[Traditional Culture] Twenty -four solar terms of micro -knowledge -autumn: autumn, autumn and frost, Jiang Dejun

Inherit the excellent traditional culture to pay tribute to the wisdom of Chinese ancestors

——Im micro -knowledge twenty -four solar terms

Jiang Dejun

Fourth, autumn: autumn is open autumn frost drop

According to the traditional calendar, there are six solar terms in each season. Six solar terms in autumn are autumn, summer, white dew, autumn equinox, cold dew and frost.

(13) Liqiu

The beginning of the autumn sun is located at 135 degrees of the Yellow Meridian. On August 7-9, the festival is the thirteenth solar term in the twenty-four solar terms. The first solar term in autumn.

Twenty -four solar terms reflect the changes in the four o'clock meteorology. Lili Qiu is the node of Yang Qi seeing and seeing yin, from Yang Sheng to Yin Sheng. Liqiu also means that cooling, precipitation, humidity, etc. are at the turning point of the year, which tends to decrease or decrease. After the autumn (solar term), the next rain is quickly cool after the autumn, so there is a saying of "one autumn rain and one cold". Ancient books "Four Minutes Moon Order": Zhaoli Autumn, Leng Ji; Ye Liqiu, hot. In nature, everything has begun to grow from lush growth to mature or Xiao Suo.

Autumn

Lili Qiu Sanqiu: When the cool wind is up, the two -after white dew falls, and the three -waiting cold cicada shall make the cicada, which means that after the beginning of the autumn, many parts of my country began to scrape the north wind, the southwind decreased, and the north wind brought people to people's silk to people. Slim. Due to the strong sunlight during the day, the cool wind at night to form a certain day and night temperature difference. The water vapor in the air in the morning outdoor plants condensed into crystal dew. At this time, the cicada is sufficient and the temperature is appropriate. It is screaming on the branches blowing on the breeze, as if telling people that the hot summer passes, and the harvest year is in sight.

However, the autumn does not mean that the hot weather is over. The beginning of autumn is still during the summer heat. It has not yet come out of the summer. In the second summer, the summer summer is only summer. The weather is still hot during the early autumn. After entering the autumn, the yin and yang qi began to change, and all things sank with the yang and saw Xiao Luo. The most obvious changes in autumn from the lush green to yellowing, and the leaves begin to fall, while the crops begin to mature. In ancient times, there were traditional customs such as worshiping land gods to celebrate the harvest of the land. In terms of health, we should pay attention to preventing heat and dryness. According to the principle of "spring and summer nourishing the sun in spring and summer, nourishing yin in autumn and winter", it is necessary to supplement it at this time.

There are many folk proverbs about the autumn, such as: Li Qiuqing, one day, farmers do not work hard; July autumn is closed, and it is lost in June and autumn; A cold, ten autumn rain to wear cotton; autumn in the morning, cold at night, and so on.

There are many scholars in the past, such as the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi "Autumn Ci":

Since ancient times, the autumn is sad and lonely, and I say autumn to the spring.

On the clouds on the clouds, the poetic sentiment was quoted to Bixiao.

Song Dynasty poet Liu Han "Li Qiu":

The milk crow crowed the scattered jade screen, a new cool and a wind.

There is no place to sleep in the autumn, and the full steps Wuye Yuemingzhong.

Ming Dynasty poet Xia Yunying's "Li Qiu":

The autumn wind blows through the south building, and the new cool overnight is the beginning of autumn.

Bao Duck's fragrance disappeared and cold, and the waiter took care of himself.

(14) Summer

The summer sun is located at 150 degrees of the Yellow Meridian. On August 22-24, it is the fourteenth solar terms in the twenty-four solar terms, and the second solar terms in autumn. The "place" of the summer heat refers to the termination. The significance of the summer heat is that the summer heat is officially terminated.

Summer in the summer: the eagle is sacrificed by the bird, the heaven and the earth start, and Nai Deng, which means that the eagle began to hunt a large number of birds in this solar term. Therefore, the folk saying clouds: When you see the yellow summer valley, the wind must be guarded;

Folk -saying cloud: It is like a summer day, like a tiger in the autumn; Therefore, during the summer, the climate is dry. In terms of health, eat more foods that nourish yin and moisturizing to avoid dry injury.

There are many sighs for the solar terms of the past generations.

In the summer, there is a coolness in the court.

Biji went to the southern country, and Yantian was not his hometown.

There are few autumn, and the night light is long.

You can still fall in love.

Another example is the "Summer" of the poet of the Qing Dynasty:

It is the autumn land, and it is more summer.

Ye fell from the human face, cool from the horse's head.

The length and shortness of the smoke post, Yunshan fantasies.

Tian Chou saw familiarity, only Zhu Shuangchi.

(15) Bai Lu

The Bai Lu Sun is located at 165 degrees of the Yellow Meridian. September 7-9th Festival is the fifteenth solar terms in the twenty-four solar terms, and the third solar terms in autumn. Bai Lu is an important solar term that reflects the growth of the cold in nature. Because the weather turns cold and the sun is hot during the day, the temperature drops quickly after the evening. Bai Lu's season basically ended the sweltering heat in the summer, and the weather seemed to turn cold, so there was a saying "Bai Lu Qiu Qiu Qiu is in the night, cooling overnight and one night".

Bai Lu's three waiting: one waiting for Hongyan, the two waiting birds returned, and the three -waiting bird raised ashamed, which means that in this solar term, migratory birds such as Hongyan and Swallow began to fly south to avoid cold, and hundreds of birds began to store dry fruits to prepare for winter.

At this moment, farmers are also busy harvesting crops. During the Bailu period, there are different folk customs, mainly sacrificing Dayu, brewing grain wine, and drinking Bailu tea.

As far as tea is concerned, the folk has the saying that "spring tea is bitter, summer tea, drink tea, autumn white dew". In terms of health, diet health is mainly based on the lungs of the lungs.

Many poems of all ages, chanting Bai Lu's masterpieces, such as "Book of Songs · Qin Feng", the famous article "蒹葭":

为 Cang Cang, white dew is frost. The so -called Yiren is on the water side.

Touring from it, the road is obstructive.

Tracing through it, Wan is in the middle of the water.

未, Bai Lu Wei Wei.

The so -called Yiren is in the water of the water.

Those who follow it, the Tao is blocked.

Trace traveled to it, and Wan is in the water.

已 未 蒹葭, Bai Lu has been.

The so -called Yiren is in the water.

Go back from the road, resistance and right.

Trace traveled to it, and Wan is in the water.

Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu "Bai Lu":

Bai Lu Tuan Ganzi, scattered in the early morning.

The garden opened the stone tree, and the boat crossed the river.

Look at the fish music, and return to the whip urgent bird habitat.

Seeing the beauty of the autumn, there are many ways to get more.

Du Fu also has a masterpiece of Bai Lu's masterpiece "Monthly Recalling Brother":

Drums cut off the crowd, and the sound of a geese in the autumn.

Lu Congbai, the moon is the hometown.

Everyone is scattered, and no family asks for death.

Sending the head of the book is not reached, but the condition is not sold.

(16) Autumn equinox

The autumn equinox sun is located at 180 degrees of the Yellow Meridian. On September 22-24, the festival is the 16th solar terms of the twenty-four solar terms, and the fourth solar terms in autumn.

On the day of the autumn equinox, the sun is almost direct to the Earth equator, and the day and nights around the world are waiting. Autumn equinox, "division" means equal and half, in addition to the division of day and night, there is also a layer of meaning, which is divided into autumn. After the autumnal equinox, the sunlight shifts to the sun, the northern hemisphere is short and long, the temperature difference between day and night increases, and the temperature decreases day by day.

Autumn equinox was once the traditional monthly sacrifice festival in my country, evolving from the ancient autumn Festival sacrifice. For example, in ancient times, there was the saying of "Spring Festival Day, Autumn Festival Moon". According to historical records, as early as the Zhou Dynasty, the ancient emperors had the customs of spring equinox, summer solstice sacrifice, autumn equinox sacrifice moon, and winter solstice. The sacrifice venue is known as the daily pearl, the altar, the moon, and the heavenly altar. It is located in the four directions of the southeast and northwest.

On June 21, 2018, the State Council has approved that since 2018, the autumn equinox will be set up to Chinese farmers' harvest festivals each year.

The autumn equinox three waiting: the thunder starts to collect the sound, and the two puppets are tug -of -huts. The ancients believed that Lei made a sound because of the strong yang. The word "blank" in the second time means thin soil, that is, because the weather becomes cold, the small worm began to hide into the acupoint, and seal the hole with a fine soil to prevent the cold from invading the cold. The third time is to say that the rainfall starts to decrease at this time. Due to the dry weather, the water and gas evaporate quickly, so the water in the lake and the river becomes less, and some swamps and pudding are dry.

In the autumnal equinox, special attention should be paid to the prevention of autumn dryness in the health care diet. The "dryness" of autumn equinox is different from Bai Lu's "dryness". The "dryness" of the autumn equinox is cold and dry, and the "dryness" of Bai Lu is "warm and dry". Therefore, pay attention to eating more clean and warm foods in your diet.

Folk proverbs are: The fall of the autumn equinox will come to the year. The autumn equinox is sunny, everything is born, and so on.

Scholars of all ages have left a lot of chanting poems, such as the Song Dynasty poet Han Qi "Geng Yan Autumn Elberry":

The wind and the leaves have not withered, and the disabled scenes of the autumn equinox are depressed.

When the head is slightly drought, the mosquito mouth is poisonous.

Qian Tong tender moss Chen Gejing, the word Yokohama geese Chu Tianyao.

The West Garden Banquet is pretty of night, sitting and watching Yuan toad overlit.

Song Dynasty poet Li Qingzhao's "Drunk Flower Yin · Mist, Mist and the Clouds Sorrows and Sorrows":

Mist and strong clouds are sorrowful, and the brain sells golden beasts. The festival is heavy, and the jade pillow kitchen is cold and early in the middle of the night.

After Dongli puts the wine at dusk, there is a dark aroma. Mo Dao is not ecstasy, the curtain rolls the west wind, people are thinner than yellow flowers.

Song Dynasty poet Li Qingzhao's masterpiece "Slow Voice · Looking for Search":

Looking for, deserted and clear, miserable. When it is warm, it is the most difficult to get. Three glasses of two cups of wine, how to enemy him and late the wind! The geese passed, and was sad, but they met the old days.

The yellow flowers are piled up and damaged. Who can pick it now? How can you give birth to the window? The Indus is even more drizzle. By dusk, bit by bit. How can a sorrowful word this time?

(17) Cold dew

The cold dew sun is located at the Yellow Meridian 195 degrees. On October 8-9, it is the seventeenth solar terms in the twenty-four solar terms, and the fifth solar term in autumn.

Cold dew is a festival in late autumn, a solar term that reflects the characteristics of climate change. Entering the cold dew, there are cold air south, the temperature difference between day and night is large, and autumn dryness is obvious. If Bai Lulu solar term marks the cool transition of the hot direction, the summer heat has not completely disappeared, and the dew is crystal flashing in the morning. As the saying goes: "Cold dew and cold dew, cold dew." The folk saying: "Bai Lu is not revealed, and the cold dew is not revealed."

The cold dew was three: one waiting for Hongyan guests, the two were waiting for the large water to be the clam, and the three waiting chrysanthemums had Huang Hua. In this solar terms, Hongyan lined up into a word or human -shaped queue to move south; cold and birds were gone in late autumn. I thought it was the birds that turned; at this time, the chrysanthemum was generally open, which was a good time for the chrysanthemum.

After the cold dew, the cold air in the north has a certain force. Under the control of cold and high pressure in most areas of my country, the rainy season is over. From the perspective of climate, in the cold dew, the southern autumn opinion is strong, the air is cool, and the rain is dry; the majority of the northern areas have entered from late autumn or are about to enter the winter. Therefore, people's proverbs: After eating cold dew rice, single clothes are rare. After eating Chongyang rice, no single -handed man. After eating Chongyang cake, a single shirt was wrapped.

The traditional customs of cold dew include maple leaves, eating sesame, eating crabs, and drinking autumn tea. In terms of health, diet should be nourishing yin, moistening (lung). There are farm proverbs: cold dew to frost drop, planting wheat panic; frost drops to Lidong, planting Momo Fang Loos. The wheat point is in the cold dew, ordered a bowl of three buckets and so on.

The poet of the Tang Dynasty, Yuan Xun's "September September of September":

Han Lu shocked the autumn night, and saw the chrysanthemum to see Huang.

Thousands of families sweep the leaves, and Wanli geese follow the sun.

Clag sadness birds, receiving Tian Yi Zaosa Cream.

Because of Zhisong Baizhi, winter and summer color.

Tang Dynasty poet Qian Qian "Late September Pre -Pavilion":

The hometown cannot be asked, and the Qiqi meets again.

The Plutter Fang is thousands of miles, and it is a few miles away from sadness.

Hui Yun followed the goose, cold dew ticking.

The neck is far away, as if he smelled the country.

(18) Frost drop

The sun is located at 210 degrees of the Yellow Meridian. On October 23-24, the festival is the eighteenth solar terms in the twenty-four solar terms, and the last solar terms in autumn. Frost -descending solar terms contain the meaning of cold weather and first frost, which also means the beginning of winter. In the season of frost, health care is especially important. There is a saying in folk proverb "one year is thorough, it is better to make up the frost".

The frost descends: one waiting is the sacrifice beast, the pornography of the grass and the trees falls, and the three waiting tapeworms are salty. It means that the wolf began to capture the prey for food; the leaves on the ground dried yellow and fell; the tapeworms were also unmoved in the cave, and began to enter the hibernation state.

When the frost falls, in the five elements, it belongs to the soil. According to the viewpoint of traditional Chinese medicine, in the four seasons and five supplements -spring supplements, summer supplements, long summer supplements, autumn must be made up, and winter must be made up. In terms of relationship, it should be based on the principle of fading or flat supplement, and the focus of blood nourishing the stomach.

The folk proverbs are: tonight frost is heavy, the sun is red tomorrow morning; after the frost drops, the frost, rice full warehouse and so on.

The poet of the Song Dynasty Lu You, "Four days before the frost drop":

The grass and trees were yellow at the beginning, and the wind and clouds repeatedly opened.

Children's puppets, neighbors return.

The eagle strikes the frost, and the rain is coming.

Don't sigh when Sheng Xunjun.

Song Dynasty poet Ye Mengde "Water Tuning Songs · September Wanting and Guest Xi Shijie Xiyuan Yusu's illness cannot be shot":

The frost is quiet, and the autumn is promoting the west wind. The cold sound was hidden, and I entered the Indus in the middle and night. Looking back at Gao Cheng, he was so drunk with the same drunk. Drums are in trouble.

The old age will laugh, and the guest laughs, ask the decline. He was so arrogant in his life, who Shen Ling for his majesty. He looked like a tiger, waved the sound of the string, and the two geese fell away. Lao Yan was really ashamed, looking back at the clouds.

(To be continued)

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About the Author

Jiang Dejun, a pen name Wensheng, a researcher, professor, a member of the Chinese Writers Association, a member of the Chinese Writing Society, a director of the World Chinese Creative Writing Society, an executive director of the Sichuan Provincial Lu Xun Research Association, a candidate for the leaders of Sichuan Academic and Technical Leaders, Ninth Sichuan Writers Association Member of the All -Committee Committee, writer of Chengdu Academy of Arts, Vice Chairman of the Yibin Writers Association, and editor -in -chief of the large -scale cultural series "Li Zhuang Wen Cong".

Main research directions: writing, ancient culture, local culture and corporate culture. Provincial high -level courses and provincial first -class courses "Writing", "Commercial and Government Writing" lecturer. Host or main research on national, provincial and ministerial -level projects, responsible for multiple large -scale cultural and literary writing projects and the planning and writing of the Memorial Hall. Published more than 100 academic papers, edited or edited or edited 8 volumes of liberal arts textbooks in colleges and universities, and more than 20 literary works were selected. Publish works and articles in newspapers such as "People's Daily" and "Guangming Daily". The works are selected as a general adult textbook of 985, 211 and "Double First -class" University of Engineering. 6 academic works such as "Poetry Language and Art", "Literature Re -Wind", 10 cultural essays, "Selection of Wensheng's lyrical philosophy poetry", "accompanied by celebrities", "one river spring water", "another kind of question" There are 24 poems and more than 100 academic papers. There are 8 books and 11 volumes of the liberal arts textbooks of colleges and universities, and more than 20 literary works are selected. The article is selected as the national college entrance examination Chinese reading materials and the learning materials of party and government leading cadres.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Author: Jiang Dejun

Picture: Fang Zhi Sichuan

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