The last manuscript of Dalian's "Father of Tram": More than 4,000 words do not endure half -century tram love

"After my wife's illness, I explained two things. One was to donate the historical materials of Dalian tram to Dalian Public Transport Group, and the other was to help him organize the past of the memory of the tram in memory and told Dalian citizens ... ... "

In October last year, Jiang Suqing, the wife of Chen Peifeng, "father of tram", donated his half -lifetime historical materials to Dalian Public Transport Group. On July 25 this year, Jiang Suqing showed reporters to reporters Chen Peifeng's manuscript- "There is no record in history. "Tram Past". Although 5 months have passed since the death of Chen Peifeng, more than 4,000 words of articles, and Jiang Suqing's full of affection, revealing the deep feelings of the old couple on trams, and the hopes of protecting and inheriting the urban context.

The little -known "big wooden cages" and "multiplied tram"

On October 1, 1951, the first rail tram independent R & D and manufacturing in New China was born in Dalian. The designer of this 1001 -type tram is Chen Peifeng, so he is known as the "father of tram" in Dalian. Since entering the work of Dalian Transportation Corporation in 1947, Chen Peifeng and the tram have formed more than half a century. In 2021, the 91 -year -old Chen Peifeng was seriously ill. His family contacted Dalian Bus Group to donate important information about the development of Dalian rail trams for many years to Dalian Bus Group, hoping to give more people a chance Learn about the city history of Dalian. In February 2022, the elderly Chen Peifeng died, and his wife Jiang Suqing began to sort out the manuscripts he left, looking forward to the opportunity to tell more people in the memory of the old people in Chen Peifeng, so that more people can understand the development of Dalian tram Change and protect the urban culture.

For those who understand the Dalian rail tram, the birth story of the type 1001 tram has been familiar. What is the tram before the birth of the 1001 tram? The old man Chen Peifeng introduced it in detail in the manuscript.

In 1909, the first tram line in Dalian was opened to traffic between the dock and the original zoo. At that time, the vehicle was purchased from the United States from the United States. The chassis of the vehicle was made in Britain. Electric equipment included motors and controllers were made in Germany. "". There is no door fan on the door, just hang it on the door frame on both sides as a safety facility with a iron chain. In addition, the tram between 1909 and 1951 has no driver seats, and the driver can only stand on the car. In 1951, the type 1001 tram was born. For the first time, the driver's seats and flight attendants were designed and installed, which greatly improved the labor conditions of the passengers.

Elderly Chen Peifeng also pointed out in the manuscript: In the 1940s, a special tram has appeared in our city, which was called "Calm California" at that time. Around 1950, Chen Peifeng discovered a vehicle arrangement diagram while looking through the vehicle technical information left over from the Japanese pseudo -Japanese puppet period. The two ends of this model are the driver's room with convertibles in the middle. There are two coffee tables in the car. Each tea table is four seats, which can accommodate 8 people. Passengers can drink tea while sightseeing. This kind of tourist tram was enjoyed by the Japanese and powerful people at the time. He found that this kind of vehicle layout has found an old employee who worked in the company before liberation, and they confirmed that there was indeed such sightseeing trams in the past. After liberation, there were two trucks in the real vehicle in the transportation company, which was the renovation of sightseeing trams at that time.

Freight trams designed for transportation glass

In the 56 -year -old age, Chen Peifeng participated in and hosted more than 30 vehicles, including rail trams, trackless trams and buses. Among them, he hosted the first hinged tram of China, the DL-621 tram who has been designed to board the British "Modern Tram" magazine. Because the car passenger capacity reaches 300 people, people who wait for the car can be installed, and they are called "sweeping the light", which contributes to solving the difficulty of Dalian's ride.

In fact, in order to serve the production life, Chen Peifeng also boldly transformed the tram, such as "mother and child tram". In the early 1950s, it was during the recovery of my country's national economy. The amount is constantly rising, especially women's hugging children's ride to get off work. In order to solve the problem of their difficulty in ride, the tram factory fixed the two non -power trailers left before liberation. A dynamic dragging group was made with two power performances. The trailer behind it was dedicated to women holding children. This trailer can only run one -way in the direction of Jiefang Plaza to Zhongshan Square at that time, and can only run a round trip at the peak time in the morning and evening. If you need to run two round trips, the drag trailer needs to enter the library library. "At that time, the maternity leave was only 56 days, and the women held a lot of children to work. They were crowded in the morning and evening, and there were no conditions for setting up a maternal and child sitting, so they came up with such a way to alleviate the problem of women's ride." Jiang Suqing said.

Around 1955, it was during the first five -year plan. The glass output of Dalian Glass Factory continued to increase, but the exits and foreign transportation of glass became a problem. At that time, my country's automobile production was still blank, and the transportation industry could not meet the needs of industrial and agricultural production. Can you send it with a tram? The municipal government gave this task to Dalian Tram Corporation. At that time, considering the from glass factories to the dock, we can make full use of the tram line network of Yangtze River Road and Renmin Road. After repeated research, a difference is set up on the Yangtze River Road and the United Road Road Exit. There is a tram line network connecting the glass factory and the dock. Two different ways were tried to use the old pieces to assemble it, and the transformation tasks of transportation vehicles were handed over to Chen Peifeng. At that time, a large amount of shock -proof straw was sandwiched in the box of glass. The sparks from the electric bow and the overhead line fell into the box to cause fire. To this end, Chen Peifeng designed the dual contact line and dragged on the electricity method to avoid the sparks that might produce the glass factory warehouse. "Set up two switches. When the tram is passed through the warehouse, it is passed by the pulley. This will not produce a spark. Wait for the warehouse to push the door, and there will be electricity." Jiang Suqing explained that at the same time, the original two were the original two units. The tent -free tram is transformed, and the tent is installed to avoid the sparks falling on the box, which ensures the safety of glass transportation.

A praise helps to keep tram from tram

Prior to the 1950s, cities around the world have developed greatly, and cities' passenger transport and transportation trams have played a leading role. Nine cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Dalian have trams. By the 1960s, with the development of the automotive industry, some countries such as Britain and the United States demolished tram have been demolished to replace urban passenger transportation by bus.

Under the influence of this trend, my country also set off a climax of "cutting trams". Around 1977, Dalian demolished trams of many major lines in the urban area. Dalian no tram was no longer planned before 1980. Regarding the rails that appeared at the time, Chen Peifeng put forward a number of opinions to retain trains through repeated investigations, which attracted widespread attention in the national bus system. “那个时候就是一天到晚东奔西跑，通过各个渠道反映有轨电车对大连市的作用、意义。这是大连市一个文化符号啊。”姜素卿说，就在陈培凤为了保留电车到处奔走时， The turnaround appeared.

In 1978, the Prime Minister of Romanian came to my country for visit and visited Dalian. When the Prime Minister Romanian saw the Ding Ding -Ding Ding Tram on Dalian Street, he highly praised the leaders of Dalian City very visionary and retained the civilization history of cities tram. The praise of the Romanian Prime Minister, and the deep feelings of the people of Dalian City on trams, changed the decision -making of Dalian leaders. From the sorted black rock reef to Xinggong District section, Shahekou Station to Dalian Station, and the three lines from Dalian Station to Si'ergou section have been retained, and according to foreign experience, from the 1980 The lines and vehicles are included in the scientific and technological planning, organized a certain amount of scientific and technological forces, and carried out research on modern light rail transportation systems, which made Dalian urban rail transit in new leap development. Today, trams in Route 201 and 202 still shuttle in cities.

In 1992, Chen Peifeng retired from the position of the chief engineer of the tram company, and continued to participate in the construction of rail transit as a technical consultant. "My wife is not only a witness to the development of trams, but also participants and practitioners." Jiang Suqing said that even during the illness, Chen Peifeng still insisted on completing the final manuscript of his life according to his work notes- "The past of tram", "My wife said, there are many related reports on the history of the development of tram in Dalian, but some past events are worthy of letting citizens know. I hope people will not forget the history and development process of Dalian rail trams." Peninsula Morning Post, 39 -degree video reporter Huang Fengtong Photography reporter Sun Zhenfang

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