When the summer is coming, will the sunscreen on the beach harm the ocean?Experts said that the sunscreen or coral "killer" you painted

Speaking of seaside vacations, what do you think of? Sunlight? Beach? Waves? cactus? Maybe there is a bottle of sunscreen. Recently, Shenzhen's summer is intense, and they encounter Sanfu Tian. Many citizens go to the sea to play. In order to avoid skin sunburn and sunburn, sunscreen products may be applied. Recently, the reporter's attention was concerned that a study published in the magazine in Science recently showed that the research on the sunscreen used by people's daily life could be converted into optical toxin, which caused a fatal impact on corals to cause a fatal impact on corals Essence Is sunscreen really harmful to corals? On July 23, a long night reporter interviewed several experts and learned that sunscreen or coral "killer" painted by citizens.

▲ Liao Baolin grows corals on the bottom of Shenzhen.

The sunscreen in sunscreen is divided into two categories: inorganic and organic

Corals are versatile and versatile, with gorgeous and beautiful appearance. Liao Baolin, director of the Coral Conservation Center of the Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, has been engaged in the restoration of the coral reef ecology for many years. He introduced to the late night reporter that the sunscreen in the sunscreen is divided into inorganic sunscreens and organic sunscreens. The two most commonly used inorganic sunscreens are nano -titanium dioxide TIO₂ (NTIO₂) and nano -zinc Zno (NZNO). The most commonly used organic sunscreens are mainly 7 categories, including diezolone, diibazolic methane, camphor Derivatives, cyanocylite, aminolybine, cinnamic acid, and benzozole. The chemical ingredients of inorganic sunscreen are highly stable, and it is difficult to be decomposed or transformed in the ocean, and organic sunscreens can be transformed through various ways such as direct lighting, self -sensitivity light solution, and indirect light solution.

▲ Liao Baolin shoots coral reefs on the bottom of the sea.

"A sunscreen can occur at the same time. Once entering the ocean, it is affected by various physical and chemical factors such as sea flow, waves, and high salinity. Complex migration and transformation occur. Its form, distribution status and toxic effects Continuous changes. "Liao Baolin said that the toxic mechanism of inorganic sunscreens includes oxidative damage, physical damage, ion release, etc.; Organic sunscreen shows negative effects such as oxidation damage, endocrine interference, neurotoxicity, and biocolvement.

Liao Baolin analyzed that two types of sunscreens with different toxic mechanisms show that they have different threats to marine life. Corals have very high requirements for marine environment and water quality. The coexistence of yellow algae in its body is a very sensitive creature. Extremely trace sunscreens may cause the death of insect yellow algae, causing coral albinization to die.

▲ Beautiful coral reef in Shenzhen.

Extremely trace sunscreen may also cause coral bleaching death

How many sunscreens will cause harm to corals? Liao Baolin told the reporter in the deep evening that there are few studies that how many doses of sunscreen will cause significant harm to corals. However, the current experiments conducted by scientific research teams in multiple sea areas show that even a very small amount of sunscreen will cause a large amount of coral mucus to exudate in 18 to 48 hours, and make corals completely alternately in 96 hours.

Liu Lei, a chemical teacher of Shenzhen Nanshan Foreign Language School, who has long been concerned about Shenzhen's environmental protection business for a long time, introduced to a late night reporter that as early as February 3, 2017, the journal "Nature" reported a foreign proposal: except for the situation of medical kitchen, It is forbidden to sell sunscreen containing hydroxyzyl and methoxy cinnamic acid, because the sunscreen containing these two ingredients may be coral reef killers.

▲ Coral community on the bottom of Shenzhen.

Liu Lei said that hydroxylzyl is a slightly yellow crystalline powder and a commonly used ultraviolet absorbent, which is often used in sunscreen skin care products. Although hydroxylthone can absorb ultraviolet rays, it is also easy to cause skin allergies. Studies have pointed out that long -term use of hydroxyzyl ketone will affect the human body's immunity and reproductive ability.

Liu Lei also mentioned that the above proposal was also based on a 2015 research results. This paper was led by Craig Downs, executive director of the Non -profit scientific research organization HARETICUS Environmental Laboratory, and published it in "Environmental Pollution and Toxicology". The results of the study show that low -concentration of hydroxylthone can cause fatal damage to corals, which is equivalent to only 6.5 standard swimming pools of a water concentration of hydroxyzyl ketones, which will cause damage to corals.

▲ The death of coral bleaching is shocking.

Another set of data also shows that low -dose sunscreens may also cause coral albinization to die. Liu Lei said that the research team of Roberto Danovaro, a Italian scientist, pointed out through experimental research in 2008. It is estimated that about 4,000 to 6,000 tons of sunscreen every year was washed from the people in the sea to the sea. These sunscreen contains ingredients (usually also widely used ingredients), including four compounds such as hydroxybenzoate, cinnamic acid salt, dietthone, and methyl anecamin camphor. Below, it will also stimulate the virus in the symbiotic algae of the coral to attack the symbiotic algae, indirectly cause the coral to bleach or even die. After the death of the symbiotic algae is released into the seawater, it will increase the concentration of the surrounding seawater virus. The infection rate of algae.

▲ Liao Baolin performed the ecological restoration of coral reefs on the bottom of Shenzhen.

Experts remind you not to ignore environmental protection while doing sun protection

In daily life, how to sunscreen is the best? How should coral be protected? The coral reef ecological restoration team led by Liao Baolin planted more than 60,000 corals in Shenzhen. He introduced to the late night reporter that the water quality conditions of the eastern part of Shenzhen can maintain a type of sea water quality standards for the year. The rate is about 30%. However, because of the high concentration of suspension such as sediment in the near -shore waters, the seawater visibility is not high, and there is still a certain threat to the growth of corals. ▲ Liao Baolin's team performed the ecological restoration of coral reefs on the bottom of the sea.

In Liao Baolin's view, not only the use of sunscreen by the sea will affect corals. In daily life, the sunscreen used by citizens also flows through the sewer to the ocean. "Because the chemical composition of the sunscreen is very stable, even if the sewage is treated, it is difficult to degrade these sunscreens, and it will eventually flow to the sea." Liao Baolin said that as a diver, he basically did not apply sunscreen. In order to prevent skin sunburn, it is recommended that citizens can appropriately apply some repaired aloe vera gels to add more water and so on.

▲ The death of coral bleaching is shocking.

Liu Lei suggested that citizens use mineral sunscreen products such as non -nano -titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. In daily life, when citizens do a good job of sun protection, they should also pay attention to environmental protection. Choosing shade clothing and wearing a sun hat is the most managed way to prevent UV rays.

Shenzhen Evening News reporter Wu Jie intern Huang Xiujia / Wen Liao Baolin / Picture

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