July-September is the "anthrax" high turnover season!Prevention, please do the following points!

In the past two years,

There are anthrax outbreaks in individual cities in Shandong Province,

Aroused the attention and concerns of the masses,

At present, it has reached the high incidence of this infectious disease again,

So, how can we avoid infection?

Today, the illness and control little guard will take everyone to come

Scientifically understand anthrax ~

1. What is anthrax?

Anthrax is a common infectious disease caused by anthracnogenia and animals. Animals mainly popular in herbivores such as beef, horses, and sheep. People are mainly infected by exposed to anthurium -sick animals and their products. The "Prevention and Control of the People's Republic of China" was listed as a class B infectious disease, of which the lung anthrax was managed according to class A infectious disease. Anthurium can occur all the year and four seasons, mainly in the case of skin anthracnose, from July to September a high incidence season. In recent years, there have been many anthracnose epidemic in Shandong Province.

2. Classification and symptoms of anthrax

1. Animal infection

Animals infected with anthrax are mainly manifested as: sudden death, soy sauce color is not easy to solidify, corpse stiffness, abdominal expansion and other characteristics. According to the speed of infection animals, its clinical symptoms can be divided into the most acute, acute and subacute.

▶ The most acute type: the most common in cattle, sheep, deer, fast death, common in normal physiological state, natural holes suddenly bleed, high breathing and heartbeat and spasm and fell to the ground.

▶ Acute type: Common in cattle and horses, manifested as fever, lack of energy, reduced appetite, mucous membranes, dark red urine, blood with vomit, blood, heartbeat and breathing extremely difficult.

▶ sub -acute type: It mainly occurs in pigs. It is more common in throat anthrax. The throat and nearby lymph nodes are swollen, swallowing and breathing difficulties. The neck movement is not flexible and often died of suffocation.

2. Human infection

According to the parts of the patient's main symptoms, the following categories can be divided into the following categories: skin anthrax, lung anthrax, intestinal anthracnose, and sometimes cause anthracnose sepsis and meningitis.

▶ Skin anthrax: Skin anthrax is the most common, accounting for about 95%. Diseases are more common in naked parts such as face, neck, shoulders, hands, and feet. They are mainly manifested in edema, rash or pimples, blisters, ulcers, and scorchs of local skin. The pain is not obvious, it itchy, and the ulcers do not pus. After 1 to 2 days of onset, symptoms such as fever, headache, and local lymph nodes occur.

▶ Lung anthrax: Only people will have anthrax, mostly infected infections, and occasionally occasionally occur in skin anthracnose. The first symptom of the "flu" of the lung anthrax, manifested as low fever, fatigue, full body discomfort, myogenous pain, cough, usually lasts about 48 hours, and then suddenly develops into an acute condition. , Hemorrhabbal, etc., can quickly appear coma and death, and the mortality rate can reach more than 90%.

▶ Intestinal anthrax: Intestinal anthrax can be manifested as acute enteritis or acute abdominal type. Patients may occur during acute enteritis type. Water samples, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, often complicated sepsis and infectious shock. If it is not treated in time, it can die in 2 to 4 days. The mortality rate is 25%to 60%.

▶ Anthurium sepsis and meningitis: There is very little primary nature, and it is mostly secondary to the above -mentioned type 3 anthracnose. This type of patients develop rapidly, and the mortality rate is almost 100%.

3. The way to spread anthrax

Anthrax animals and animal corpses died of anthracnose, soil, grassland, water, water, feed, and secretions and excretion of anthracnose are the main sources of this disease. Therefore, contact with infection (the skin is directly exposed to the diseased animal and its fur) is the main way to spread the disease; inhaled the dust with a large amount of fungus, gas -solid or eating bacteria, can occur in the lung anthracnose and intestinal anthracnose; Unexplained brush or bite with bacterial insects can occasionally cause disease; people can spread between people, but the probability of contacting patients is low.

4. The sensible crowd of anthrax

The crowd is generally susceptible. Most of them are people engaged in breeding and slaughtering livestock and selling related products. People engaged in the occupation of fur processing are also risky.

5. Treatment of anthrax

Anthrax is a bacterial disease. There are many broad -spectrum antibiotics effective. As long as early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment, the cure rate is very high, the prognosis is very good, generally no sequelae and few death cases, so Anthrax is not terrible, it can be prevented and cured.

6. How to prevent anthrax?

1. Ordinary crowd

▶ Pay attention to buying beef and mutton products from regular channels, and do not buy or eat and dying livestock or meat with unknown sources.

▶ Meat products and dairy products that are qualified for consumption inspection and quarantine should be cooked and separated during processing, and they should be cooked thoroughly when eating.

▶ Go to the pastoral area to avoid contact with animals such as cattle and horses, especially diseased animals or livestock.

2. Related professional people

▶ When introducing cattle and sheep, do a good job of quarantine work to prevent the introduction of sick livestock.

▶ Do not contact the source of infection. The source of anthrax is mainly sick and dead animals. It was found that animals such as cattle and sheep suddenly died. They did not contact, do not slaughter, do not eat, do not eat, do not buy and sell. The local agricultural animal husbandry department must be reported immediately.

▶ Immunization of livestock. In the epidemic area, the anthrax spore seedlings are injected once a year.

▶ Professional personnel engaged in slaughtering and fur processing should wear related protection such as masks and gloves during operation to avoid possible pathogenic bacteria caused by skin or inhalation.

▶ Once the symptoms of anthracnose are found or around, they should immediately report to the local health center or disease prevention and control institution, and seek medical treatment in time.At the same time, assisting professionals will recover suspicious animal products, so as not to cause the spread of the source of infection and cause more animal and human infection.Source: Jinan City Disease Control Center

Edit: Wang Jing

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