Earthquake Science | Living in a high -level earthquake, running up?

Speaking of the earthquake, many people's minds will emerge in the picture like Tangshan earthquake and the collapse of large -scale houses in the Wenchuan earthquake. I can't help but ask, today a large high -rise building collapsed when I encountered such a large earthquake, and there was no way to escape.

With the continuous development of the city, more and more high -rise buildings are in place, and the personnel in high -rise buildings are highly dense. What kind of protection should be taken when encountering an earthquake?

Now there is a saying that "when living in a high -rise building, you must run upstairs when you encounter an earthquake." Why do you want to run up?

It turned out that some people believed that once the earthquake caused the building to collapse, the possibility of being buried on the upper floor was relatively smaller than on the bottom, or some buildings were severely damaged under the bottom layer, and the high -rise preservation was better. The situation is therefore considered a safer high -level.

Some buildings on the Wenchuan earthquake are completely crushed, and the structure of the floor is relatively preserved.

Is this really true?

And listen to the editor to answer.

When the earthquake occurs, the building shakes with the ground movement, but the building subject is pushed by its own inertial force, and the movement of the opposite direction of the ground movement is moved. Therefore, this relatively directional movement will form A huge shear force can easily form a broken surface and cause the bottom destruction, or even collapse.

In the Earthquake Earthquakes such as the Tangshan earthquake and the Wenchuan earthquake, many houses have destroyed the bottom of the building because of the effect of this shear force, which led the building and even collapsed. And in order to make a layer more spacious, it is convenient for business or other purposes, the first floor is changed to large flat floors, but no other seismic reinforcement measures are taken, which leads to the support of the support of the building on the first floor. collapsed.

In this way, the shear force generated by the earthquake seems to be a destructive power of "indestructible". Facing it, is human beings helpless?

Of course not, scientists have summarized that the earthquake does not hurt people, and it is a building that hurts the earthquake.

In that way, the building is firmly built, and the requirements of earthquake resistance will not occur.

Our country attaches great importance to earthquake resistance and prevention work, constantly revise and improve and improves the standards for earthquake resistance, and uses the concept of "small shock is not bad, medium earthquake can be repaired, and the earthquake will not fall". The building, even in a large earthquake, can achieve a devastating collapse of the main structure. In particular, high -rise buildings will focus on the role of earthquake shear power in the earthquake design, and will not cause devastating destruction due to damage to the earthquake when encountering a large earthquake.

And in order to further ensure the safety of the building's earthquake, over the years, various countries have developed a series of earthquake anti -earthquake measures, such as installing the damping device to offset the external force of the building and reducing the shaking range of the upper part of the building. A layer of seismic support between the upper structure of the building and the foundation can be used to pass the energy of isolation earthquake energy and so on.

In addition, earthquakes are the process of occurring in an instant. The strong earthquake shaking makes it very difficult to run and escape during the earthquake, not to mention, the shaking amplitude of high -rise buildings will become greater with the increase of the floor. The position of moving the body is almost impossible. Even if you are fortunate to be able to move your footsteps, move your body, where can you move within ten or tens of seconds of seismic attacks?

On January 17, 1995, a magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurred in Kobe, Japan. Due to a straight down earthquake, the city was near the earthquake, the earthquake was destructive, and the buildings and infrastructure were greatly destroyed. According to the China Earthquake Inspection Team's "Japan -Japanese Earthquake Investigation" report, in this earthquake, whether the house has performed earthquake resistance, the ending is very different. The old houses in the 1960s were the most severe. In the 1980s, the damage to houses designed and constructed in accordance with the norms of new buildings was small. The figure below shows a high -rise building designed according to the new specifications according to the Japanese earthquake intensity table as the ⅴ 下 area, which is equivalent to the Diandu District of my country. The damage was formed in a clear contrast. Therefore, during the earthquake, you have no time and conditions in high -rise buildings to go upstairs, nor should you take such adventurous and unscientific behaviors.

Explain so much, how should the earthquake should be properly responding in high -rise buildings?

Once you feel shaking, you still need to use the "Voltage, Observation, Grabbing" earthquake method!

Compared with the low floor, the shaking amplitude of high -rise buildings will become larger and larger as the floor increases. At this time, the indoor items will be easier to fall or splash.

Secondly, the hand must be firmly grasped to prevent people from being thrown out;

Furthermore, to stay away from the window, many high -rise floor -to -ceiling windows are set up, the glass is fragile, and it is easy to hurt people. If the window is too close, it may be thrown out of the room, causing greater damage;

Finally, after the shaking is over, then go downstairs through the ladder and evacuate to the open space outdoors. This is the correct way for high -rise buildings to deal with the earthquake!

references:

Wu Yuxia, the principle of small earthquake-earthquake must be read;

Zhang Zijing and others, rationally think about the earthquake resistance of the masonry structure in the Wenchuan earthquake

Source: Zhenzhi Zhuojian

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