[New Era of Endering New Year] Report from the People's Daily: Shandong Answer Sheet Linko Answers Questions

The tobacco industry is an important part of the agricultural economy and an important source of income from farmers in the tobacco areas. In recent years, Shandong has effectively connected the high -quality development of tobacco leaves with the revitalization of the countryside, adhered to the leadership of party building, and based on steady progress. In the accelerated transformation and upgrading, comprehensively promoting the development of industrial integration and development pattern.

Jin Ye Huinong, the heavy responsibility is on his shoulders. On the land of Qilu, a modern tobacco agricultural scroll led by innovation is being painted -the vision of high -quality development not only reflects the reality, but also sets up a different mirror for the current magnificent rural rejuvenation and common prosperity of China.

The drone where the plant protection operation is being carried out in Yutian

Technical custody to help farmers-

Make tobacco farmers become attractive occupations

On a yellowed old photo, the two tobacco farmers were filled with the joy of harvest and brought us back to the years of 1946. That year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the "East China Tobacco Company" in Lintong County, Weifang City, Shandong Province. There are three acquisitions points in Yiyuan, Xinzhai, and Wujing. mechanism.

Time flies, and the years leave marks.

Once, Shandong, which was a large province of tobacco, just stepped into the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" and faced a severe situation: on the one hand, the tobacco industry continued to play an important role in promoting farmers' income, fiscal income, and economic and social development; The rapid development of modern agriculture has a solid foundation and inadequate characteristics, large labor intensity, hard work for employment, and decline in the decline of farmers' enthusiasm.

In the context of promoting common prosperity in the revitalization of rural revitalization, how can we find the positioning of tobacco leaves in the overall situation of "agriculture and rural areas"? How to improve the level of modern tobacco agricultural construction, promote agricultural efficiency and farmers' income?

The traditional thinking and path dependence has become increasingly becoming a mortal, and innovation is calling for the call of the era.

The camera turned to July 2022. The sun was roasted in the sun in the midsummer, and the green ridge became a wave in the tobacco field in the southeast of Lingzi Village, Sutou Town, Lintong County. Over the sky, a full -headed DJI plant protection drone T20 is shuttled back and forth, making a roar of "buzzing". The "flying defense" technicians standing on the ground manipulated the remote control and carefully observed the spray trajectory of the drone.

"Just after a heavy rain, this kind of high -temperature and humidity weather is the most likely to induce tobacco leaf disease." Gao Xiuwen, a 52 -year -old villager in Lingzi Village, said, "Previous plant protection, the 85 acres of yellow smoke I planted 10 people needed 10 people to work two. God, now using the drone of the hosting service company, it can be done in one or two hours, and it costs 8 yuan per acre of land. "

Lintong is located in the northern foot of Yishan and the upstream of the Mihe River. Duoduo area. Because of its unique soil climate, it has always been an old tobacco -leaf production area, but it is a sporadic planting. high.

"It's much easier to plant smoke now." Gao Xiuwen has been planting yellow smoke for 20 years, and its scale has developed from the earliest 10 acres to the current 85 acres: "Machine farming, ridge, transplantation, plant protection, straw and other links can be handed over to the hosting custody Companies. Nothing to grow, collect, and sell, we are equivalent to reassuring pills. "

Here, the order formula "hosting service" has become the "new topic" of tobacco farmers.

Since 2019, Shandong Yantong District has comprehensively promoted social and professional custody services, promoted the production of tobacco leaf production towards moderately large -scale, mechanized, and specialized directions. the road.

Right now, Gao Xiuwen calculated that he could reach about 200,000 yuan this year. "Last month was drought, tobacco company made a machine well, paved drip irrigation equipment, poured land for fertilization, and did not worry about fertilization. The per mu production capacity reached more than 300 pounds. The quality of this output was the best quality." The fashionable old cigarette's face filled with a unable to hide.

Now in Shandong, "tobacco farmers rich" is really not new.

The data shows that in 2021, the average smoke income of Shandong tobacco farmers was 196,000 yuan; the average smoke income of the acres of smoke was 5267 yuan, and the average net income per mu reached 2,200 yuan, an increase of 1167 yuan and 768 yuan respectively from the end of the "12th Five -Year Plan".

Agricultural machinery and agronomy integration promotes high -quality development of Shandong tobacco leaf production

Organization mode is leading--

The branch leads dry, rural vitality is full

On the vertical countryside of the Mo Mo, the "Party Branch Leading Cooperative" is like the engine on the node, stirring the ancient villages with surging kinetic energy. In the process of interacting with the land, there has been changes in Shandong tobacco areas.

In Nangou Village, Ling Town, Jiayue Town, Zhucheng City, 13 young people returned to the village to start a business, becoming a vital army for the development of the village industry. Zhang Chengshuang, the secretary of the party branch, tells the dilemma in the village when he took office in 2018:

One is that there is no income in the village collective, and every year relies on superiors to allocate funds; the second is that there are no industries in the village. Most villagers can only go out to work.

863 people in the village, 2040 acres of land are almost the only hope. Want to let the countryside live, and farmers are rich, how to activate factors such as "land, money, people"? How to break the problem in industrial development?

"Thanks to the tobacco department, the tobacco department instructed us to establish a village office cooperative, uniformly concentrated the transfer of land, and determined the development of three pillar industries of food, tobacco leaves, and salvia. Now, our villagers, everyone has business, and we have money every day." Since the establishment of the cooperative, Zhang Chengshuang's changes in the village are like a few treasures. Under the coordination of the branch, the cooperatives flowed for 1040 acres of land, planned unified planning and unified management, provided to the capable and willing villagers to plant, and also led the signed order production agreement with the flour factory and the Chinese medicinal material factory to open up the "crop production and sales" The last mile ". The 46 rich laborers in the village have joined the hosting service agency to provide employment services for the development industry in the village and surrounding villages. Only through migrant income, land rent, and cooperative dividends, some villagers can earn more than 10,000 yuan a year.

"The village collective has money, and the prestige of our village cadres is even higher, and the words of speaking and doing things are harder." Zhang Cheng Shuang proudly said.

In 2021, Weifang City established a village office cooperative. Through the development of tobacco leaves and other industries, the villagers were divided into 24 million yuan, driving more than 7,000 farmers to achieve employment nearby. More than 2,000 tobacco farmers in the city have taken the lead in becoming a typical typical industry to become rich. More than 500 tobacco villages have developed into new rural areas with prosperity of industries, rural customs, effective governance, and wealthy life.

"If you come back early to start a business, you will have already issued (fortune)." This is the simplest feeling of Li Wenzheng who returned to his hometown to start a business. From a migrant worker outside, he transformed into the head of the family farm of the Lintong Shijia River Crown. He now has an annual income of 200,000 yuan, and he can also take care of his young children with his wife.

Under the guidance and incentives of favorable policies, a large number of returning youths with culture, technology, understanding, and management will join the smoke breeding team.

This year, the proportion of young smoke farmers such as the "post -80s" and "post -90s" of Shandong accounted for 16.5 %, and the total planting area of ​​tobacco farmers reached 43 acres, which realized the simultaneous development of the number of tobacco farmers and moderate scale operations.

By guiding the development of cooperatives to lead the party branch and comprehensively integrating production resource elements such as land, funds, manpower, and facilities, the Shandong tobacco area has formed a relatively complete tobacco leaf industry chain organizational system. Essence

At the high -quality development site of the National Tobacco Leaf in 2022, Wu Hongtian, secretary of the Party Group of the Shandong Provincial Tobacco Monopoly Bureau (company), used the "three banks" to explain "which kind of cigarettes", "who will grow cigarettes", "how to plant smoke" "The path exploration-

Establish a "Land Bank", reserve 258,000 acres of land for a long time to solve the problem of "which kind of cigarette"; establish a "labor bank", reserve 21,000 industrial workers, introduce professional custody companies, take ridge, transplant planting in machine farming, transplantation, transplantation More than 80%of the plant protection and other links, more than 64%of the smoke farmers carry out order -type custody services to solve the problem of "employment difficulties"; establish "fund banks", coordinate agricultural loan service resources, and solve the problem of "insufficient scale planting funds".

Up to now, the Shandong tobacco area has established cooperatives leading the party branch in 578 tobacco villagers, accounting for 41%of the total number of smoke villages, and has achieved a difference in branches, industrial grasping, collective income, farmers' affordable farmers, industrial foundation Getting consolidation, the tobacco industry has become a "golden bag" that promotes the development of rural economy, promotes farmers' income and become rich, and has a satisfactory three parties.

Junjunling Industry Complex, Cushan Township, Jixian County, Rizhao City. Photo by Gu Yuxue

New path of industrial integration--

Keep the "rice bag" and bulge the "money bag"

Tens of thousands of acres of tobacco leaves, salvia, and scutellaria baicalensis are covered with mountains, and the boundless greens of the layers of mountains are shocked to everyone who walks into the Tseung Kwan Ridge Industrial Complex of Rizhao Cushan Township.

The farmers, crops, and mountains here are like a roll of landscape painting, showing the new growth space of the integration of traditional agriculture and modern industries.

"I have flowed 60 acres of land in the comprehensive body, and the yellow smoke and salvia are planted. The quality of the soil here is good, the ecological conditions are good, and the quality of the tobacco leaves and salvia are good." Pure income reached about 150,000 yuan.

In the past, the bald beach has become Jinshan Yinshan. How can you think of the modern agricultural beauty in front of the General Ridge-

"Three mountains, two water, and five sida fields. The thin water is lacking in food. When encountering the drought and flood disaster season, I will be hungry and hungry." This is the true portrayal of Shuangquan Village, Cushan Township in the early years.

Cushan is currently rare in Rizhao Ji County that is called "hometown". There are many hills, and economic crops are known for Danshen, and the output accounts for 68%of the country's total output.

In the past, most of the villagers in Shuangquan Village planted soybeans, corn, wheat and peanuts, and also sporadically planted Chinese medicinal materials and mulberry silkworms, but they were all "each battle" and the output was not high. Medicine traffickers suspected that retail investors did not have a scale, and they could not come to the countryside. No matter how good the medicinal materials were, it would not be a good price.

Where is the land? This is not just the dilemma of Shuangquan Village.

How to use the "Hometown of Chinese Pharmaceutical Materials" on the premise of ensuring the basic farmland to do the entire chess chess for modern and efficient agricultural development?

He Yuxiao, the deputy county head of the people's government of Jianxian County, said, "Compared with the industries such as Lin Guo and Flowers, tobacco leaves are one -year crops, which meet the requirements of cultivated land protection. Especially the tobacco leaf market is stable and good. Have congenital advantages. "

In recent years, Shandong tobacco has based on the overall situation of the "agriculture, rural areas", and correctly handle the "three relationships" of basic tobacco fields and basic farmland, tobacco leaf industry and grain, tobacco farmers' income and rural rejuvenation, and integrate the tobacco leaf industry into the large pattern of heavy farmers grasping grain grains. "It is grain, and the smoke is the smoke." It promotes the reasonable layout and scientific rotation of tobacco leaves and grain crops, establish a cigarette grain composite industrial belt and characteristic industrial base, and submits the Shandong answer sheet of industrial integration. In Cushan Township, Junxian, the Junjunling Industry Complex has been planned and constructed since the end of 2018. After four years of development, the overall size has reached 10,000 acres. This year, tobacco leaves and Chinese medicinal materials are planted for about 5,000 acres.

Zhang Xunwei's concentrated uniformly transferred to 1,600 acres of cultivated land, mainly for planting Chinese herbal medicine, scutellaria baicalensis, yellow smoke, mulberry silkworm and other economic crops, supplemented by traditional crops such as soybeans, peanuts, and sweet potatoes. Based on the situation of land power, regular rotation is changed. The average net profit of more than 2,500 yuan per mu has not only achieved the efficient use and maintenance of cultivated land, but also increased farmers' returns.

"The supporting production facilities in the comprehensive body can be used by the breeding of Salviat. It is just to say that the baking room can not only save the cost of drying the salvia, but also improve the quality and appearance of Salva. Mood, "Now that farmers are much stronger than working, Danshen has not been planted in the ground, and medicinal buyers signed a contract with me."

The government builds a nest and attracts phoenixes, and pharmaceutical companies are involved. The dual contract management of "tobacco leaf+grain crop" has been managed by the "government, leading enterprises, cooperatives, and tobacco" throughout the linkage. The channels not only kept the people's "rice bags", but also rose up the farmers' "money bags".

At present, in Shandong, there are 14 tobacco area industrial complexes, radiation to create a dual -excellent composite industrial zone, forming a rotation industrial base such as smoke food, smoke oil, and smoke medicine, promote the integration of industrial integration, improve multi -operating income, and further put smoke food (Economic) Industry has become a Fununnong Industry in the tobacco area. In 2021, the multi -operating net income of smoke farmers in the province was 105 million yuan, with average households of 15,000 yuan.

Source: Dongyueke

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