Promote ecological restoration, strengthen scientific research monitoring, Tibet -protect the glacier snow mountain to protect the plateau ecology (beautiful China)

Rice pile glacier.

Reporter Xu Yaoyao Photo

Core reading

Glacier Snow Mountain is an important part of the ecological environment of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. In recent years, Tibet has continuously strengthened the protection of glacier snow mountain resources, strengthened management levels, and carried out scientific research based on the unique geographical environment of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau, and strived to protect the snowy plateau in a more scientific way.

Glacier Snow Mountain is not only a beautiful scenery, but also an important natural resource. In recent years, Tibet has vigorously carried out the protection of glacier snow mountains and strives to protect the snowy plateau in a more scientific way.

Glacier Snow Mountain--

An important part of the plateau ecological environment

Pu Ruogang Glacier is located in the National Nature Reserve of Qiangtang, Tibet. It is between 6000 meters and 6,800 meters above sea level. It covers an area of ​​more than 400 square kilometers. It is the largest and low -latitude glaciers in the world.

On the way to the Glacier to Pu Ruo Gang, Baima Sangpei, the person in charge of the Ya Amu Management Station of the National Nature Reserve of Tibet, told reporters that since 2018, various types of tourism reception services have been suspended from 2018. At present Continuous recovery.

Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world and one of the most well -known snowy mountains. In recent years, with the continuous protection of protection, the ecology of the surrounding area of ​​Everest has become better. A few days ago, the second Qinghai -Tibet Science and Tibetan examination "Peak Mission 2022 — Comprehensive Scientific Investigation Research on the High Altitude Area of ​​Everest", which was launched in May this year, released a number of preliminary research results. Scientific examination experts believe that the vegetation coverage of the National Nature Reserve of Mount Everest has improved the overall improvement of vegetation coverage. Especially after 2010, vegetation coverage has continued to increase, and the degree of vegetation improvement in core areas and buffers is better than the experimental area and the neighbor areas.

According to the estimation of the Second Qinghai -Tibet Science Examination Team, the glacial area of ​​the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and the surrounding high mountain areas is about 100,000 square kilometers, and the area of ​​snow is about 300,000 square kilometers throughout the year. From the perspective of reserves, the ice reserves of the glacier in this area are about 8,850 cubic kilometers, and the amount of water is transformed into about 8 trillion cubic meters.

These glaciers are an important part of the ecological environment of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau. They are not only the source of many surface runoffs, which nourish the development of plateau water systems, but also profoundly affects the surrounding ecological environment.

Zhu Haifeng, a researcher at the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, focused on the relationship between glaciers and surrounding trees in the southeast of Tibet. "The changes in glaciers have a profound impact on the growth of the surrounding trees. The long -term glacier advance and retreat also changes the type of vegetation at the end of the glacier." Zhu Haifeng introduced.

Protect--

Multiple measures to protect the plateau ecology

Yao Tandong, the captain of the Second Qinghai -Tibet Science and Entrance Examination Team and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told reporters that from 1976 to 2010, the area of ​​6 lakes such as the sources of the river and lake source in the central part of the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau expanded by 20.2%. The water level of coloring, Nami Wrong, and Panto Lake is more obvious than that of non -glacier supply lakes. According to reports, under the influence of glacier melting water, the area of ​​coloring the second largest lake in Tibet has grown rapidly. Now it has surpassed Nami Wo, becoming the largest lake in Tibet.

The changes in glaciers are mainly due to global warming, but they are also affected by some other factors. The staff of the Meteorological Bureau of the Tibet Autonomous Region found that during the field inspection in the wild, it was found that the cavity, fracture, and cracks caused by glaciers in the Glacier in the northern Lhasa, and the surface was covered on the surface. The senior engineer of the Meteorological Bureau of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Laba Zhuoma, introduced that during the stacking effect of the glaciers, the accumulation of debris composed and handled by the glaciers was called ice crickets, also known as glacier sediments. With the melting of some glaciers, these debris expose to the surface of the glacier to form a surface of the ice body. "Table coverage will accelerate the melting of glaciers, and the generation of some tablets is caused by human activities. Therefore, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions, it should also reduce human activities in the glacier area." Laba Zhuoma said.

In Langkazi County, Shannan City, the police at the Puma River Tong Border Police Station had an important mission to guard the Gangbu Glacier located in their jurisdiction.

In September 2021, in order to better protect the cloth glacier, the relevant local departments issued an announcement, announcing that the Gang cloth glacier "except for scientific research and resource survey and other needs to prohibit all tourism activities." On the road leading to Gangbu Glacier, the police at the Puma River Tong Border Police Station set up a whistle card to carry out persuasion to work on tourists who want to go to glacier tourism.

In addition to travel, mountaineering activities are also strictly controlled. The State General Administration of Sports Mountain Sports Management Center and the Sports Bureau of the Tibet Autonomous Region jointly issued an announcement on carrying out mountaineering activities in accordance with the law, which clearly states that mountaineering activities should be carried out in the Tibet Autonomous Region Sports Bureau 1 month before the implementation of the event. Application. The announcement states that the climbing organization and climbers should also abide by relevant regulations to protect the ecological environment of the peak. All climbing organizations and climbers illegally climbing, and the Sports Bureau of the Autonomous Region will be notified and administrative penalties.

research--

Continuously strengthen observation research

A 30 -meter -high monitoring tower -Lhasa River Glacier Glacier Stereo Monitoring Platform stands at the end of the Glacier of the Qiongqiong River. In addition to the monitoring tower, the second Qinghai -Tibet Science and Tibetan examination team also set up an ice -surface automatic weather station, ice temperature and displacement monitor.

Since the completion of the monitoring tower and other facilities in 2020, the research team led by Yao Tandong has also continued to promote the construction of the Lhasa River No. 1 Glacket Glacier Protection Station. According to reports, the observation of the Glacier Glacier of the Qionggang will reveal the characteristics and mechanisms of glacier changes in different climate modes, and clarify the supply process and contribution of the runoff of the water runoff to the ladctom flow of the mountain.

"Peak Mission 2022 -Research on Comprehensive Scientific Investigation of Mount Everest Extremely High -altitude Regional Region" has more than 270 scientific research team members in 16 scientific research groups, involving 5 core tasks, all related to the unique geographical characteristics of the Everest area -to use Protecting Everest more scientific ways is one of the important purpose of this round of scientific research.

Monitoring glaciers are not only to enhance people's understanding of glaciers, and to better protect ice and snow resources, but also to monitor potential disasters, and avoid secondary disasters caused by changes in glaciers.

In the mountainous mountains in the southeast of Tibet, Chen Huayong, a researcher at the Institute of Mountain Disaster and Environmental Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Water Resources, is conducting scientific observations. The huge ice lakes formed at the end of the glacier may be a beautiful scenery for tourists, but Chen Huayong knows that many ice lakes may also mean risks. "Glacier changes are based on ten years, but the occurrence of many disasters is in an instant. Continuous high temperatures in a short time cause glacier ablation and super strong rainfall are the main reasons for inducing these disasters." Chen Huayong told reporters.

Therefore, strengthening monitoring is very important. Many years ago, the older generation of scientific workers generally adopted on -site observation to judge the changes in glaciers to evaluate the disaster. Today, scientific equipment is constantly improving, and Chen Huayong and others have been able to carry out disaster warning related work more scientific and efficiently.

"In the sky, we have high -definition remote sensing, satellite cloud maps, meteorological radars, and drones; on the ground, we set up contact alarm, ground sound alarm, ultrasonic mud alarm equipment, which together form a monitoring The network, effectively monitor the small changes in glaciers. "Chen Huayong said.

(Source: "People's Daily" (No. 14, July 25, 2022) Reporter: Xu Yaoyao)

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