside,

Don't dazzle skills, to be restrained to build a countryside,

To be tied at the point of this tales,

Can activate the cycle of the entire rural system. "

Edit: You Weiling

Responsible editor: Chen Ziwen

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The reconstructed Shigang, "Shigang" and "Rockaga" are the local names of the Qianyun's local quarry, synonymous with the grotto

In the villages near Banbi Rock in Xiandu County, Yiyun County, a fork turned in, bypassing a small mountain, and the 10 -story height of the stone dang showed his eyes.

The quarry industry of Liyun has begun since the Song Dynasty. More than 3,000 stones in the entire county are artificially dug out. They are strange and different, like large -scale earth art. As the mining was banned in the 1990s, these stone dangs were gradually idle, and there was also a risk of collapse. The first step of the transformation is to reinforce.

At present, No. 8, 9, and 10 stone dangs are typical forms of local stone dangs.

Cave 9, from fish pond to the water hall of water

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Ichigang No. 9 also provides a new stage for local traditional drama

No. 9 stone dang is a completely open open space on the top. It used to be a fish pond. Xu Tiantian first came to the scene on a rainy day and found that the sound of rain dripping in the water was particularly nice.

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The concept of the villagers' fish pond has been transformed slightly. Today, people can be in a daze in the cave and experience "the sky -high cloud shadow hovering together"

As a result, she continued the concept of the ponds of the villagers' spontaneous transformation, retained a water in the center, and softened the roughness of the stone outer.

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The rock wall on the upper part of the stone dang is delicate. It is artificially mining and near the ground.

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The most beautiful color of the rock wall, No. 9, photography: Wang Ziling

The rock wall of the stone dang is very beautiful. The lifalite is the solidified stone after the volcanic eruption, especially in the sun, there will be warm hue.

She also designed several different ways of use for this stone dang, rainy days, sunny days, water, no water, each with their own good:

"When there is water in the pond, at this time, the skylight shadow is reflected in the water, which is very beautiful. When there are not many tourists, people walk along the water along the water. The reflection of the water is also an experience here."

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In the state of waterless, put on a chair, and the "pool" becomes a auditorium; remove the chair, become a small square, photography: Wang Ziling

"The water is released, corresponding to the two stage forms. One is the center stage in the middle; the other is the standard stage.

The rigidity of Shiyuan, with the spirit of water, complement each other and collide with each other, the space naturally has tension.

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Stage status, photography: Wang Ziling

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Professor Yan Xiang of Tsinghua University Professor Yan Xiang's sound -absorbing material design

Another thing that makes Xu Tian Tian is very impressed with the long response here. She invited Professor Yan Xiang, an acoustic expert of Tsinghua University to optimize the acoustic acoustic science on Shigang, and added sound -absorbing barons to the rock wall.

"The performances here are not plugged in, and the quality of the reverberation is great." Speaking of these transformations, she was full of happiness and pride.

Cave 8, ten -story "study room"

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Light and shadow gliding in the rock wall

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Before the transformation of the stone dang, there were steps and platforms that were used inside. Photography: Wang Ziling

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After the reconstruction of the rock wall, use the original steps and platforms, and use the column plate to "outline" to allow people to climb safely. Photography: Wang Ziling

Speaking of the design of Cave 8, Xu Tian Tian used an interesting expression: "We just outline this space." The design is light, as if to welcome the guests, clean up the stone dang, and use some wood and stones at home to entertain the guests with some tables and chairs at home.

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Shigang Study Room, Photography: Wang Ziling

At the bottom of the 8th stone, there is a step -up path that was originally used for stone picking and the quarry platform connected one by one. The architect retains the stone steps climbing up, and the stone picking platform has been transformed into a study, placing bookshelves and desks, becoming a natural reading room.

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Sitrian expression of "Shu Shan has a road", photography: Wang Ziling

Cave 8 is the highest among the three stone dangs, 38 meters high, which is equivalent to ten floors height rock walls. Combined with the trails of the rock wall, the abstract concept of "Shushan has a path" in ancient poems into A real space. Ascending to the entrance of the cave, the narrow gap between the stone walls out of the light and the green mountains outside the cave, which is in sharp contrast to the dark stone wall in the cave.

Cave 10, Villagers' Performance Art Center

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Quarry

Before the 10th stone, the villagers were the chicken farm. At the beginning of the design, the villagers took the initiative to have a place where they could continue to do quarry performance, and they chose this rectangular open stone.

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Outdoor exhibition hall of quarry performances, photography: Wang Ziling

Due to the annual rainwater, a darkened, impactful water brush marks were formed on the rock wall, which was in sharp contrast to the original light stone color.

On the wall of the vertical direction, there are two traces of artificial ax. The upper part is formed by manpower knocking and one chisel. The texture is delicate and natural; the lower part is machine mining. Two different seals correspond to different times and operations.

The edge of the top of the stone dang is removed, and the edge of the mountain forest is fixed to prevent high -altitude falls.

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Above, the entrance of the quarry performance hall; below, outdoor viewing, picture photography: Wang Ziling

A stand stand stands before the rock wall, and people can watch the performance of the performance here, giving the stonemith a full sense of ritual. When there is no performance, the top of the stands is an excellent place to overlook the surrounding mountain scenery.

Future: Twelve hours roaming route

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Stone Dang, No. 2, 3, and 4, to be transformed

The three stone dangs that have been completed are the first phase of the stone dang. The current construction of the second phase has been launched. In the future, 6 stone dangs will be transformed. The overall 9 stone dangs form a one -day Shigang tour route.

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The interior connected No. 2 and 3 of the stone dang, the internal strange stone pupa, the stone picking activity seemed to be bullshit around the surroundings, forming a peculiar cave world, photography: Wang Ziling

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One of the caves of the 2nd and 3rd, the frogs in the water are loud, and there are rock walls around and top to cover the wind and rain. Slightly organize and reinforce. In the future, people can sit down here.

In the future, after coming out of the Shigang Tea Room, I will pass through the water scenery of Shigang Garden along the mountain road. When sunset, I will come to Shiliang Rizhao.

In fact, it has become a new cultural center of the villagers. During the epidemic, the villagers came here to dance and take pictures.

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In March 2022, at the AEDES exhibition site of Berlin, photography: Erik-Jan Ouwerkerk

In March of this year, AEDES, an international architectural forum, set up a separate exhibition for Burlin in Berlin, Germany. From multiple perspectives of ecology to economy, it discussed the demonstration role of this series of projects.

The director of the forum stated that the transformation of Yiyun Shigang will bring reference to the German open -air sites and underground mines.

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Architect Xu Tiantian

Where does these stone dang come from? Why need to be transformed?

With these issues, a connection interview with Xu Tiantian was conducted. The interview time has been changed many times. Except for being too busy, Xu Tiantian thinks that Shi Dang is a collective work and memory, and it should not be just that she "said stupidly" there.

"We just participate in a small part of them. This space is not something we can design."

"So spectacular Shigang, in fact, it is a common story that belongs to the locals. I think it is unfair to advertise these architects."

The following is a selection of interviews with Xu Tian Tian.

Q: One

A: Xu Tiantian

From more than a dozen projects, I picked out the stone dangs that no one had done before

Q: What is the first time you go to Yunyun?

A: Because we have worked in Songyang County next door for many years, in April 2021, Liyun County invited us to investigate in the past.

At that time, we gave us a list, about a dozen projects, and we proposed to say Shigang. No one has done similar things, and they have never wanted to do it for more than ten years.

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8, 9, 10 stone dang and nearby villages

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No. 10 in the renovation

They have previously done the statue of stone dang and a hotel plan. They are limited by reinforcement and ecological destruction. They are not very appropriate, so they give up.

We feel that we can make a plan for the local government to see that if it can be accepted, we can advance down and start.

Q: What is the idea of ​​transformation?

A: There are more than 3,000 stone dangs in the local area. We don't intend to take a particularly cool stone dang to create a work.

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Half -open stone dang, photography: Wang Ziling

The initial idea was to sort out several types of forms from these 3,000, and make targeted transformation. Then use these cases as a demonstration, and give the local government to lead the remaining stone dangers.

The design principle is to minimize intervention and input costs, and at the same time, it is necessary to use ecological repair and sustainable transformation.

After the investigation, it was found that from the scenic area, the natural landscape is very mature, but it lacks fresh content that can attract young people.

At that time, we proposed: 1) to meet the reinforcement needs of ecological security; 2) whether it can no longer build a new house; 3) the functions of adding new spaces, such as changing humanities facilities, reading space, coffee space that attracts young people ... They are together.

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Planning to be converted into a tea room stone dang

Q: No one has done it before the transformation of Shi Dang, which means that there are no precedents to follow many things. How do you carry it? A: It is indeed not tried before, involving an overall mechanism innovation.

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Reinforced Shigang study, photography: Wang Ziling

The first is to reinforce and eliminate hidden safety hazards. Many stone dangs are surrounded by iron fences. It is indeed unsafe with Shigang. Last summer, we were there. One day it rained and it collapsed in the middle of the night.

The local government contacted the Seventh Geological Brigade of Zhejiang Province, first surveying and mapping, and then a safety assessment. Then it was the engineering intervention of rock and soil reinforcement to calculate a safe reinforcement plan.

Including which department is dominated by the government, and how to implement the policy is a set of methods explored locally.

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Wilder stone dang, photography: Wang Ziling

Therefore, through the transformation of the three stone dangs, 8, 9, and 10, in fact, a mechanism has been formed. If 3,000 stone dangs will be used in the future, there is already a basic method of operation.

Then the nine stones are connected into a route, including climbing up and down on the mountain road, which is also a very unique experience.

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No. 9 Stone, Photography: Wang Ziling

Q: The overall design is very light, and it seems to come in handy. How do you understand this intervention?

A: If we remove the design we make separately, there is really not much thing -but this is exactly the key to design.

The design only provides necessary intervention. People's stay space and walking path make people's attention is in the stone dang itself, that is, walking in, feeling the stone dang, which is shocked by this form, not to say that we must do a form of fascination and make it. Fight with it. For us, the design is to sort the status quo and all logic and do subtraction.

The needs of local villagers: retain memories and pride

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No. 9, photography: Wang Ziling

Q: What do the surrounding villagers think of the transformation of Shiyuan?

A: There are several villages in the scenic area. The original quarry workers lived nearby. They stopped from Shigang around 2000 and they turned to tourism. Dadu is very emotional.

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Above, the stonemiths of the quarry of the quarry before being shut down, most of them enter the mountain in their 10s; below, the old craftsman who actively requested to retain the performers is performing. Photography: Wang Ziling Ling

Including several old craftsmen who performed quarry of the No. 10 stone dang today, they also went to see every day when they were under construction. I think they are quite moved. They are proud of the past.

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Segment of the quarry "Mystery Discovery", 2001, 2001

I have watched a documentary that was previously quarry. The scene of the stone picking was very shocking that year, and this side of the soil and water can shape the personality of a person. The personality of the Yunyun people is bold. You will feel that you can dig out such a mountain? Unbelievable, I dare not dig at all now. Seeing these stone dangs, you will feel that the limit of people's limit is great.

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Female villagers' dance

Q: After the three stones are completed in the first phase, how does the villagers react?

A: The effect is pretty good. Because there are no foreign tourists in the epidemic, the villagers in the village next to them, they form a square dance team to dance in Shigang, and then make short videos to publicize online promotion. They have to save themselves and prepare for the future situation.

I have watched their dance in the square. Young women have their own group dance. People who are older are just like watching traditional drama.

If there is no epidemic, the economic income of the villagers in the scenic area should be very good, and the villagers are unwilling to move out. The epidemic will pass sooner or later, and it should be improved.

Internet celebrity building, there is no Shigang Shuai dug in the local quarry workers

Q: As an architect, you don't seem to have a strong desire to express yourself?

A: I am very disgusted with excessive construction and excessive design, which will make the countryside full of tension and sense.

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Xu Tiantian's vision of Shimenlang Bridge designed in Songyang County, photographer: Wang Ziling

Rural and architecture, they build a complete system, such as what the climate and farming form of this place is, will determine everyone's lifestyle, and also determine its space form.

So as an architect, in the rural system, our intervention is only embedded in its existing system.

And it is not to make a beautiful house. The purpose of intervention is to leverage the development potential of a countryside through architecture as a base point. Its industry also has historical context, and the possibility of its future economy.

Q: This is the "acupuncture" transformation you said?

A: Yes, you can say that. Acupuncture is also relatively restrained, and it must be tied at the point of this tie. Piece is hoping to activate the cycle of the entire system.

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Bamboo Pavilion in Chayuan, Songyang County, photographer: Wang Ziling

Q: For many architects who enter the countryside, is he unable to systematically systematically systematically control the pulse like an old Chinese medicine medicine?

A: I think this may be a problem of architectural concept. If you go to the countryside, the country is not bad for your style.

In fact, the social value of architecture has not been fully exerted, especially in the countryside. To create a space is the asylum of our physical body, but it can also play a spiritual and humanistic shelter, and it is also productive. Then in this process, we do not exclude the value of aesthetics.

However, if the building is purely measured by a simple visual and aesthetic standards, it is actually very narrow and single, and it is a narrow architecture. ▲

Songyang Tofu Workshop, hard work, also like a traditional craft performance, has been given respect, poetic and ritual sense

Excessive attention to materials, construction or excessive design is really not necessary for rural life, and it is also a kind of affection.

Q: In your opinion, does the countryside not need the so -called Internet celebrity landmark building?

A: In fact, the transformation of stone dang is not much, the cost is not high, and then it is quickly formed. It doesn't mean that it took a long time to build a small house of hundreds of square meters, nor is it the kind of influencer building, or the iconic building that extremely challenged the construction technology. I think it is a waste, and it is not advanced, that is, spending money and time to show off skills.

To be honest, there is no Shigang Shuai dug by local quarry workers.

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The shining stone picking exhibition hall in the night, photographer: Wang Ziling

We even hope that Shigang is a very strong emotional belonging such as stone pickers.

First reshape a sense of identity and identity that belongs to this place, which belongs to them. They excavated with their hands and consumed in the mountains for decades.

Songyang's 8 years township reform practice,

Seeing the house from 1,000 yuan to 200,000

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Pingtian Farming Museum in Songyang County

Q: When you first arrived in Songyang in 2014, the local villagers would tell you that they would feel that it would be modern and good to go to places such as Shanghai, Beijing, and Hangzhou. Is this still the case now?

A: They are different now. We just arrived in Songyang at the time. I heard that no one wanted a thousand dollars in the house in the village. I heard that a house may be 200,000 in the past few years. Some villages may not be bought. We have experienced the overall value improvement.

The village needs this concept to be transformed and judges a value of its own and own resources.

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Xu Tiantian can be used in the brown sugar workshop in Songyang. When farmers are busy, they can be used for the production of one village and one product and the sales of agricultural products. They can also be used as a public space for villagers to meet.

For example, the brown sugar workshop and the tofu workshop are all daily production activities that are accustomed to it. Shigang was considered a remaining waste after production. At that time, I scratched my head. What should I do?

In fact, the intervention of design can be transformed, which is equivalent to judging the value of local stock assets. It can become a positive, local emotional associated, new rural space.

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Shimen Gallery Bridge, which is not only a continuous and passing infrastructure, but also a composite public space that can walk, open the market, and observation deck

In Songyang, we are not doing a project, not building a work, but a system. This system is a system for a certain social problem.

Q: Can the design of a single space and the entire rural system be expanded slightly?

A: In fact, we are still "acupuncture". Each village has its own attributes and characteristics, such as different resources and industries on the plains or mountains, such as brown sugar and tofu, just like playing chess. Entering it, it became a system.

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Shikang Contract Museum, focus on showing the Hakka villagers 'contract, unite the villagers' historical and cultural essence, enhance the identity of the villagers, or the public house of marriage and funeral

And after a few points, the possibility will grow from the surroundings of this point.

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Damimishan tea pavilion, with the real estate bamboo, set up a light tea pavilion in the tea garden

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Also on the spot, as if it came from handy, and the bamboo forest theater, the naturally growing bamboo in the bamboo forest, and the open -air theater similar to the dome.

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Wang Jing Memorial Hall

For example, the gallery bridge and Wang Jing Memorial Hall are very close. It can be arrived in 10 minutes, and then the contract museum and tofu workshop can be available in less than 5 minutes by car. That is also a route.

In such a small section, you may be able to see the local life form for a long time and a day. After watching it today, you will live in a town, and then visit tomorrow.

Q: You just mentioned the house prices in the village. Is this what you have always paid attention to?

A: Yes, we will also pay attention to these development.

Including the homestays in the village, it seems that they bring some revenue to the place. For example, the villagers sell more dried radish and sell more agricultural products. However, the homestay itself is more than 1,000 and 20,000 house prices in one night. These resources should be in the hands of the villagers. This is the commercial value and potential of the village and the villagers.

The status quo of many rural areas is that before such consciousness, these investors in the city had been broken off the best houses in the scenery.

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For the original hometown of Shangtian, farmers entering the collective economy entity through real estate fields, so that local farmers do not be grabbed the maximum value by capital because of the fault of cognition

Therefore, we are in Shangtian Village and are a collective economic development model of mixed ownership. We have been emphasizing the public ownership of the countryside, as well as its economic model, which should belong to the village collective.

Therefore, no matter how to promote the aesthetics of life, it is necessary to calculate the account from the increasing income with the villagers to know that this is unreasonable. And it is necessary to consider whether a home and breakfast has passed quickly for a village. After this wave of harvesting, everyone will leave.

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For hundreds of years, the ease of the soil wall still stands still. Xu Tiantian is being reborn for these "ruins" and runs on the ground of Fujian.

Q: What are the rural construction projects still busy recently?

A: We have recently been doing the activation and utilization of Fujian Tulou.At present, there are thousands of deposits in Fujian. Only 46 are applying for World Cultural Heritage. Most of them need to be repaired or have been deserted. It is a pity.We want to use different forms of earth buildings again: in the past, we were living, and now we can become a new public space and still become a spiritual home for locals.

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