[August 1st] Zhu De from the "Zhu" flag to the "Bayi" military flag ‖ Liu Jian governance

Zhu De from the "Zhu" flag to the "Bayi" military flag

Liu Jian Guanyan

Zhu De is one of the main creators of the people's army. In the long -term revolutionary war practice, he has been in a hundred battles, has done everything in danger, and has outstanding merits. Outstanding contribution. August 1st is the Army of the People's Liberation Army. Let us explore the little -known historical memories of Zhu De and the Jianjun Festival along the historical trajectory.

Ask Yuan Xuguo to be the "Zhu" flag first

Some of the military flags, some are nationwide, some are surnames. The Yang family, Yue Jiajun, and Qi Jiajun all have their own "Yang" flags, "Yue" flags, and "Qi" flags. The flag of his surname. Such history is until the Revolution of 1911.

After the 1911 Revolution, Yuan Shikai restored the emperor system. In 1916, the Yunnan Guardian Army, which was mainly based on Cai Yan, went north to "protect the country" in the north. Facing the Beiyang Army, which was ten times his strength, the guardian army attacked Luzhou was "fate". At the critical moment, on February 17, Zhu Dexing, who was the captain of the Sixth Division of the Third Steel of the First Army, rushed to the cotton slope of Naxi Fortress. The "Zhu" flag was the first, Zhu De led the army to reach Naxi, and immediately announced the battlefield discipline and said, "We want to eliminate the Beiyang Army and defeat Yuan Shikai, we must not be afraid of death, and we must be brave. Retirement, row killing; platoon leader retreating, joint killing; company long retreat, battalion killing; battalion retreat, the head of the regiment; I Zhu De retreated, the whole army killed. This is the discipline of iron, and everyone has to follow. "Later, Zhu De immediately commanded the troops to charge forward and repel the enemy. After that, the troops were guarded on the high ground on the front of the cotton slope, and form a confrontation with the Beiyang Army, which guarded the Highland of Hongmiao.

Zhu De during Yuan Huo (stills)

Zhu De has the courage and conspiracy, and has won the appreciation of Cai Yan. Cai Yanhuo promoted him as the captain of the vanguard team detachment, and called him to attend the military conference. At the meeting, Cai Yan asked Zhu De to command the third detachment to serve as a positive main attack behind Taojiawa, and set up a comprehensive attack on the Beiyang Army on February 28.

When Zhu De returned to the third team, the opposite Red Temple was highland, and the enemy troops reinforced a regiment's strength. Zhu De's detachment is undergoing four times the enemy's attack. In the fierce competition for a few days, it has flowed into a river. When Zhu Deqing ordered the number, he found that the troops were nearly half of the casualties and did not reinforce it. The most terrible thing was that the ammunition would be used up. In the face of strong enemies, you can only win with schemes. How to win? Zhu De, who had repeatedly thought about it, held the officer meeting of various battalions, announced the plan to organize the death team to laud in the enemy positions, and deployed specific tasks of each camp and company. After the meeting, hundreds of officers and soldiers gathered on the position and waited for Zhu De to issue orders. Looking at the thin but trembling soldiers, Zhu De spoasted generously, and the morale of the infected officers and soldiers rose. Zhu De said: "I am now choosing a dare to die. If I am not afraid of death, I am willing to follow me to charge, and stand up!" As soon as the words fell, the soldiers almost stood out. Zhu De picked 80 deaths on the spot.

On the night of February 27th, Zhu De took these deaths of these deaths, and God entered the open place in front of the enemy's position unconsciously, quietly lurking, waiting for the general attack order. At dawn, the Guardian Army initiated a total attack signal. Zhu De suddenly jumped up with the daring team members, inserted into the enemy line, and launched a white -edged battle with the enemy. The Beiyang Army was caught off guard by the sudden appearance of the army, scared and scared, and only fled around. Zhu De's daring team members all went down the mountain like a fierce tiger. In the sound of shouting, the more and more brave than the war. They crossed the trenches and rushed to the enemy line.

The victory of the cotton slope completely changed the situation of the war of protection of the country, so that the war of protection of the country changed from passive to initiative. Not only did the military defeat the Beiyang Army, but also politically affected all parts of the country. Ask Yuan Sports.

In this battle, Zhu De was firm and persistent, chopped the flag, and he always stood at the forefront with less winning. As soon as the enemy troops saw a red hat, Gao Qing embroidered with the "Zhu" army flag, and fled the wind. Zhu De's name has since become powerful and has become a well -known "guardian of the country."

Point soldiers (video source: People's Daily)

Nanchang Uprising retains the fire species of Hiroki Okiraka

Nanchang Uprising (oil painting)

On August 1, 1927, according to the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, under the leadership of the former enemy committee of Zhou Enlai as the secretary, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng and others led more than 20,000 Northern Expeditions at the time to hold an armed uprising in Nanchang. However, under the joint siege of the counter -revolutionary forces, the Nanchang Uprising forces were frustrated. After the troops entered Changting, the former committee developed in accordance with the situation and made the deployment in the Sanheba soldiers in Tai Po: Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng, etc., to start to Chaozhou and Shantou; There were more than 4,000 divisions and the Ninth Army Education Corps. According to Sanheba, the main force was south.

At the beginning of October, the battle of Sanheba started, and Zhu De led a three -day and three -night blood battle with his five times with his own enemy. But when Zhu De took the rest of the time to rush to Rao Ping Maozhi, Guangdong, he learned that the troops had failed in Chaoshan. This is really a thunderbolt. What should I do if the 2000 came from Sanheba? Where do you go? Many people are at a loss and advocate scattering. At this time, Zhu De reflected amazing perseverance and anger, showing a strong party spirit and revolutionary will, and at a critical moment, he shoulder the heavy responsibility of preserving the revolutionary fire. Zhu De said to the leaders of Chen Yi and Li Shuoxun: "The current key issue is to be urgent to summarize experience and lessons in failure, to be trained, so as to facilitate the fight in the future. Therefore, we must do a hard political mobilization The spiritual appearance of the officers and soldiers cheered up. "That night, the party and group associations, backbone meetings, and class committees were held one after another. The troops appeared in a new situation of rising rising. Most people were willing to obey the commander Zhu Jun and follow the party. Zhu De hosted the "Maozhi Conference" of cadres above the regiment at the Maozhichi School of Rao Ping County. He pointed out: "Although the main force failed in Chaoshan, the Communist Party of China was still there, and the revolutionary armed struggle continued. We still have a complete team of more than 2,000 divisions. The seeds of the Nanchang Uprising are retained and the revolution is carried out to the end. "At the" Maozhi Conference ", Zhu De made a strategic decision to" hide the north, go through Shanxi, go straight to the south of Hunan "based on the situation. In late October, the troops entered Jiangnan and began the famous "Gannan Three Trels". In Tianxinyu, Anyuan County, Jiangxi, Zhu De said at all soldiers: "Everyone must see the future of the revolution. The Chinese revolution in 1927 is like the Russian revolution in 1905. After the failure of the Russian Revolution in 1905, it was dark. , But Darkness is temporary. By 1917, the revolution was finally successful. The Chinese revolution has failed now, and it is also dark, but darkness is also temporary. China will also have a '1917 ". There is a way to revolution. You should believe this. "

Later, in Da Yu, there were only 50 or 60 members of the Communist Party of China, and the specific situation of the number of party members was less than one -tenth of the number of people. Party and league members have registered, adjusted the party and league organizations, established the party branch, and selected some outstanding party members to go to the grassroots to serve as the instructor, thereby achieving the party's comprehensive leadership of the army.

In Shangbao, Zhu De conducted disciplinary rectification and military training for the troops. In response to the problem of a small number of people who have been full of funds and seizures, it is clear that only the right to confiscate the property, fundraising, and acquired by the confiscation of the committee. He raised new tactical issues, mainly how to change from a big battle to a small battle, and began a transformation from a regular battle to a guerrilla war. The main form of the Chinese revolutionary war was "the guerrilla war of farmers", emphasizing the Chinese revolution. It is necessary to move forward.

Through the "Maozhi Conference", especially "Gannan Three Trins", the revolutionary fire species was retained, and the revolutionary confidence was firm. In order to make the troops get rid of the predicament, in the cooperation with Fan Shisheng, Zhu De still insisted on putting the party's leadership to the army first, and proposed to Fan's three principles of our army's independence, political autonomy, and military freedom. "We are the team of the Communist Party. When the party transferred us, when will we go?" After that, we achieved the victory of the "Xiangnan Riot" and achieved the "Zhu Mao" victory of the Jinggangshan "Zhu Mao" victory. Armed -the Fourth Army of the Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army was later renamed the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army. Since then, the Chinese revolution has begun new development.

The Ruijin Red Army in the Soviet Area has the Army Festival

Jiangxi Ruijin Chinese Soviet Government Site

In June 1933, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission suggested to the temporary central government of the Chinese Soviet Republic to set up a commemorative day for the Nanchang Uprising Day on August 1st for the Red Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants. The interim central government approved the decision with Mao Zedong as the chairman and decided to carry out the activities of supporting the army during the establishment of the Red Army.

On June 30, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued the "August 1st" in the "August 1st" of the Chinese Workers and Peasants' Red Army. Riot, this riot is the beginning of the anti -emperor's land revolution and the source of the heroic workers and peasants. During the hard war of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army over the years, it broke the Empire Kuomintang's previous offensive and shaken the rule of the imperialist Kuomintang in China. , It has become one of the basic leverage of the revolution and the organizer of the struggle of the Chinese Revolutionary Revolution. It is the main force of the National Revolutionary War. In order to commemorate the establishment of the Nanchang riots and the Red Army, this committee has been specific since 1933 years. Each August 1st is a commemorative day for the Chinese Workers and Peasants' Red Army. "

On August 1, 1933, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission held a military parade, oath, seal, and flag -granting ceremony in Ruijin to commemorate the "August 1st" festival. Zhu De, chairman of the parade, Zhu De, chairman of the China Revolutionary Military Commission, commander of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army, and Zhou Enlai, Chief Political Commissioner. At 17:00 on the same day, the parade, representatives of non -receiving troops, directly -owned teams, and visitors were entered. At 17:30, in the welcoming song of the military band, the chief of the parade and the chief of the companion entered the venue. At 17:35, Zhu De and Zhou Enlai, accompanied by the head of the reading, reviewed the troops of the review in turn. At 17:45, Zhu De hosted an oath. All officers and soldiers vowed uniformly: "We are the sons of workers and peasants, and I am willing to be the Red Army to complete the glorious task that the Soviet Union has given us and fight for the liberation of workers and peasants to the end. We are red soldiers. All the laws and decree, use their own thoughts and actions to model, and strive to learn the interests of politics, military, and caring workers and their own arms, so that it will not be lost and stolen. We are Soviet pillar stones. Revolutionary war, implement the land revolution, overthrow the Kuomintang, protect the Soviet Union, defeat imperialism, strive for the liberation of China, and protect the Soviets to complete the revolution, fight for the future of socialism ... "Then, Zhu De read the Chinese Revolutionary Military Commission's orders to grant Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Peng Dehuai Waiting for the "August 1st" Red Star Medal; awarded the "Bayi" Red Star Medal of Wang Jiaxiang, Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Zhang Yunyi, Luo Binghui, Luo Ruiqing, Peng Xuefeng, etc.; Red Star Medal. Later, the flag was held, and each regiment was awarded each regiment. Each group represented 1 representative and two flags. The military band played, the red 2, red 5, red 37, and red 40 regiments in the military band were in the order, with the company as the team, and the guns were noticed. They held up the flags and took the various equipment seized from the Kuomintang army, and accepted the review by Commander Zhu De and General Political Commissar of Zhou Enlai, and gave the people of the Soviet District a great encouragement. The Chinese Workers and Peasants' Red Army first grandly commemorated their own Army Festival in Ruijin, and the establishment of the system was awarded the flag. In 1937, the Anti -Japanese War broke out, and the Communist Party of China cooperated again, and the Communist Party of China became the mainstay. The Red Army was adapted into the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army.

After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Kuomintang tore the peaceful negotiation agreement, and the people's revolutionary armed forces led by the Communist Party of China were uniformly adapted to the "Chinese People's Liberation Army".

From March 5th to 13th, 1949, the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Party was held in Xibaipo. The meeting passed the "Resolution on the Flag" on the last day: "The flag of the Chinese People's Liberation Army should be a red background, add five stars, and add the word" August 1 "."

On June 15, 1949, the preparatory committee of the New Political Consultative Conference was held in Beijing. At this conference, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, and Peng Dehuai, the chairman of the Chinese People's Revolutionary Military Commission, The order of the People's Liberation Army's Army Banner Baseball ". The command pointed out:" ... The flag is red, the top of the pentagram, and the word "eight -one", indicating that the Chinese People's Liberation Army has been struggling for a long time since the Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927, , With its splendid starlight, it takes the whole country. "

On June 15, 1949, the Standing Committee of the New CPPCC Preparatory Association took a group photo in Zhongnanhai

About the Author

Liu Jian, grandchildren of Zhu De, Major General, Member of the Twelfth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, vice president of the China Yan'an Spirit Research Association, consultant of Zhu De of the Chinese CPC Document Research Association, and former deputy dean of the School of Equipment of the People's Liberation Army.

Guan Yan, the son of the witness management of the Zhu De war years, the director of the Chinese CPC Document Research Association Zhu De Thought Study Branch, a former political commissar and a large school.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Text/Figure: Liu Jian is strict

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