Historical Investigation of Modern Newspaper Ice and Snow Sports Report

Author: Ma Zhenchuan (Master of Sports and Culture, Tianjin Institute of Physical Education); Yang Xiangquan (Communication Author) (Communication Author)

Source: "Youth Reporter", No. 13, 2022

Modern newspapers are important tools for social enlightenment. It is a publication that publishes news information and current affairs comments as its main content. Most of the publishing cycles of modern newspapers are relatively short, which also means that there are "tens of thousands of pieces" from the newspaper every day. Most of these information is fleeting, but there are always some timely scouring and becoming the current people's understanding A past important "window".

The successful holding of the Beijing Winter Olympics in 2022 set off a wave of ice and snow sports in my country. With the realization of the goal of "300 million people participating in the Ice and Snow Sports", more and more people in our country enjoyed this "ice and snow feast" in different ways. [1]. At the same time, Ice and Snow Sports has also become the focus of media reports. Behind the "focus of the report", we need to think about it: What are the characteristics of the ice and snow sports reports in the past? What are the items in the ice and snow sports in historical reports? What does it mean? ... With many problems, this study conducted a historical inspection of the ice and snow sports reports of modern newspapers, with a view to peeping through the main content of the previous ice and snow sports reports through modern newspapers, and the main characteristics of modern newspapers reporting ice and snow sports. The historical materials of this study are mainly based on the National Library's "Chinese History Literature General Library · Modern Database Database" and the Shanghai Library "National Newspaper Index · Chinese Modern Newspaper Digital Library". Run the ice "" Ski "," Winter Winter Games "and other keywords. After the search is completed, carefully screen and study the content of the report, and select the effective report content to carry out research according to the research needs.

Main content of modern newspaper ice and snow sports reports

(1) Reports around the ice and snow sports event at home and abroad

The "association" of modern newspapers and ice and snow sports events was mainly around 1924. On January 25, 1924, the "First Winter Olympic Games" in history opened in Chamuni, France [2]. On January 28 of the same year, the "Report" reported the relevant information of the "first day of the event": "26th France, France, Chamundix (now known as Chamuni). The competition, a total of 27 ones with the players representing the ten kingdoms, five hundred secrets (now called rice) running ice, the American Jitero's victory, accounting for 44 seconds, five thousand secrets running Bingfenland Senbai's victory, The occupying eight minutes and thirty -nine seconds is the scores of the daily running scores as follows: Finland's twenty and a half, Naowei (now Norway) 17ths and a half, the United States eleven points, 1,500 secrets and 10,000 secret running Bingding will be held tomorrow. "Since then, relevant reports on domestic and foreign ice and snow sports events have gradually become full in modern newspapers. The following are divided into two parts of foreign and domestic analysis.

1. Reports on foreign ice and snow sports events

On the eve of the founding of New China from 1924 to 1949, a total of five "Winter Olympics" was held in the world (the "Winter Winter Games" or "Winter National Games" before the founding of the People's Republic of China) was held. The related events of the "Winter Winter Games", but newspapers, as an important tool for the enlightenment of modern society, have always tried their best to play the role of "the Microex of the Winter Winter Games". Leaving aside the "Winter Winter Games", modern newspapers have also paid attention to the "World Ice and Snow Sports Competition", such as: from February 21st to March 1, 1937, the "Declaration" reports the "International Ice Hockey Championship". On February 21, the report was: "The International Hockey Championships continued to hold the preliminary round today. Anyone who has the right to win the semi -finals is divided into two groups and B groups, Group A is British Poland, Switzerland, Hungary Fourth Team, Group B as the Canadian Germany, Czech France Fourth Team, the result of the semi -finals, and then the two B The winning team held the finals. "After a series of semi -final reports, the report was reported on March 1," Canada won the International Ice Hockey Championship ". The finals were held here. As a result, the Canadian team defeated the British team with three to zero, and won the championship. "In addition, newspapers such as the Liberation Daily and Southeast Daily also paid more attention to the Moscow skiing competition, Soviet skating competition and other related" Soviet Union and other "Soviet Union and other" Soviet Union and other "Soviet Union "Ice and Snow Sports" event.

2. Relevant reports of domestic ice and snow sports events

Affected by factors such as monsoon climate and geographical environment, the development of the old China ice and snow sports event was mainly concentrated in the north, especially Pingjin (Peiping, Tianjin). In addition to the Pingjin area, most provinces and cities have failed to carry out ice and snow projects or have a low degree of development due to funding, talent and other reasons. The preparatory committee did not participate in the ice sports meeting. Among them, the Beijing News reported on December 5, 1934: Shaanxi Province did not participate in the competition because there was no such player. It can be seen that the overall popularity and influence of modern ice and snow sports in the country.

The reports of modern newspapers for domestic ice and snow sports events are mainly concentrated in three aspects: North China Ice Games, Pingjin Ice Hockey Championships, and Pingjin District Ice Hockey Championship. Among them, the most representative report on the report on the North North Cross Games was the full -scale report of the 1935 North China Ice Games (Tianjin Edition). Since January 1935, "Yi Shi Daily" (Tianjin Edition) has released 32 related reports from the preparatory ceremony, opening process, competition process, competition results, ticket sales, rules, athletes, and awards ceremonies. Secondly, reports about the "Pingjin Ice Hockey" are mainly concerned by newspapers in Peiping and Tianjin. The content is as follows: [[Peiping Telecom] Pingjin Port Ice Hockey Final, held yesterday (6th) in Ping. As a result, three to two. 1: 1, 1: 0 in the first game. "In addition, modern newspapers are also paying more attention to the ice hockey events of Pingjin District and middle schools. Representative newspapers include" Dagong ", Yishi News," Yanjing News "," North China Daily, these newspapers mainly focused on some of the Pingjin regional schools such as Yanda, Fu Ren, Tsinghua, and Nankai. (2) Reports around the public ice and snow sports activities

The reports of the modern newspapers for the popular ice and snow sports activities are mainly reflected in the activities of chemical skating meetings, chemical skating and other activities. Most of these activities are organized by the regional youth meeting. At first, most of them were young groups for men and women to contact their feelings. However, with the development of activities, the project group gradually began to diversify and the form was diversified. The costume skating or skating skating is strange. In modern newspapers, words such as "formal colors" are often described. The report of the "Tide News" on January 29, 1937 directly described this "variety". There are a lot of participants, including Li Yan, Tang Minghuang, Zhuge Liang, and the eight precepts, the three swordsman, and the black robber.

In addition, prefabricated skating or prefabrication skating is popular in "society", and it is also highly respected in schools and students in the modern Pingjin region. There are more than 20 schools that can be seen in the modern newspaper reports, including: Yanjing University, Peiping Women's College of Arts and Sciences, National Peiping University Law School, College of Engineering, and Nankai Middle School, Tianjin 37 Primary School and other middle schools Elementary school. Among them, on January 24, 1935, "Yishi News" reported "Tianjin 37 Primary School held a chemical skid meeting yesterday, more than forty children participated, all of which were lively." The 37th elementary school in the city, every winter, the teachers and students are in the backyard of the school, dug about three feet long, about one feet wide, about one foot deep, and put in the well water condensed into the ice bed. Now the school's industry has been vacated. The school's principal Li Yitian, in order to promote the rural children's ice campaign, especially yesterday held a chemical skating meeting, more than 40 children participating in the competition inside and outside the school, each of them was lively, everyone's interest was strong, and it was strange and considerable. "

(3) Advertising content related to ice and snow sports

The modern newspaper industry must maintain its own development characteristics, and does not rely on group or government forces. The income of advertising is its most important material support [3]. In the long run, the advertising layout has become an indispensable major content for modern newspapers. The most prominent advertisements for modern newspapers published by ice and snow sports are the sale of ice shoes. Modern newspapers, which are involved in large and small, account for the largest proportion of modern newspapers and layouts. For example: On December 25, 1926, "Declaration" published ice shoes advertisements and sold three yuan in foreign countries. There are a lot of ice shoes in the car dealers. It also published the advertisement of the same ice shoes with multiple layouts: "A large number of skates have arrived in Peiping! Fulong Ocean Xingxing. No. 14, Wangfujing Avenue. East China East 6th 3rd." Second, modern newspapers are published in ice and snow The related advertisements of the exercise also involve ice rinks. The content of the advertisements is roughly opened by skating rinks, ice rink equipment leasing. In addition, the advertisements related to the ice and snow sports in modern newspapers also involved movie advertisements with "skating" as a gimmick, such as: July 28, 1941 "The Daily Daily" published "Silver Bing Yan Dance" movie advertisement, of which the advertisement is small skating After the dance, Ai Ling Xun'er starred in and the latest ice song and dance music movie of Thunder China was the main gimmick for sale. The content of the advertisement is: "The latest skating song and dance music macro of Thunder China." Silver Ice Dance "after skating the skating of Ai Ling Xun'er starring. The screening today, the ticket to the ticket at 3 pm ..."

The main features of modern newspaper ice and snow sports reports

The characteristics of modern newspapers ice and snow sports are mainly reflected in two aspects.

First, there are many reports of "Ice Sports" as a whole, and "Snow Sports" reports less

Through the contents of the report governed by the "General Library of Chinese History and Documents · Modern Newspaper Database" and "National Newspaper Index · Chinese Modern Digital Digital Library", "Ice Sports" (ice -skating, ice hockey, etc.) reports "thousands of thousands" And "Ski Movement" (skiing, sled, etc.) reported only "hundreds". "Snow Sports" reports less, but it is not unexpected, because the "Snow Movement" of the old China started late. It started to form a ski unit from 1947-1948. The introduction of related concepts was very backward. On March 31, 1948, the "Report" published an article "Chinese Ski Force in the Middle School", which mentioned in the article: "Not only Xinjiang, but even the whole China, there have been no ski forces in the past. After skiing, although the government is continuing to handle after the victory, there is no expansion and no large scale. Therefore, it can be said that it can be said to be completely unconcerned in Xinjiang. It is the "ice movement" report on the content more focused on "local", and the "Snow Movement" report pays more attention to "international"

Most of the reports of the "Ice Movement" are targeted at domestic, and the contents of the report are carried out around special topics such as skating, domestic events, and school activities. Most of the reports of the "Snow Sports" are targeted at abroad. The contents of the report are carried out around Soviet skiing, international ski competition, Japanese skiing, Nordic skiing, and German skiing.

Modern newspapers Ice and Snow Sports Report contained in the times

(1) Body symbols of "Salvation Map"

The evolution of the body in modern China and the development of the country's rise and fall have a relationship of lip and teeth. As the national situation is drooping, the "transforming person as the foundation of all transformation" has become the basic concept of many intellectuals [4]. As an important "transformation tool", "sports" is highly respected in modern intellectuals. In his youth, Mao Zedong published the article "Study of Sports". At the beginning of the article: "The national strength is weak, the force is not strong, and the constitution of the nation is becoming more and more thin." [5] If the length is long, you will not change it. Weak and plus, so I deeply feel the importance of sports (exercise), so advocate the consciousness of sports. In modern society, "sports" is associated with the body symbol of "rescue map" and "strong country and strong species". Similarly, as an important type of sports, Ice and Snow Sports has also been given the "special value" of the times, which can be glimpsed from modern newspapers. For example: On December 13, 1934, the "Newspaper" reported the article "The opening of the Ice Rucks of Yilan Tang", which mentioned in the article: "Although the ice rink is operating, it is advocated that sports can not dare to have future generations. With self -defense and saving the country, it is only a living in this place. After the guests, the guests, and the Binxi Playing Binxi successively spoke, all played for sports to save the state. " The contents of "fundraising" in the conference of skating (ice skating) conference were mainly due to the fall of the northeast at that time. It can be seen that the content of ice and snow sports reported in modern newspapers contains the body symbol of "rescue map".

(2) The right of rights of "equality between men and women"

In ancient Chinese society, women's most important affairs were nothing more than two types of affairs: handling housework and focusing on textiles, children and daughters and husbands. Since the Opium War, the "western learning eastward", freedom, equality, independence and other ideas have been introduced to China one after another, which greatly inspired the attention of women's problems. The Western missionaries, "The Gazette of the State", "The Words of the West" founded by Western missionaries in China, have promoted the spread of the "Western Women's View" in China [7]. Different from the traditional Chinese concept of "men's respect and women's inferiority", the "Western Women's View" (Western Women's Views "(men's and women's rights) broke the ethics of the traditional society and liberated the women's thoughts of the society at that time. [8] Under the influence of the idea of ​​"men's and women's rights", modern women have also been advocated to participate in sports activities. As an important form of sports, Ice and Snow Sports is also being advocated. In modern times, newspapers such as "Declaration", "Grand Press" and "Yi Shi Daily" have given more attention and reports on advocating women's ice and snow sports. Individual newspapers are preaching and promoting women's ice and snow sports in the layout of large women's "skating photos". Essence Of course, the results of preaching are basically satisfactory. As stated in the "small review" published in "New Tianjin" on August 2, 1932: "China's former feminism is weak, and today it is a woman's universal. There must be women who are prosperous. There must be women participating, such as: skating, dancing, swimming and other places. "

(3) The economic symbol of "sports consumption"

Since modern times, factors such as "opening to business" and "foreign exchanges" have promoted the root cause of "Western Capital Consumption" in China [9]. With the introduction of Western Olympic and the concept of "capital consumption", almost all large sports events in old China are associated with "economic consumption", and the ice and snow sports events are no exception. As a communication window for "organizers and consumers", modern newspapers have played a key role in consumption of "sports economy". For example: On January 10, 1939, the "Yishi News" (Beijing) reported the article "Pingjin Port Saiyaton Cup Ice Hockey Tournament". It is reported that in addition to describing the elements such as "competition time", it also contains "tickets for the first ocean. Treating students' votes of the Ocean Triangle "" Top 50 Daily, Temporary Consumption Symbols "such as" consumer symbols ", the original content is as follows: [[Our newspaper SCA] The annual Pingjin Port Saiwaron Cup Ice Hockey Tournament, It opened on the fourth day in Tianjin, two to two in the first battle, and the second battle was defeated by three to seven. The reason was that Da Yong went to Shanghai. At 9 pm, twice with ten o'clock in the morning, the ticket is one yuan, and the students will vote for the Ocean Triangle. It is sold in the youth Huibuya and the Union Hall in the early days. There are also advertisements such as ice shoes leasing, ice shoe sales, and "skating movie ticket sales" such as ice shoes. In addition to describing basic elements in the article, they will also focus on "price". All in all, whether as an advertising form or the "consumer element" in the content of the report, Ice and Snow Sports profoundly presents the symbolic characteristics of "sports consumption" in the report of modern newspapers. Conclusion

The information related to the ice and snow sports published by modern newspapers may be slightly immature, but this information has an irreplaceable effect on our understanding of the "ice and snow sports past" and the characteristics of the times it reflected. On February 20, 2022, Xinhua News Agency published reports: "The Chinese delegation has achieved 9 gold, 4 silver and 2 copper in the Beijing Winter Olympics, and the best record of the history of the Winter Olympics." This report is like a "modern newspaper" Once a cross -time and space dialogue, from the old China who participated in the "Winter Winter Games" to the best record of the "World Types Ranking Third", Ice and Snow Sports has carried the dream of "national strength and national rejuvenation", becoming China The iconic cause and footnote of the great rejuvenation of the nation.

Reference format for this article:

Ma Zhenchuan, Yang Xiangquan. The historical investigation of modern newspaper ice and snow sports reports [J]. Young reporter, 2022 (13): 103-105.

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