How to help the elderly in the digital age "old -fashioned"

How to help the elderly in the digital age "old and peaceful" -Do -Internet aging renovation survey

Medical staff of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology instructed elderly patients to use Internet hospital application services. Photo Chen Bin/Guangming Picture

The "Silver Age Smart Class" in the Pearl Community of Xintian Street, Dongyingdian, Shandong. Song Xinggang Photo/Light Picture

Obstacles to the operation level of the old man

The reliance of the elderly to the Internet

In Suqian, Jiangsu, the elderly are communicating with smartphones. Xu Changliang Photo/Guangming Picture

In the Xinghai Community of Hai'an Street, Nantong, Jiangsu, volunteers explain to the elderly how to use smartphones. Guangming Picture/Vision China

Editor

As of December 2021, the size of an elderly netizens 60 and above in my country reached 119 million, and the Internet penetration rate of the Internet of 60 and above reached 43.2%. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology launched the "Special Action for Internet Application and Reconstruction of Narcissus" from January 2021. The first batch of websites and software covering various aspects and software covering news, social networking, shopping, and tourism for adaptive and barrier -free transformation. In the same year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Mobile Internet Application (APP) Settlement Specifications for Aging", which clarified that mobile applications took into account the use scenarios and display effects while using UI (user interface) and other communication standards. In this context, Guangming Daily and the research team of the Central University for Nationality University adopted an online and offline combination to conduct a questionnaire survey of nearly 500 elderly people, and the development, design and public welfare department of the Internet companies with Internet use experience, and Internet companies with experience in the Internet use experience. The staff launched an interview to understand the outstanding difficulties encountered in the use of the Internet in the use of the Internet, and on the basis of this, they proposed to help the elderly pass through the "digital gap".

Status: In the torrent of the Internet, what are the elderly experienced by the elderly

"Smart mobile phones are good, that is, many functions do not understand." "When using the 26 -key input method, my fingers are thick, and often press two." Don't you have to ask you for money? "" If you are not careful, you will click on the advertisement, it's not easy to close "...

In the survey, when asked about the cognition and use of the elderly model, only 1.18%of the respondents said "very well, always use", and 13.24%of the respondents said "more familiar and often used."

Physiological disorders: sensory aging brings difficulties to the elderly into the Internet

The Internet era is an era of human -computer interaction. Visual, hearing, and touch are particularly important in the process of accessing the Internet, and the aging of the elderly and the senses of the elderly has laid a foreshadowing for their "touch of the Internet". In the survey, 67.5%and 58.3%of the elderly in terms of vision believe that the font size and word spacing of the Internet do not meet their physiological conditions, and it is difficult to see the text. In terms of hearing Too small, the prompt is too short; during the interview process, there are also many elderly people mentioning that the use of smartphone touch screen operations is too sensitive. A respondent (73 years old) said that "smartphones are very easy to press wrong, and they need to answer the phone. 'Treating it ". Behind the failure of vision, hearing, and touch -sensitive interaction, the gap between the elderly to access the Internet, and the "prelude" for the elderly group to be forced to break away from the Internet society.

Masked thinking: Complex operation, too fast update to become the "block tiger" for the elderly to enter the Internet

A large Internet company developers said that the UI icons and interaction logic of smartphones are actually not in line with the thinking of the elderly. Many elderly people cannot see the picture in front of the minimalist icon, and it is difficult to understand the smartphone At present, general operation gestures; icons and operating logic that young people are accustomed to them are constantly bringing problems to the elderly and weakening their willingness to touch the network. As the main interface to access the Internet at the moment, smart phones are competing for iteration and renovation of various types of mobile phones. When the light people traveled in the trendy function, the elderly were rejected by complex crowded icons and high -frequency conversion interface interfaces. Outside the door.

In the survey, the software updates frequently, unintentionally jumping to the new page, and the three types of information on the three types of pop -up information can be brought to more than 60%of the elderly. He said that "if you care about it, you will click on the content of advertising, and it is difficult to turn off." In addition, it also learned in the survey that some elderly people still have low literacy rates and low education levels, and they are difficult to identify interface content in the process of accessing the Internet. The elderly are difficult to adapt in the rapid Internet environment. Any new features and flexible interface conversion may cause their "loss" in the Internet and become a way to block them.

Psychological discomfort: Cross -mesh disorder and help behavior cause psychological burden on the elderly

The survey found that many elderly people have very low initiative in the process of accessing the Internet. 47.75%of the elderly have clearly stated that they are not willing to learn new application software, and many respondents also refuse to contact the "non -necessary" software. The reason is that it is difficult for them to solve the problems encountered smoothly when they go online. The survey shows that 15.37%of the elderly will give up directly when they encounter difficulties, and 20.57%of the elderly choose to find solutions themselves. These obstacles to the network continuously accumulate, which eventually triggers the psychology of the elderly in conflict with the Internet. In addition, the help of the elderly when they encounter difficulties will also cause them to have psychological discomfort and constantly reduce their self -efficacy. 46.57%of the elderly said The Internet use of the elderly brings a dual psychological burden. Difficult to distinguish between false and false: fraud trap, rumor vortex bring psychological panic

The Internet environment has its own complexity, and it is often difficult to identify under various camouflage such as fraud trap and false information. In the survey, 47%of the elderly were worried about cyber fraud. A 70 -year -old interviewed old man said that "it is impossible to spend money on the Internet", and several interviewees who said they were not worried about online fraud also purchased I have "IQ Tax" products; "I don't put money in my mobile phone, so I don't worry about fraud." At the moment when mobile payment and online shopping prevail, the function of giving up electronic payment in order to prevent fraud and stay away from the Internet financial anxiety is also a embodiment that the elderly difficult to integrate into the Internet society.

Addiction anxiety: Internet addiction brings old health concerns

When discussing the aging of the Internet, few people noticed that the elderly groups were also facing the crisis of "addiction". From the results of the questionnaire, 59.57%of the elderly have a trend of Internet addiction. Among them, "very serious, dependence on mobile phones, and a greater impact on life" accounts for 2.84%. "8.27%," One thing, want to play mobile phones in free time "accounts for 48.46%. Several interviewed elderly said that they had formed a dependence on mobile phones. Some elderly people reported that frequent use of mobile phones to affect the health of the eyes and spine. Many elderly people have found their own interests in Internet functions such as "listening to books", "watching news" and "short video" of smartphones, but because of insufficient science popularization of relevant health knowledge and insufficient society, some elderly people are deeply trapped "success Addiction "quagmire.

Response: What is the current Internet aging transformation status

Government departments continue to improve the top -level design

In response to the trend of population aging in my country, government departments responded rapidly and actively, and successively introduced and continued to promote the implementation of a series of policies. In 2020, the General Office of the State Council issued the "Implementation Plan on Effectively Solving the Smart Technology Difficulties in the Elderly", focusing on high -frequency matters and service scenarios involving the elderly, and clearly proposed that "adhere to the combination of outstanding problems and formation of long -term mechanisms" Such important basic principles. In 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology carried out the "Special Action for Internet Application and Reconstruction of Narcissable Reconstruction". The key tasks include Internet websites and mobile Internet applications, aging aging and barrier -free transformation. "Notice of Action Implementation Work", for the first time, it clearly proposed the issue of "Internet Aging", requiring actively integrating new technologies to effectively promote the rich and diverse product and convenient service, and improve the popularization rate of Internet applications.

During the two sessions in 2022, many representative members proposed proposals and proposals related to digital aging aging of smart applications and smart terminals. The government work report also clearly states that it is necessary to promote the high -quality development of aging cause and industry. The government's planning for digital aging is involved from the principles of macro to specific details, showing the determination and clear thinking of to share the results of digital construction to the elderly groups.

Initial exploration of sensory aging transformation by Internet companies

Meituan, Alipay, Douyin and other popular APPs with more elderly users have launched the "Elderly Model" button, and Baidu launched a separate "Baidu Big Character Edition" and "Baidu Map Care Edition". The common characteristics of this type of aging transformation are the significantly increased fonts and icons. Many additional functions of the ordinary version have been cut, and the interface becomes more concise. The aging level has not yet reached the level of hearing, tactile or logical transformation.

"The average age of people doing product development is 30 to 40 years old, but another group of people over 60 years of age with an aging experience. People who solve the problem are not matched with those who understand the problem. The practitioners who have worked for many years said. How does technology research and development group truly understand and understand the high -dimensional needs of elderly groups? In this regard, the Internet practitioners introduced that at the beginning of product research and development, there was internal testing links. According to the feedback from the relatives of employees, the product was friendly to the elderly. It is currently a small -scale "advanced exploration" that can be realized in a small -scale.

"Elderly Model" network purification initial results

Pop -up advertisements, interface jumps for no reason, information flow advertisements, etc. will bring some difficulties to the elderly, and inducing the elderly to consume also face multiple risks. Therefore , Improve the network environment of the elderly, and maximize the confusion that external information such as advertising to the elderly. For example, the number of advertisements inserted by some elders has decreased significantly, and some directly removed the screen advertisement. In addition, the design of the caring version will control the density of information to reduce the burden of "information overload" of the elderly groups, and the review of the "elderly people" advertisements such as lighter spots and dental implants is also strengthening. R & D personnel believe that "reverse actions" that label to label, reduce distribution or make "doubtful content" prompts will also be the next plan for the elderly to "net net".

Dilemma: Where is the renovation of aging?

"Survey is suitable for aging" difficult to meet the needs of the elderly

The various perception organs of the elderly will gradually decline with their age, and their perception ability will gradually degenerate. The first manifestations are the decline in vision and hearing. The "Big Data Report of the Eye Diseases of Chinese Chinese" shows that among the aged 61-70 people, the abnormal rate of the bottom disease lesions is 21.39%, and among people over 70 years old, the abnormal rate is 25.61%. This puts forward higher requirements for the design of the mobile phone software page.

In addition, because the tactile sensitivity of the fingertips of the elderly will also decrease with age, the acceleration of the fine movements generated by the first -hand bone back muscles will also fluctuate, resulting in the accuracy of the accuracy of the fine movement control of the elderly's hand. Decrease, thereby having a deviation and inconvenience when using the mobile phone to touch the screen. Although many softwares have launched suitable versions at present, they have failed to further understand the real needs of the elderly. It is difficult for the existing "surface -layer aging" software to meet the diverse physiological needs of elderly groups.

Enterprise lacks internal driving force

When talking about the aging transformation and design of the product, "without profit" is the most words that the research team heard the interview with the Internet practitioners. The front -line developers of Internet companies said that for the development of Internet products, the elderly are positioned as the target group, designing product logic, creating development software, and using user testing is not a difficult thing, but due to the willingness to pay for the elderly groups Insufficient, the lack of a clear profit model for the elderly model, and other reasons, the company lacks the motivation for promotion.

Relevant policies do not require all products to be transformed. In addition, in the insufficient internal driving force, most enterprises will make some basic and simplified adjustments based on the mobile Internet applications issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, rather than according to their age, urban and rural areas, and urban and rural areas. There are various factors such as cultural levels and other factors for targeted and personalized reconstruction, and failed to carry out deep -level interactive logic in appropriate aging thinking and transformation.

Propaganda channels and voice quantity limited

In the survey, 38.77%of the elderly said that they had never heard of and had never used various mobile phone software "old people models". "I heard some, occasionally used" accounting for 46.81%. Although the employees of the Internet public welfare department in the interview believed that they had tried their best to "spread out" the publicity, only 5.91%of the elderly learned about the "elderly model" from science popularization channels such as the media and communities. Primary schools will recommend or have not received any channels. The intensity of promoting old information is still relatively limited, and the concept of numerals failed to be effectively popularized.

Outlook: Multi -party subjects jointly build the Internet suitable for the old environment

Digital good governance, the government promotes technical well -being and benefits the elderly

The most important promoter is still the government. First of all, more financial support should be provided for the renovation of aging. If you purchase digital products, provide digital education services, and improve information infrastructure, you can efficiently improve the digital literacy of the elderly; the use of tax reduction and fees, loan discounts and other financial instruments to support research and development of old -fashioned products can reduce their cost burden; at all levels at all levels; at all levels The government rewarding the old design with good the effects of rewarding and fast transformation, stimulating the enthusiasm of enterprises to carry out old -fashioned transformation, and significantly high -quality aging level from the supply side. The financial department also responds to specific investment for verification and performance evaluation to effectively protect the financial incentive benefits of digital aging.

Secondly, establish and improve the legal policy system with the digital rights of the elderly. To ensure that the most urgent digital needs of the elderly group can be realized in a timely manner, formulate the principle of institutionalization of digital resource allocation of the old -fashioned orientation; guide the enhancement of the Internet industry to enhance the consensus of aging and transformation by formulating standards. False information and privacy protection of the software carry out framework integration and red lines, and support the "clear nets" of the elderly groups.

At the same time, provide the "separation from the Internet" selection for the elderly group. In June of this year, Shanghai launched an offline service of "Suixing Code", and the elderly can apply for paper health code with ID cards. Similarly, offline service channels such as cash payment, manual guidance, and appointment on the spot should be fully retained and maintained. Lu Shiyu, the Tencent Research Institute, said at the 2021 Internet Conference: "We must admit that digital technology cannot be universal, and digitalization should become an option for the elderly, not a must -have." The offline space of the elderly should not be For compression and cancellation, the elderly in the digital age should still have more autonomy that advocates offline rights.

Worry about the old worries, the "silver -haired" economy needs to be developed urgently

People often see portraits of the two types of elderly people: one is to travel, shop, socialize with old friends through the Internet, and even become the elderly who have been sought after. Or the lonely crowd who got off the two -dimensional code on the bus and got out of the car. During the survey, the product manager of the Internet companies who had been in the industry for many years also said that the difference in the income level of the two elderly software she served was more significant, and the two types of elderly people's demand for the Internet was also very different. R & D personnel who lack experience, feelings and imagination for "aging" also need to investigate the aging experience and specific needs of the elderly groups, and enter the concrete life scene with the elderly, so that the product design is embedded in the "elderly thinking", "the perspective of the elderly" from the source ", From the overall" worrying of the old worry ", if the coverage of voice guidance, the screening of authoritative faith, and the strengthening of intelligent interaction can make the product's aging and extension direction of deep insights and refined extension. The aging transformation is a process of gradual expansion, improving and balanced iteration, and should not be strengthened to achieve benefits overnight.

Another difficulties of the enterprise are that it is difficult to have spontaneous, abundant, and sustainable aging motivation for social responsibility or public welfare feelings. During the survey, the research and development staff of Internet companies pointed out that "the actual cost of the elderly model in existing products is relatively high. In addition to the separate development designer, it also needs to be put into maintenance for a long time. With financial resources, small and medium factories still ranked first. "

The "China Silver Hair Economic Insight Report in 2021" pointed out that the elderly groups with cautious online payment will gradually open their trust in digital consumption; the "China Aging Industry Development Report" shows that by 2050 About 106 trillion yuan. The above data show that the "silver -haired economy" is still in the "blue ocean", and its economic value is urgent to be tapped. Employees of the head Internet companies also talk about it if they can cultivate the paid habits of elderly groups healthy and orderly, actively produce friendly content facing the elderly, so that they can smoothly access the digital economy in the wide area. Important increase. This will inject more vigorous driving force for the aging process of enterprises.

Activate "near", social network supports digital nursery

The survey data shows that when the use of the Internet is in helpless, 74.94%of the elderly will give priority to young people such as children, juniors, and 34.04%of the elderly will ask for spouses and friends. This means that the elderly group uses the core and close support network of the Internet to be woven by the "nearby people".

"Nearby" is both close to blood and closeness. An old man who has never been educated said, "If there is an important thing on the mobile phone, you must ask the literacy wife first, and the wife is not asking the neighbors to help them read it." The meaning of the community is also this. In the "group purchase" organized by the community or neighbors, the young neighborhood teaches the old people to place an order to successfully "unlock" online shopping for many elderly people who are used to buying vegetables and drugs online, showing the powerful power of the "nearby" to the elderly to the elderly. Trusted.

The public's understanding of "digital nursery" is mostly at the level of "technical feeding". He believes that as long as you teach the elderly to slip, click, exit and other operations, the help process is completed. In fact, in the digital era, "digital aboriginal people" need to help "digital survivors" realize the cultural level "re -socialization": help them master the logical design of operations, consensus digital knowledge, buzzwords, and emoticons such as "social currency" , Make the elderly a sense of cultural integration and belonging.

Therefore, to promote the aging construction of the smart community, we need to fully mobilize the elements of "people", promote the construction of the "nursery volunteer" group, and help the elderly strengthen the Internet operations and practice through the "technical feeding" guided by the face -to -face dialogue and demonstration guidance. Skills; open special science education activities in the community to guide the elderly to learn deep learning, stimulate their self -driving force for digital learning, and realize "cultural feeding" at a higher level. In summary, building a multi -dimensional, deep, and strict "nearby" support network can make the elderly group "have peace of mind" in the digital age.

The aging transformation of the Internet also needs to be connected with the overall pension plan of the city to jointly build a friendly society of the elderly people in the whole scene, so that digitalization can truly become well -being and make digital well -being connected with each elderly. We all have the responsibility to carry out the exploration of "active aging", so that the elderly are not anxious, panic, and not lonely in the digital age, so that every citizen is not afraid of aging, so that the number of trains will not throw anyone, Mercedes -Benz passes through the number. In the train, there is always a calm place for the elderly.

(Members of the research team of Central University for Nationalities: Xu Zhi, Zhang Ruixue, Meng Yingchen, Liu Yanjun) (Reporter Bai Xuelei)

[Editor in charge: Wang Xue]

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