Critics must have their own criticism style

Core reading

In the new era, it not only needs to highlight the masterpieces of Chinese power and national spirit, but also requires the majority of literary critics to "use historical, people, art, and aesthetic viewpoints to judge and appreciate works. Various bad literary works, phenomena, and trends dare to show attitude. They dare to show their positions on the issue of right and wrong, advocate telling the truth and reasoning. "

For a long time, we have regarded literary reviews and literary creation as two rounds of birds and cars. The importance of literary and art reviews is self -evident. But in the actual field of literature, literary reviews are far less valued as literary and artistic creation. In August 2021, the five departments such as the Central Propaganda Department jointly issued the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Literary Review of the New Era" to raise the literary review work to a more important position. This requires our literary commentators to double their efforts to jointly create a good atmosphere of literary and artistic reviews, and build a literary theory and review discipline system, academic system and discourse system with Chinese characteristics. I think one of the very important points is that literary critics must have their own unique voice and their own criticism, not the clouds, and the speakers and speakers.

So, how can literary critics form their own criticism? We know that style is a unique creative symbol of an excellent writer and critic. The criticism style is also the manifestation of critics to criticize the spirit and the manifestation of life. Fulou Bai believes that "style is life." As a critic, he should have rich life accumulation, rich cultural accumulation, abundant emotional experience, rich imagination, abundant rational thinking. This is just as Dudel said, and it should have "the vastness of spirit, the active imagination, and the hard work of the soul." A critic, first of all, should be a thinker. He should have a unique insight in society and life, and he should have unique insights on writers' works. His thought was his deep understanding of historical experience, his deep insight into his mystery, not the theoretical borrowing of authority, nor the wholesale of the trend. In the work, the "hidden thoughts and feelings of feelings and feelings are difficult to escape his eyes. Even if he has meticulous identification for those who are blurred and unpredictable subtext and subconscious." (Sun Shaozhen's "Literature Creation Theory") Secondly, he should be an independent judge of literary works. Critics must not only have eye power, but also have courage. He is not the follow -up of the official family, nor the authoritative drummer, but to be fair and fair. Independent criticism of judges. Again, critics should be a learner. Critics must insight into society and "know the world", and must have rich knowledge and profound academic theory in order to make a deep judgment and high summary of the changes and literary trends of the times. Fourth, critics should also be a literary artist. Critics should have a full understanding of literature and art. He may not really intervene in creative practice, but it is best to have a full understanding of the rules of creative. In the history of modern Chinese literature, such as Lu Xun, Mao Dun, etc., are both writers and critics. Comment in this way, it is natural to drive naturally. If you do n’t understand the law of creation at all, criticism will be itchy and unreasonable. Only by doing these points, his comments may be the perfect combination of life's intuition and the consciousness of rationality, full of emotions and deep rational deep blending, exquisite poetic and superb philosophical harmony, showing Different aesthetic style can form their own criticism.

We have seen that the criticism of criticisms since the new period has developed a diverse and polarized aesthetic trend. Some new and trendy critics lack the independent criticism spirit, but they are rushing to the Western criticism methods. In this way, it is neither in line with the historical environment and context of the text, nor does it conform to the regularity and aesthetic uniqueness of the constructing of the work itself, which makes criticism with works, writers, and even society and history seriously disconnected. This makes the criticism method mixed but not accurate, changeable but not uniform. Therefore, some scholars have put forward criticism requirements such as "grounding", "grounding", and "getting started". In fact, the key to writing a good literary criticism is that critics' deep understanding of the work, the in -depth understanding of the writer, and the deep understanding of the society make the combination of criticism with the literary works, the heart of the author, and the society, that is, "grounding" Essence Since the new period, few critics have formed their own independent criticism style. A "Chinese ruler"), but the most important thing is "the problem of critics itself".

How can the critics establish their own criticism style? Liu Ye talked about the relationship between style and personality as early as "Wen Xin Diao Dragon · Sports". He said: "There is a mediocrity, a rigidity and a rigidity, a shallow learning, a school with elegance, and a temperament, and Tao Ran condensed." "The four factors, namely, are inherently sentimental and the acquired Tao Ran, but he emphasizes the study of the day after tomorrow. He said in "Wenxin Eagle Dragon · Shen Si": "The accumulation of learning is to storage treasures, to be rich, and to study the poor photos, tame to resign, and then make the mysterious slaughter." He believes that one Writers or critics should accumulate knowledge in order to be used as a treasure for writing, discern things clearly to enrich their talents, experience life to improve the ability of observation, and comply with emotions to interpret the wonderful essays. With this kind of cultivation, when writing, you can "find the rhythm and set the ink", "glimpse the image and transport it". If you "learn shallow and late, you can be sparse and fast", it is difficult to write good works. Therefore, the abundant knowledge and experience is the "head of the text" and the first element of forming style. Critics can only form their own style only by paying attention to "nutritional soul" and reaching "prosperity of the soul". It can be seen that the reasons for the formation of style in ancient Chinese writers are very beneficial to the formation of the critic style today. More comprehensively, criticism style is the comprehensive manifestation of critics "talent, bold, learning, and knowledge". It is the combination of innate endowment and acquired cultivation. The gall is the condensation of gall and bone qi. Consciousness is the fit of knowledge and courage. Learning is the integration of book knowledge and social knowledge. Criticism is a form of disclosure that critics only bile knowledge, and an external manifestation of personality and mind. Xu Zeng mentioned: "Poetry is a strategy of people, people are high, and poetry is also vulgar. Holding, first -class knowledge, Sri Lanka has the first true poem. "Writing poems is so, and so is writing criticism. Goethe believes that "style is the highest state that art can reach", while Wang Guowei said that "there is a realm to become a high -grade." The realm here mainly talks about the realm of life. Only in the realm of life can the work have a realm and style. A good comment is by no means a pen and ink kung fu, but also the skill of life, that is, the critics are rich, knowledgeable, and rich. It can be seen that the criticism style is a comprehensive manifestation of criticism. Today's critics are mostly lack of courage, no academic power, or "vulgar review" and "charming review", making literary criticism vulgar and commodity; Two skin of the work. Therefore, only the critics are based on deep learning, based on personality and spirit, and have a deep experience, thinking and perception of history, society, and life into their own criticism spirit. Only Form the style of criticism.

History has entered the new era. In the new era, not only the masterpieces of Chinese power and national spirit need to be highlighted, but also the majority of literary criticism workers "use historical, people, art, and aesthetic views and appreciation works. Dare to seek truth from facts at the level, dare to show attitude towards various bad literary works, phenomena, and trends of thoughts. Dare to show your position on the issue of right and wrong, advocate telling the truth and reasoning ", write the criticism of" symbolizing a era ", and build an era. Critical style.

(The author is a professor at the School of Literature of Tangshan Teachers College)

Content source: Literature and Art News July 25, 2022

WeChat editor: Lu Yimeng

- END -