Tesla's fire caused new energy vehicle safety dispute battery technology to upgrade to the key to industry development

Reporter Li Chunlian

Recently, a star Lin Zhiying drove a serious traffic accident while driving a Tesla Model X, and then the vehicle became angry. Although the specific reasons for the accident are still being investigated, the incident still trigger the market's heated discussions on the safety of Tesla and new energy vehicles.

It is worth noting that in early July, a Tesla sheet spray center located in Suzhou had a fire incident; for the spontaneous combustion accident of Zotye New Energy Vehicle that had occurred a few days ago For example, the cause of spontaneous combustion is under investigation.

The safety issues of new energy vehicles are constantly controversial. With the booming development of new energy vehicles, the hurdle of safety is even more important, and the upgrading of power battery technology is the key to solving this problem. Qi Haiyu, the president of Beijing's Sunshine New Energy, told a reporter from the Securities Daily that with the accelerated development of the new energy vehicle industry, the energy density of power batteries gradually increased, and the rapid development of fast charge technology. In this context, how safety has improved into a problem to be solved.

New Energy Vehicle Disguise Safety Controversy

New energy vehicles have outstanding results in the first half of the year. Data show that in the first half of the year, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in my country were 2.661 million and 2.6 million, respectively, an average of 1.2 times a year -on -year increase. The scale of production and sales was innovative, and the market penetration rate reached 21.6%.

But at the same time, safety issues have always troubled the development of the new energy vehicle industry.

Recently, the data released by the Fire Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department in the first quarter of 2022 showed that the reports of various types of transportation were reported from 19,000, of which 640 involved in new energy vehicles, which increased by 32%year -on -year, which means that the average daily per day exceeds more than more than more 7 new energy vehicles fire.

In addition, about 3,000 new energy vehicles fire accidents occurred nationwide in 2021. The fire risk of new energy vehicles was generally higher than that of traditional cars.

Qi Haizhen said that the safety of new energy vehicles has always attracted much attention. Although fuel vehicles also have the risk of spontaneous combustion or fire, as new things, the safety of new energy vehicles, especially the safety of batteries, has attracted more attention from all parties to the parties. Essence

"At present, the fire rate of electric vehicles is about 0.03%, which is slightly higher than traditional fuel vehicles." Sun Jinhua, an academician of the Academy of Sciences of the EU, professor of the University of Science and Technology of China, and chief scientist of the National "937" plan Judging from the state of the fire car, 35%are in a charging state, 40%are driving, and 25%are in a static state. From the season, the probability of fire in the high temperature period is much higher than the winter and other seasons.

Talking about the reasons for the fire of lithium ion batteries, Sun Jinhua said that lithium -ion batteries are prone to accidents. Generally speaking, the normal use temperature of the battery should not be higher than 40 ° C. When the calories accumulated in the battery cannot be dispersed in time and the battery temperature exceeds the safety threshold, it is easy to cause the heat out of control.

"The current safety issues of new energy vehicles are mainly based on the spontaneous combustion, fire or explosion of batteries. Whether batteries can guarantee safety when deforming and squeezed." Jiangxi New Energy Technology Vocational College of New Energy Vehicle Technology, Zhang Xiang Tell "Securities Daily" reporter.

Power battery technology upgrades into key

According to statistics, the new energy vehicle accidents caused by battery problems do account for the majority.

Sun Jinhua said that the fire rate of the ternary lithium battery is higher than the lithium iron phosphate battery. From the perspective of the statistical data of the accident, 60%of the new energy vehicles that occur in the accident are new energy vehicles using ternary batteries, and 5%are phosphate phosphate. New energy vehicles of iron lithium batteries.

In fact, the "contest" of ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate has never stopped on the power battery selection route of new energy vehicles. At present, the installed capacity of ternary lithium batteries is gradually declining. On the one hand, because of high cost, on the other hand, because safety is not as good as iron phosphate.

In the first half of 2022, the output of ternary lithium batteries was 82.9GWh, an increase of 125%year -on -year, accounting for 40.2%; the installed capacity was 45.6GWh, a year -on -year increase of 51.2%, accounting for 41.4%. The output of lithium iron phosphate batteries was 123.2GWh, an increase of 226.8%year -on -year, accounting for 59.7%; the installed capacity was 64.4GWh, an increase of 189.7%year -on -year, accounting for 58.5%.

Many car companies have also begun to turn from ternary lithium batteries to lithium iron phosphate batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are sought after by car companies and battery manufacturers with their low cost and higher thermal stability of positive materials. At the end of 2021, Tesla said at the Q3 financial report that the standard battery Edition Model 3 and Model Y globally, both of which will be switched to lithium iron phosphate batteries.

It is worth mentioning that with the booming development of new energy vehicles in recent years, power battery technology has also been upgraded. Wu Kai, chief scientist in Ningde Times, recently said, "The company's M3P battery has been mass -produced and will be pushed to the market next year." It is understood that the M3P battery is a battery developed based on the new material system in Ningde Times. Occasionally than a ternary battery.

The industry generally believes that higher energy density, longer cycle life, and higher safety are the main directions of the development of power battery technology.

"Solving the safety of new energy vehicles still needs to be through technological innovation." Zhang Xiang said that as the experience of battery manufacturers has become more and more rich and the funds are becoming stronger, the process of technological innovation in the battery field continues to accelerate.Ningde Times launched CTP batteries, which improved the safety of new energy vehicles.Qi Haixuan believes that the energy density and safety of power batteries need to be balanced. Battery manufacturers must increase the energy density of the battery under the premise of security to increase the mileage.With the advancement of science and technology and the continuous efforts of battery manufacturers, the security of solid -state battery technology will continue to increase in the future, and the frequency of fire accidents in new energy vehicles will gradually decrease.Ensuring the safety of consumers' lives and property is the prerequisite for the development of car companies and battery manufacturers.

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