"Wuyi Wenmai" south of the south mud ore was fired, and the seclusion craftsman "refined" the "Zidan"

Author:Yangcheng Evening News Yangche Time:2022.07.27

Text, picture/video Yangcheng Evening News all -media reporter Chen Zhuodong correspondent Tang Jinghua Lingwei Xin Tan Yaoguang

The simple and rough, uncomfortable, Tao Zhongqi, the device is called Zidan. In June of this year, the Jiangmen City Government announced the ninth batch of municipal intangible cultural heritage representative projects in Jiangmen City, and it was on the Lishan's purple Dantu pottery production technology list.

The reporter learned in an interview that the local pottery has a long history and has unique geotechnical raw materials. Solo, who lives here in seclusion, is unique to Solo, and adopts the South Mud Mine Mine. It uses exquisite craftsmanship and use of water and fire. pottery.

In the future, he plans to build his studio as a research base for the production technology of Zidandu Tao, to provide students with a place for learning non -heritage skills, so that the purple Dantu pottery can be further inherited and carried forward.

Foshan Craftsman Heyi Make Pottery

Nantong Village, Hecheng Town, Heshan City, a normal factory on the side of the road, hidden in Su Luotu's studio. Every day, Solo is used to making a pot of Heishan black tea, while trying to adjust his body and mind. When it was appropriate, he entered the studio and began to rub the mud and pull the embryo.

Su Luo's "rub mud" process in the studio

He said that more than thirty years ago, he heard a friend who had a long history of pottery -making in Heshan, and was also hidden with rich pottery minerals, so he came from Foshan to take root.

According to archeological mining and historical literature research, the history of the craftsmanship of Heshan -made pottery can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. So far, a total of the ancient Lao Fenggang kiln sites, Gu Lao Honggang kiln sites, Yuqiao Dazongkou kiln site in Shaping Town, and the Tang Dynasty kiln site in the Tougang Kiln site of Shanxi, Shanping Town. Experts have bowls, cans, pots, pots, pots, etc. After the follow -up analysis of these cultural relics fragments, experts confirmed that it was already rich in ceramics in Heshan in the Tang Dynasty.

According to the "Heshan County Chronicle", the ancestors of the Central Plains in the past passed the northern pottery crafts south in the south, and the area of the Pearl River Delta was concentrated in Shiwan and other places in Foshan. The people's exchanges between Heshan and Foshan Shiwan, which have created the coexistence and penetration of multiculturalism, and promoted the development of the craftsmanship of Heshan. And Su Qiluo and its purple Datuzu pottery technology can be called the results of the historical salary of pottery in the two places.

Making Tao Shijia's advanced craftsmanship

From the middle of the 19th century, Su Luotu's ancestors lived in Shiwan Town, Foshan. After the inheritance, Su Luoto became the fifth generation of Su's pottery.

Su Luo was affected by his father since he was a child. At the age of 19, he was introduced by his father to work in Shiwan Ceramics Factory in Foshan City and officially opened a pottery career.

Until now, Su Luotu was grateful for his father's guidance: "When you first arrive at the scientific research room of the craft factory as a technician, you must first learn the distribution ratio of related raw materials and the effects of various raw materials. If there is no master guidance, just get started It is difficult for novices to master the principles. At the time, the masters of the masters were more conservative, and most of them were unwilling to teach relevant knowledge to others. Fortunately, my father pointed out from the side, and I really entered the door. "Under the guidance of my father, Su Luo He read a lot of related books, studied theoretical knowledge hard, and repeatedly practiced the knowledge learned, continuously summarized experience, and mastered a large number of related knowledge in a short time.

Photo by Su Luo to play the Purple Dada Su Tao Cup Ou Ruirong

In order to further consolidate the basic skills, Suluu came to the famous Shiwan Art Ceramics Factory to learn art. With the spirit of studying the casserole to the end, he received the careful guidance of the more famous Master Chen Shao, Huo Rizheng, Liu Chuan, etc. at the time, and further improved the craftsmanship.

Outstanding results

Through the experience of skills, the young Su Luoran was recognized by many masters, and became the director of the research and development department of Shiwan Ceramics Factory at the age of 20. In this post, Suluk received multiple tasks. And he did not liberate heavy trust, and came up with praise.

In 1976, Foshan took over the task of firing important ceramic lace boards in the local department. "I still remember very clearly. Shiwan Ceramics Factory is responsible for the production of pattern. The Shiwan Ceramics Craft Factory is responsible for the formulation of the formula. Dare to pick up this task. Su Luo came forward and took a colleague who had just arrived in the trial room to take over the "hard bone".

In order to burn the ceramic flower board, Su Luoran and his colleagues walked south to the north, went to many provinces and cities, repeatedly tested, and finally selected 10 kinds of black and white, sand, sand, and sodium stones in Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Henan, and Guangdong. Determine the proportion of each material. After repeated trials of Su Luoran and colleagues, in February 1977, ceramic relief sheets were finally successfully fired.

After being shocking, Suluu continued to work hard, and led his team to successfully develop a ceramic gold -plated warm temperature measurement stick for fighter jets. It is reported that the ceramic gold -plated temperature test rod filled the gap in the country in related fields at that time. Subsequently, he explained the development and production process of the warm sticks in front of more than 30 scientists, and demonstrated on -site, which was praised and rewarded by relevant provincial and municipal departments.

The imitation name is essential

That is, in this well -known day, Solo's contact with the production of ceramic purple sand utensils, thus germinating the idea of making Purple Dantu pottery.

It is reported that in Nanhua Temple in Shaoguan City, the ancestral court of Nanzen, a ceramic purple sand fasting manto used by Liuzu Hui can be used. The fasting might has the effect of preserving freshness, and from the first ancestor Dharma to the Sixth ancestor's wisdom. In 1978, Nanhua Temple needed to customize a group of imitation of the Tang Dynasty ceramics purple sand fasting bowl as gifts. The business staff of Nanhua Temple traveled to Shandong, Jiangxi, Hunan and other places to recruit capable craftsmen for imitation, but none of them were successful. In the end, the business personnel came to the Shiwan Ceramics Factory and found Su Luoyo and let him try to imitate.

Su Luo felt that the ceramic purple sand fasting bowl must have the effect of preservation, and it must have the functions of breathable, adsorbing impurities, and keeping low temperature. This requires ceramic purple sand fasting bowls to rather match different performance materials to achieve these effects. "I tried to mix various raw materials in proportion. Although it took almost three months, I never got satisfactory results."

Just as Solo felt that he couldn't start, his father helped Suluo again. He suggested that Su Luoran fired each raw material separately. After understanding the performance and effect of each raw material, he was mixed according to the performance ratio of the raw material. According to his father's teachings, Su Luoyo fired more than 100 raw materials, and finally found some raw materials with better breathability. Then, he carried out the corresponding raw materials to furnish the experiment, and finally successfully developed the fresh -keeping effect of the Tang Dynasty ceramic purple sand.

The purple dharma cement embryo is prepared to be fired, with different forms

The related raw material equipment and firing process are now the prototype of the production skills of the purple Dantu pottery.

Ancient Fa Long Kiln burn out boutique

In a mountainous land named "Lafayette of the Building Back" in Nangong Village Committee, He Shan, it contains a unique rock and soil. Su Luoyo said that this is one of the raw materials for making Purple Dada Su Tao.

In the 1980s and 1990s, an old colleague of a Shiwan Ceramics Craft Factory introduced the local pottery history and pottery minerals of Heshan to Su Luou. Under his heart, Su Luoto came to Heshan Heshan Heshan Town and founded the studio. "When we first arrived, it was remote. It was a mud road, and the surroundings were all forests." In the village of seclusion, Solo's dedicated to the development of Zidan pottery. A simple appearance, which has a strange effect inside, is named "Purple Dan Su Tao" in the name of Su's Ceramics.

According to Su Luo, the raw materials of Purple Dan Su Tao Tao should use "South Mud and North Mine". Rare rock soil, and purple sand mud with different colors. "From the beginning of the selection, the purple Dan Su pottery must be selected, staged, mud (vacuum), billet, modified, carved patterns, drying, burning, finished products Follow the nine procedures and make handmade.

Including the embryo, etc.

Outside the work, the reporter saw a furnace. Suololy ignited with wood. After a while, the kiln mouth was already hot. Su Luo said that this is the traditional dragon kiln built in the Tang Dynasty in order to furnish the purple Datta Suska.

Su Luo add firewood to Long Kiln

The pottery process is about the mutual running of "soil" and "fire". The pottery fired by different temperatures will have different degrees of "kiln". As early as working at the Shiwan Ceramics Factory, Su Luoran had been practiced in front of the furnace. "In the era when the technology was underdeveloped, we all judged the temperature of the fire through the color of the flame in the furnace, so as to control the fire. For example, the flame began to glow, indicating that the temperature had reached 1230 ° C; when the flame color began to whiten It means that the temperature has reached 1300 ° C. "It is reported that the traditional Long Kiln wood is burned, and the purple Dan Su pottery can be" fascinating "through high temperature 煅，， above 1260 ° C.

The reporter saw that the finished pottery products of the purple Dudan Su did not have a glaze, not as smooth as porcelain, and had a rough feel and heavy texture unique to pottery minerals; different carving patterns seemed to be casual, but they were unique. Su Luoto said that Purple Dantu pottery is not polished, and the shape pursuits free and easy, led to simplicity and naturalness.

One of the purple Dadasu pottery containers displayed in the studio

In the appearance of a clever and non -work, there are wonderful effects hidden. Su Luoto said that Purple Dan Su Tao is rich in minerals, has excellent breathability, strong adsorption ability, and placing tea can soften the water quality. Putting wine can make wine more mellow. For example, after a cup of ordinary hot boiling water, after pouring into the purple Dantu cup, the temperature drops faster than usual, and it will be sweeter at the entrance. Therefore, Purple Dantu also has a certain health function.

Su Luo also said that there will be some differences in the pairing ratio and firing temperature of each Purple Dada pottery, so different special effects are also shown. "It can be said that each one is alone." Not only that, he also incorporated elements such as calligraphy, Heshan Gu Lao Wing Chun into the production of Purple Datan Susu, and gave the rich cultural connotation to the purple Dantu pottery.

Su Luo played a Purple Datan Su Pot pot that integrated into Gu Lao Wing Chun's cultural elements

Inheritance of "non -heritage" inheritance

The reporter learned that Zidan Su pottery is mainly based on the production of daily pottery, such as tea sets, water storage containers, wine storage containers, pots, bowls, bowls, etc., as well as art pottery, such as vases, fish tanks, etc. The director of the Cultural Museum of Heshan City believes that the production skills of Purple Dantu pottery focus on integrating practicality and ornamental, and have high artistic value, ornamental value and market value. We attach great importance to it. "Today, Purple Dada Su Tao has gradually known as a small studio. In 2021, Su Luotu's 6 Purple Dan Su Tao Tao art works were permanently collected by the Heshan Museum; in May of that year, the purple Dantu pottery production technology project was included in the third batch of county -level intangible cultural heritage representative projects in Heshan City The list, which was included in the ninth batch of municipal intangible cultural heritage projects in Jiangmen City in June this year.

Photo by Chen Peiyu, Purple Dan Su Tao Tao Art Works of the Permanent Collection of Heshan Museum

Now, in addition to his creative home, Su Luotu's studio has become the practice of local teenagers. Schools and other institutions in surrounding areas often organize students to come to visit and study. Under the guidance of Su Luotu, the students rubbed the mud to make the pottery and feel the charm of traditional skills. Su Luoyo said: "The inheritance of the skills requires the injection of fresh blood. I hope to let more young people understand the relevant historical knowledge through my own efforts, and then cultivate more young people who love pottery arts, so that Purple Dantu pottery can get Further inheritance and development. "

Su Luoyo taught ceramics techniques to elementary school students Ou Ruirong

Su Luo plans to build his studio as a research base for the production technology of Zidandasu to provide students with a place for learning non -heritage skills. "There is no end to learning. I think that teaching skills do not need to be reserved. I hope more people are willing to understand and learn the production skills of Purple Dantu pottery, and to generate exchanges through mutual learning to tap more excellent practices."