[Memory] Wen Huanzhang, Qilden, Kong Jingming, Su Jixian: The messenger of China and Canada Culture

Wen Huanzhang, Kai Erde, Kong Jingming,

Su Jixian: The messenger of China and Canada Culture

Wen Huanzhang (1865-1954), a native of Devin County, England, went to Canada to go to Canada at the age of 17, graduated from the university philosophy in 1893. He went to China with his wife Ventara two weeks after marriage. Affected by the teaching plan, Wen Huanzhang, who had just arrived in Leshan in 1895, had to leave with his family the next day. In 1896, after Wen Huanzhang came to Leshan again, he bought land on Baita Street and built a church, pharmacy and school. Affected by it, his son Wen Youzhang became a "red missionary". He has been in his life for decades. He has actively helped and support the Chinese Anti -Japanese War, the revolution of the Communist Party of China, and the development of world peace.

Unknown Foreign Education, I have passed Sanba now.

The trees are old, and the window is welcoming the moon.

One day in the 19th century, when the white -skinned people with high nose suddenly appeared in the ancient and quiet Jiading City, what kind of expression would ordinary people show it?

About the Tongzhi period of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, Western missionaries appeared in Leshan. Existing information shows that Western missionaries were initially active in remote villages. Jixing Township and Wing Shengxiang Village, Jixing Township, Cashikou, may be the earliest impact of Western missionaries in Leshan District. There have been a long time ago with the Catholic textbooks of the Catholic Church. In 1842, Emei Longchi built the earliest existing Catholic Church in Leshan. In 1850, the Emei osmanthus Bridge was also built to demolish the Cangkan Church ...

What about Jiadingfu City? The Republic of China "Leshan County Chronicle" records that before the end of Tongzhi (1874), there was no west to live in the city. French Catholic Princess Ding initially bought a "Public Credit Church" that can accommodate 100 people at Ziyun Street outside Gaobei Gate. At that time, it was in 1880. Afterwards, there were many comes. They lived in the county street, and later the city of Xibai Pagoda Street became their main "settlement". Baita Street is located under Yufeng Mountain on the west side of the ancient city of Leshan. The Baita was built in the Song Dynasty and is a "landmark" of the former city of Jiading. In the early Qing Dynasty, Wang Shizhen came to Leshan. There was a poem "The red ship Baita returned late, and Jiacheng also resumed West Lake." By the end of the 19th century, it has become a concentrated place where churches, church schools, church hospitals, and foreigners. In 1916, Tan Guoliang, the dean of Jiading Gospel Hospital, used many methods to expand the Renji Hospital and demolished the white tower. I don't know why, but there is a legend of the "white tower curse" of a daughter and a man. But the hospital was completed in 1924.

Wen Huanzhang arrived at Leshan, a special time -1895. This year, it was the outbreak of the "Chengdu Teaching Plan" and "Leshan Teaching Plan". He and his wife Weisara arrived at Leshan Wharf by boat and welcomed them at Kai Erde, who started the clinic for Leshan for 3 years. What was unexpected was that they had to leave in depression the next day. Standing on the boat, looking back at the fire and smoke in the churches and hospitals in Jiading City. In the second year, the Wen Huanzhang couple came to Leshan again. At this time, the lesson plans calmed down, and the Qing government strictly ordered the compensation of foreign people to compensate for losses. Wen Huanzhang also received a compensation. Since then, Wen Huan Zhang An Jialeshan has not only re -preached the opening of the Jiading Printing Factory, but also purchased a piece of land located on Baita Street for the construction of churches, pharmacies and schools. The school later named it into Germany Primary School; the pharmacy was later changed to the Women's School, and it was renamed Jinde Kindergarten. It was the predecessor of Baita Street Kindergarten. At that time, Chinese people were still misunderstood by Western medicine. Wen Huan Zhang often rushed to set up stalls with colleagues to set up stalls in the intersection of Su Ji, Shuikou, to promote western medicine knowledge. "Red Beard Foreigner" is the name of Jiading people to him.

The former residence of Wen Youzhang (Photo by Tang Changshou)

In 1898, Wen Huanzhang's second son Wen Youzhang (1898-1993) was born in Baita Street. Wen Youzhang's childhood spent happily in Chengdu, Leshan, Renshou and other places until he returned to China at the age of 12. In 1926, after marriage, he came to China. In the decades later, he was committed to the world's peace and friendly cause as a "red missionary" and gave a lot of help to the Chinese Anti -Japanese War and the Communist Party of China. Wen Youzhang's Chinese is very good. Guo Moruo has commented that he "can speak Chinese as one of the only foreigners who have been in the same way with the Chinese."

In 1947, Wen Huanzhang left China and edited and published the Far East Communication of Canada at his own expense to publicize the introduction of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese Revolution. Since then, he has been invited to visit all parts of China. In 1965, the Chinese People's Association of Foreign Friendship awarded him the title of "People's Friendship Messenger", which was the highest honor given by the Chinese government to foreign friends.

Wen Huanzhang had deep feelings for Leshan's arms and visited many times. Leshan also established the former residence of the Wen Youzhang's former residence.

On November 27, 1993, 95 -year -old Wen Youzhang died in Canada. Following his will, some ashes were brought from Canada to Leshan into the Dadu River.

Wen Youzhang's Family in Baita Street (Picture Source: "Sanjiang Metropolis Daily")

Early, Biwen Huanzhang arrived at Leshan (1840-1904). In 1866, he was sent to China by the United States and the United States and the United States. In 1887, I traveled to Mount Emei. In 1895, due to the prosperity of the paper industry in Jiajiang, he went to Leshan to set up the Jiading Education Museum, that is, the later Jiading Printing Factory, and opened the Sichuan western -style printing technique. There are old photos opened by a printed factory, and a etiquette team composed of Chinese people in the photo plays many western musical instruments. This was probably an interesting scenery in Jiazhou.

Medical and linguist, Canadian Kai Erd (1867-1920) arrived at Leshan in 1892, opening the "medical love" of the three generations of the Kaier family and Leshan and Sichuan. In 1895, he first rented a residential clinic at the west of the city of Jiading City. Later, he participated in the creation of the Jiading Gospel Hospital and became the first Westerner to write Sichuan dialect and science books "Save the disease and save people". In April of that year, he and his second wife Qixian's son Qizhen Dao was born in Baita Street. And Qixian is about Mrs. Lid's "admirer", actively supporting the advocacy of the "football movement" and opposing Chinese women's foot binding. Because of their efforts, in 1895, Leshan established the first heavenly football meeting. After growing up, Qizhendao has been a doctor and teacher at the hospital founded by his father and Huaxi Xiehe University. He left Chengdu until he was invited by the University of Hong Kong in 1952. In addition, the eldest daughter of Qizhen Road, Mary Eleano, gave up university education in Canada and chose to study nurses at the Toronto Medical College. In 1949, he came to Sichuan for medical work as the third generation of the Kaier family. He left Sichuan in 1951 Essence For more than 70 years, the three generations of grandchildren have contributed the development of the western medical industry in China. Kai Erd, Chairman of the Council of West China Union University

Xie Daojian is also a doctor missionary. He arrived in Leshan in 1904 and lived and worked for 10 years. He participated in the establishment of Jiading Renji Hospital and cured more than 30 "addicts" by opium poisoning. At the entrance of Leshan's church, he adopted a stray teenager to fund his reading and medical medicine. Later, the teenager grew to become the first doctorate in my country in China. He was Huang Tianqi.

Dr. Xie Daojian

The longest life and work in Leshan may be counted as Kong Jingming. He came to Leshan in 1908 until he left in 1942. In 1917, the Dian army attacked Leshan, and he and his colleagues actively helped rescue the treatment of wounded. In 1927, Sichuan warlord Yang Sen and Liu Xiang started war and the war extended to Leshan. On behalf of the garrison in the city, he sat in the basket, waving the banner of the Red Cross, and went to Liu Xiangjun to negotiate and avoid bombarding the city tower. During the 32 spring and autumn of Leshan, Kong Jingming helped establish Jiading Sanyu Elementary School and Sanyu Church, established the Royal Cross Leshan County Branch, Leshan Zhonghua Sanyu Club, set up Yizuka, Yidu Bathhouses have made many efforts to promote the development of Leshan local public welfare charity.

Kong Jingming and his wife (Xu Shan confessed picture, picture source: cover news)

During the Republic of China, the Sanyu School donated by Mrs. Kong Mingming (Xu Shan, picture source: cover news)

In the first half of the 20th century, there are still Su Jixian, who has still architectural design experts and hosting the construction of the western architecture of Leshan in the Jiading Gospel Hospital, Church, etc., the first to translate the "Eshan Map" into English and introduce Emei Mountain to the world. Liang Zhenglun, the president of Leshan Renji Hospital and the first study of Leshan's local disease, Yao Shouren, who had a "book fate" with Zhao Xi, Rong County, and Bai Siren, who specializes in the influence of Western education on China, and 1909 Le. The missionary French missionary and Sha Xiu Dao of the Tienumen Gongxin Hospital, the first time in 1933 used the optical latitude and weft meter to measure the Leshan Buddha. Happy, and so on. In addition, there are many people who have lost their names.

Su Jixian

This group of people also has an important resort in Leshan -Xinkai Temple, Emeishan. In 1887, Heheqiu, Wen Huanzhang, Kai Er, and others built villas there, probably borrowed from the "Lingling" approach of Lushan in the same period. They signed a 99 -year -old rental contract with the monks of Emei Mountain, built 72 villas, 3 stadiums, and 1 swimming pool. In addition, there were churches, schools, shops, clinics, post office, bank branch office, etc. to form formed A relatively complete community. On August 11, 1916, a wedding was held here. The wedding host is Kong Jingming, and the bride is the Americans Mei Panshi. Mei Pan Shi is the friend of Kang You's daughter Kang Tongyi. Kang Tongzheng studied in the United States for a while in the Mei family, and he was in love with his sisters. Mei Panshi was one of the first two female missionaries to Jiading in 1906 and worked in Sichuan for 21 years. In Leshan, she is responsible for women's school affairs. At the annual meeting of January 6-13, 1914, she was appointed as the head of Ledshan Women. Her husband is a Canadian who has worked in Zigong since 1913. They met at Emeishan, and Emeian Mountain "witnessed" the love of this pair of western missionaries.

Source: Sichuan Provincial Local House Work Office

Supply: Party History and Local Chronicle Research Office of the Leshan Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China

Picture: Fang Zhi Sichuan

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