Tibetan science popularization ｜ We sprayed the "fragrant girlfriend" of "Sleeping Beauty on the Sea".

Author: Meng Miao Miao (Guangzhou Ocean Geological Survey) Zhang Yin (China Geological Survey Bureau of Natural Resources) Source: "Knowledge is Power" magazine

The deep blue ocean is not only the cradle of life, but also contains human treasures of human unknown and undeveloped energy. In the background of traditional coal and oil energy security facing huge challenges, how to make emerging energy represented by combustible ice is stable, continuous and clean to use human beings? Next, let us walk into the world of "Beauty of the Underwater" together.

Data chart (source: CCTV News)

"Sleep Beauty" apartment -China South China Sea God Fox Sea

On March 26, 2020, the second round of flammable ice in China ’s flammable ice was successfully used in China’ s South China Sea Shenhu waters with a depth of 1225 meters, creating two world records of total gas production and average daily gas production. It is the first round. The total amount of land of 60 is 2.8 times. China has also become the world's first country to use horizontal drilling and mining technology to trial the waters of combustible ice, which has achieved a major leap from "exploration" to "experimental trial".

The South China Sea Shenfu Sea is located near the southeast of Shenhu Darksha. At present, the flammable ice proven in China is mainly distributed in the permanent frozen soil zone (the frozen soil area of ​​Qinghai and Tibet) and the bottom of the sea (the South China Sea). Shenhu is the name of a sea area. This sea area is located in the northern part of the South China Sea. It is located in the land slope of the mainland to the deep sea (near the southeast of the Shenhu Darksha). The reservoir of the natural gas hydrochties (combustible ice) of the South China Sea is a mud powder sand layer. This type of resource volume accounts for more than 90%of the world, which is the main storage type in China. It has the characteristics of deeper water depth, shallow burial, worse permeability, lower saturation, and thinner particles. It is the most difficult type of natural gas water compounds in the world.

Sight up the "Xiangnou" trilogy

Because methane is a more efficient greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide, it is prone to irresistible decomposition during combustible ice testing, leading to methane leakage, causing geological disasters such as the bottom of the sea floor, and even the leakage of methane to the ocean or atmosphere, which causes environmental problems. Can it be able to detect it safely? 1. Underwater earthquake exploration technology. Its principle is based on the propagation route and time of artificial earthquake waves in the underground rock formation to detect the depth and shape of the rock layer interface, and understand the geological structure and then find the flammable ice mine. The advantage of earthquake exploration technology is that large -scale exploration can be achieved to determine the combustible ice distribution area and characteristics.

Significant diagram of the underwater earthquake exploration technology (Figure: Guangzhou Ocean Geological Survey Bureau) 2. Multi -wave measurement technology for the "three -dimensional color B -ultrasound" for the ocean. This kind of acoustic remote test can clearly detect the bubble -like flowing flow formed by methane leakage into the seawater, which plays an important role in discovering methane leakage and predicting combustible ice. 3. "Bloody -sea" out -of -sea detection technology for the bottom of the sea. Including submarine cameras and deep -sea remote control submersible (ROV). In addition to the camera function, ROV can also collect seawater samples and measure marine temperature, salinity, and depth through devices such as gravity samplers, deep -sea light diamonds, cylindrical samples and drag net devices.

Silent diagram of near -sea detection equipment

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