In 15 years, Taihu Lake becomes more and more "young": water quality jumped to Class III for the first time

"In the first half of the year, the water quality of Taihu Wuxi has reached the III standard for the first time in 15 years, and various water quality indicators have reached the best level since 2007." Recently, the water quality "transcript" of Taihu Wuxi Water Water is released, which excites many people —— Fifteen years of governance, sweat has no flow.

On May 29, 2007, the outbreak of the "Taihu Candal Candal Water Crisis" shocked the whole country, 15 years ago. For 15 years, Taihu has changed quietly. Recently, with the consent of the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Natural Resources and other departments and other departments issued the "Overall Plan of the Water Environmental Governance of the Taihu Basin" (hereinafter referred to as the "Overall Plan"), which fully affirmed the achievements of the Governance and believed that since 2008 In the context of more than two times the total economic increase in the basin and the population increased by nearly 20 million, the comprehensive management of the water environment in Taihu Lake Basin has achieved significant results. The total amount of pollutants in the lake has been greatly reduced. Realize the goal of "two guarantees" ("ensure the safety of drinking water, and ensure that the water body of Taihu Lake does not have a large area of ​​water and black odor").

The corner of Wuxi Gonghu Bay Wetland Reserve

Suddenly looking back, Taihu Lake quietly changed

In the midsummer, Wuxi Gonghu Bay Wetland Reserve, birds and flowers swayed. The water surface of the Gonghu Bay is directly connected to Taihu, and its water quality is the "barometer" of Taihu Water. "In the past, the Gonghu Bay Wetland Reserve was not the case. There were 165 large and small fish ponds. There were many fishing boats selling fresh lakes along Taihu Lake. Lu Yaqi, the director of the museum, was so emotional. "In the past 15 years, in order to protect Taihu, Wuxi has made a blood out."

"This island people do not allow them to go up. This is a paradise left for animals and plants." In the Popular Popular Pavilion, Lu Yaqi pointed at the island not far away and said that urban wetland should take into account the needs of people and animals and plants, and in the Gonghu Bay Wetland Project project At the beginning of the design, we paid attention to leaving white. The sightseeing path of sightseeing was far from the island. No one was disturbed, and the birds were settled.

In Wuxi, the reporter interviewed along Taihu Lake and found that there were parks everywhere, full of green eyes. Wuxi Daxi Port Wetland Park has 7.8 kilometers of Taihu Shore. "It's rare to see!" This summer, Wuxi Bird Gimva Su Tao took the national first -class protection of wildlife yellow -mouth egrets in Daxitang Wetland. This is also the first time Wuxi has shot yellow -mouth eggienomes. With the improvement of the water quality of Taihu Lake, the number of birds flying over, Daxitang Wetland recorded a total of 150 birds, accounting for 33.6%of the total number of birds in Jiangsu.

The corner of Wuxi Gonghu Bay Wetland Reserve

From Wuxi to the Suzhou Bay of Dong Taihu, it is also a blue waves, water and sky. In recent years, Taihu has been "changing". Jiang Jianrong, director of the Infrastructure Division of the Water Affairs Bureau of Wujiang District, Suzhou City, is deeply touched. In 2008, the comprehensive management project of the Taihu Basin of the State Council — the comprehensive rectification project of Dong Taihu Lake was fully launched. Jiang Jianrong was transferred to Dong Taihu comprehensive rectification and construction headquarters. "At that time, Dong Tai Lake was full of dense fence and reclamation farming fields. The lake was dark and exuding a smell. The middle channel was only 10 meters wide. Beginning the year, Dong Taihu has implemented the fishing and returning lakes, reclaiming lakes, ecological dredging, and restoration of the embankment.

Lake Lake is located upstream of Taihu Lake and is an important ecological barrier in Taihu Lake. In the launch area of ​​the second phase of Lake Lake (Wujin), the lake is sparkling and small fish in the water. "It turned out to be fish ponds, farmland, and guardians, and now all retreat to the land to return the lake." According to Wan Le Ping, a member of the Water Conservancy Management Section of Water Conservancy Bureau of Wujin District, Changzhou City, the Lake Lake (Wujin) retired to the field to return the lake second phase and nearby near the lake The shore water ecological restoration project has retired from the field to return to the lake 20 square kilometers, and the water ecological restoration of 0.8 square kilometers of the startup area is completed. This year, I continued to start the implementation of the high -tech and 2.4 square kilometers of the Gaoxin and Jiaze area to return to the lake.

More than 200 billion yuan, replace it back to "Green Water Green Mountain"

The outbreak of Taihu Lake in 2007 became the "pain" of Jiangsu on the way to develop. Subsequently, Jiangsu insisted on treating Taihu Governance as the iconic project of ecological civilization construction. It has unprecedented determination and strength to resolutely fight the tackling of Taihu Governance.

Since 2007, Jiangsu Province has invested 32 billion yuan in special funds for the Governance of Pacific, driving more than 200 billion yuan in financial and social investment at all levels, and implemented more than 7,000 key projects to effectively promote the improvement of water quality in the basin. "If you are willing to" Jinshan Yinshan ", you can replace it back to the" Green Water Green Mountain "." Liu Chaoyang, director of Taihu Lake, Taihu Lake, the Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment.

Data is the best evidence. In 2021, with the rapid growth of the watershed economy, the water quality of Taihu Lake reached category IV, and the concentration of total phosphorus and total nitrogen decreased by 42.6%and 60.9%respectively compared with 2007.

The corner of Wuxi Daxi Port Wetland Park

Looking back at the past, in the past 15 years, Taihu Governance mainly seized these five "key "-

Resolutely carry out political responsibility. The high -level deployment was promoted. The provincial leaders attached great importance to the governance of Taihu Lake and went to the front -line survey of Taihu Lake. They made important instructions on Taihu Governance many times.

Adhere to the "two guarantees" bottom line. Revised the "Emergency Plan for the Outstation of Lake in the Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province", and the start time of Taihu Safety Summer Emergency Prevention and Control Starts 1 month to March 1st, winning the initiative for the prevention and control of cyanobacteria. Ensure the safety of water supply, and the cities with Taihu Lake fully realize the dual -source water supply, and the 50 tap water plants in the Taihu Lake Basin achieve a full coverage of in -depth treatment. Adhere to the exogenous internal source and co -governance. The inspection and rectification of the Taihu Lake Basin was inspected as a "cow nose", and the 163 backbone river channels and 106 lakes were investigated. It was found that the sewage outlet was 21,400, and it was rectified one by one. In terms of endogenous governance, a total of 43 million cubic meters have been dredged since 2007, and 21 million tons of cyanobacteria is salvaged.

Firm the concept of green development. The total volume of pollutants from the root of the root, vigorously promoting the optimization layout and upgrading of the chemical steel coal power industry in Taihu Lake Basin. During the "Thirteenth Five -Year Plan" period, 41,000 "scattered dirty" enterprises were banned according to law, 1673 were closed and withdrawn from chemical enterprises.

Strengthen the joint control and control of regional water environmental governance. Co -formulated the "Cooperation Cooperation Agreement for the Joint Prevention and Control of Surreal Pollution Incidents in the Yangtze River Delta Cross -province" with neighboring provinces and cities. Our province uses the Tai Pu River as a pilot of the construction of the "water environment safety buffer system" to refine information notification, emergency duty, and joint investigation mechanism.

In order to make the mother lake reproduce the vitality, Jiangsu people are aggressive and continue to innovate the mechanism-

Since 2008, the river length system has been implemented in Taihu Lake Basin. Regulations on pollution prevention and control; the provincial government established the Taihu Water Pollution Prevention Expert Committee to provide technical support for the comprehensive decision -making of Taihu Governance; Jiangsu introduced the special fund management measures for the comprehensive management of water environment in Taihu Basin. Among the three water channels of rivers and upstream, one new river is added to the national and provincial control goals, and a one -time award is 10 million yuan.

The pearl is new, but they are no longer young

In order to allow Taihu Jiangnan Pearl to reproduce the beautiful scenery as soon as possible, in 15 years, Jiangsu has mobilized 5 cities and 28 districts and counties to directly engage in the work of more than 10,000 people.

Wuxi is the "main battlefield" of Taihu Governance. Article 15 in Jiangsu has 13 main entry and out of the lake rivers in Wuxi. Wuxi's dredging accounts for 70 % of the province, and the salvage volume of cyanobacteria accounted for 90 % of the province. "In 15 years, Wuxi invested more than 100 billion yuan, and the water quality of Taihu Wuxi rose to Class III in the first half of this year. It means that Taihu Water Ecology has another step.

Luo Qingji, 47, has been engaged in Taihu Governance for more than 20 years. When the launch of the Taihu Lake in 2007, he worked for more than 50 days in a row. "Every year, during the safety of Taihu Lake, it is the busiest during the summer. Sometimes I live in the unit. The family jokes and said," You want to go home often to see '. "In the past 20 years, Luo Qingji has become a" living map "in Wuxi Water system. He Almost all over the city's river, lakes, swing, and stuns. The area, length, width, flow, flow, and water level of 5635 rivers, 35 lakes and 19 reservoirs in the city are in his heart. In the past five years, he ran 100,000 kilometers around Taihu Lake. Every time the driver heard that he had to fill the scene at the scene.

Faced with the pollution of cyanosaus, accurate and comprehensive algae database is the key to monitoring. Zhang Junyi is the chief of the Ecological Monitoring Section of the Wuxi Environmental Monitoring Center in Jiangsu Province. For 10 years, he has compiled 321,000 pictures of algae in the Taihu Lake Basin to accumulate valuable data for monitoring. "In the summer of 2020, we increased the frequency of monitoring of Taihu Lake. There were at least 15 samples of algae encryption analysis every day. Each sample was 3 hours. People were nervous, everyone was tired, but the effect was obvious." Zhang Junyi recalled that on the basis of the establishment of the algae form database, the team successfully developed the "algae artificial intelligence analysis system". The system can shorten the analysis time of each sample from 3 hours to 10 minutes. At present, the system has been applied in many places in Jiangsu in Jiangsu. Essence

The change of Taihu, Qin Boqiang, a researcher at the Institute of Geography and Lakes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is the best witness. He has been studying in Wuxi Du Wutang Gate for more than 20 years. He has led the team's recovery path for the degradation of lake richness control and the degradation of lake ecosystems proposed by the team, becoming the leading theory of the country's richest lake in the country.

"From 2007 to the present, the water quality of Taihu has achieved stability and improvement, which is very difficult." Qin Boqiang said that for so many years, Jiangsu Governance has invested hugely. Take sewage treatment as an example. More than %, in 2008, the sewage treatment capacity of the Taihu Lake Basin in Jiangsu was only more than 3 million tons/day, and now it is more than 8 million tons/day.

Taihu governance still takes a long time to do it

Under the careful care, the once -dust Taihu Lake is now more and more beautiful and more and more "young". However, the "inflection point" of the quality of the ecological environment of Taihu Lake has not yet arrived-

The Taihu Basin has a large population and intensive industries. The total amount of pollution emissions is still greater than the environmental capacity. The road to emission reduction is still long -term; the algae -shaped habitat of the lake has not fundamentally changed, and the possibility of a large area of ​​cyanobacteria gathered or even the lake still exists. In contrast to the functional positioning of Taihu Lake, "the important ecological support of the high -quality development of the Yangtze River Delta, the important carrier of water safety guarantee in the Yangtze River Delta region, and the benchmark of the nation's lake governance", Taihu Governance is still very arduous. "Shallow water lake treatment is a worldwide problem." Qin Boqiang told reporters that Taihu is a shallow water -shaped lake with an average water depth of less than two meters. Once there is wind and waves, it is easy to release the phosphorus in the bottom mud. The phosphorus produces interaction and causes the epidemic. The main growth of the cyanobacteria is on the lake and requires photosynthesis. If the water depth of the Taihu Lake is more than ten meters, then even if there are the same phosphorus in the lake water, it is difficult to explore the cyanobacteria water. The governance of the lake is not a day. Japan's Xiapu Lake is also a shallow water -shaped lake. It has achieved results in more than 30 years.

The "Overall Plan" proposes that by 2025, the pollutants entering the river and lakes have been greatly reduced, and the concentration of major pollutants such as total phosphorus will generally decline. By 2035, the discharge of pollutants in the Taihu Lake Basin will be effectively controlled, and the dynamic balance between the pollution load and the water environment capacity of the Taihu Lake will be basically achieved.

In this regard, Qin Boqiang believes that the total amount of total nitrogen and phosphorus that Taihu entering the water every year still exceeds Taihu's own ability to consumption. At the same time, economic development is still high. At present, although the sewage treatment plant in the Taihu Lake Basin adopts a relatively high level of A emission standards, the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the discharged water is still much higher than the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of Taihu water body. The economy of Taihu Basin is developed, and it is recommended to test the further bidding and transformation of the sewage treatment plant first. In addition, the pollution surface of rural facial sources is wide and difficult to collect, and more ecological wetlands need to be constructed to reduce pollutants entering the lake.

"Taihu Governance is a long -term, arduous and complex process." Liu Chaoyang said that the next step will conscientiously implement the "Overall Plan", implement the development strategies of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the integrated development strategy of the Yangtze River Delta, and the new round of Taihu governance measures. Instead of controlling the source of the source, keeping an eye on the reaches of the areas not relaxing, paying close attention to the emergency prevention and controlling unclear, solidly promoting the management of Taihu Lake, and promoting the continuous improvement of the water quality in the basin and the continuous improvement of the ecology.

Xinhua Daily · Jiaojiao Reporter Xu Haiyanwen/Photo

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