[Scientific Power] Why is the average life expectancy of men than women?Y chromosome to decrypt

Screenshot of the heavy research articles published by Science Magazine

What is the difference between boys and girls' gene chromosomes? That is X and Y chromosome. Girls 'chromosomes are XX, and boys' chromosomes are XY. Everyone should have heard of biological knowledge learned in junior high school. But in fact, in addition to distinguishing between men and women, this difference will also bring other influences, such as the life of men and women.

Data from the World Health Organization shows that among 224 countries and regions around the world, the average life expectancy of men is 70.31 years old, and the average life expectancy of women is 75.33 years. It shows that the average life expectancy of Chinese women is 79.43 years old, and men are 73.64 years.

In general, women will be 5-6 years older than men. What are the scientific reasons in this? Secrets are buried in Y chromosomes.

Recently, "Science" magazine published a heavy study, and researchers found that the chromosomal loss (MLOY) of chromosomal Y chromosomes would transform mice blood cells, promote myocardial fibrosis, and trigger a series of risk of cardiovascular system diseases. The results of more than 15,000 men's and 11.5 years of follow -up also showed that the lack of peripheral white blood cell Y chromosomes peripherals of men perimeter was more than 40%, which was related to the risk of cardiovascular disease by 31%.

However, the Y chromosome loss (LOY) is not a rare event. It is the most common coexist in human white blood cells. In the elderly over the age of 70, about 40%of the white blood cells have lost Y chromosomes. When Y chromosomes are lost in adult stem cells, they will continue to "diffuse" in the form of chimeric, which causes chromosomal loss (MLOY).

The loss of Y chromosomes of blood cells is related to the shorter life of men and the increase in the incidence of various age -related diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and Alzheimer's disease.

Earlier, scientists have always thought that Y chromosome function is limited, and there is almost no other effect except determining gender. However, in recent years, some discovery instructions have complicated potential connections between Y chromosomes and immune systems.

Today, this study once again illustrates the importance of Y chromosomes. Cardiac macrophages Y chromosomal loss will over -activate the fibrosis signal network, leading to the proliferation and activation of the heart of the heart, the genesis of excessive matrix, and eventually weakening the heart function.

Of course, men don't have to panic, and they feel that they must not have longevity as women. In fact, it is important to cultivate good living habits, maintain a positive and optimistic attitude, and avoid too much psychological burden. No matter how busy at work, men should try to change their poor eating habits in time, avoid big fish and meat, and avoid smoking and drinking.

Author: Mai Wanhua

Review: Gong Zimo

Vision: Long Hao

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