How does the wisdom of General Airport break the situation?

● Smart civil aviation leads the wisdom of General Airport, facilitate passengers travel, and serve new formats for navigation

● Digital technology empower the new format of drones, General Airport will usher in new users and opportunities

● Smart GM Airport will provide strong support for building a "well -functional general aviation system", helping to achieve the goal of civil aviation power.

Future drone operation scenes

"Wisdom" is the core element of "type 4 airport", the basic principle of the construction of a strong civil aviation country, and an important starting point for the high -quality development of the industry. It has become the main line of civil aviation development during the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" period. In the traditional understanding, General Airport is based on visual flight, the number of passengers has a small amount of transportation, the special equipment on the ground is limited, and the level of wisdom is not high. However, with the in -depth advancement of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and the rapid development of emerging formats such as drones, digital, intelligent, and networked are taking root at general airports.

Ganzhong, full network connection

Serving the people's beautiful airlines

UAV performs flight inspection tasks at branch airport

In order to expand the application of General Aviation, the Civil Aviation Administration first launched a pilot of short -distance transportation in Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. After successful, it began to be fully promoted. In 2020, the short -distance transportation of navigation was 14,600 hours, 56,500 transport passengers, and 75 routes were opened. , 89 transportation and general airports covering 20 provinces, autonomous regions and cities.

Despite its rapid development, short -distance transportation of General Aviation accounts for only about 1%of the total flight volume of nationwide navigation, and the number of routes accounts for 1.4%of the total number of routes. Passengers' transportation volume only accounts for one thousandth of the national aviation. The yearning for good travel. The reason is that there are traditional "hard" factors such as the inconvenience of the use of the airspace and the limited number of airports, and there are also "soft" constraints such as the "Zhitong" flight connection, the consistency of the airport service, and the convenience of ticket sales.

To this end, the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Civil Aviation Development Plan proposes to "build a two -wing -winged, wide and more efficient" aviation service system for "build transportation aviation and general aviation. As the implementation, the Civil Aviation Administration issued the "Civil Aviation Administration's Innovation of the" Corporation, Full Internet Union "service model implementation opinions", through improvement of regulations, conducting pilot demonstrations, building service platforms, optimizing resource allocation, and improving guarantee capabilities. Integrate to the civil aviation transportation network to achieve the universal access to transport airports and general airports.

Specific in terms of general airports, one is the intelligentization of operation services, including General Airport accessing passenger departure safety supervision systems, building a flight information system for a short -distance transportation route to achieve the integration and interconnection of the flight information system of the dry support route; the second is to enhance the passenger experience , Pilot the mutual recognition of transportation airports and general airport security inspection standards, mutual recognition, and mutual recognition of results; third, continuously improve the facilitation of transit, optimize resource allocation, and short -distance transport take -off and landing does not take up the total amount of transportation airports.

By achieving the interconnection of general airports and transportation airports, the integration and integration management service system that is strict and moderate, and smoothly connects, will realize the short -distance transportation service of "people enjoy their travel", and effectively promote the universalization of short -distance transportation services. Enhance the people's sense of gain for the construction of civil aviation power.

Drone protection

Towards the forefront of digital operation

Smart cockpit

Civilian driverless airlines have become a new momentum for the development of the civil aviation industry. Data show that in 2021, the annual flying volume of Chinese citizen drones has reached 18.4 million hours, which is a magnitude of magnitude higher than the traditional flight volume of people in my country, exceeding the amount of transportation of transportation. More importantly, in the context of the rapid development of digital technology and industrial revolution, the boundaries of future roads, railways, water transportation, aviation, and rails can be expected to gradually blur, and a new transportation method is generated under the support of intelligent operation technology. Therefore, the airport drone protection not only supports my country's traditional civil aviation format to the digital operation, but also has important strategic significance for future transportation layout.

Out of various considerations such as some people and unmanned fusion operations, the airport drone protection at this stage is mostly at general airports, and the operation of drones has accounted for about half of the operating volume of some general airports.

At present, most of the drones running at General Airports are mostly medium and large drones, mainly for scientific research flights, delivery test flights, scientific tests, and various operations. In terms of specific implementation, the communication, navigation, surveillance, information, and control services required for drone operations are large different from human -machine. Generally, the flight organization unit is guaranteed by itself. However, with the increase in the volume of drones, the increasing number of Human -machine and drones in the same field. At present, General Airports solve the conflict through some pre -measures. For example, the relevant manuals are formulated, and the qualifications of the drone unit running in the same field are required to set up the level and vertical interval between the human aircraft and the drone. The unit dispatched professional commanders on the tower to communicate in real time and use ADS-B for real-time monitoring.

Many places take a step in this field. Sichuan Zigong Fengming General Airport built a 2500 -meter drone -specific runway next to the original runway. It is filed according to the Class B general airport to achieve physical isolation between human -computer and drones. Yulin Jingbian, Shaanxi, for testing drone testing and verification, specially built a special airport of A1.

According to planning documents such as the "Fourteenth Five -Year Plan" Civil Aviation Development Plan, and "Smart Civil Aviation Construction Road Map", the next five years will be the critical stage of drone rural logistics and urban distribution from concept to reality. In order to ensure the operation of logistics drones, professional drone logistics airports will gradually appear.

Although it is difficult to describe such airports in detail now, they should have at least distinctive intelligence characteristics, including but not limited to: one is to adapt to automation and large -scale logistics and storage, and the other is to adapt to the digital operation of the drone. The third is to ensure the high -density operation of drones to meet the requirements of logistics transportation. Facing 2035, looking forward to 2050, drones will become the main way of transportation for human daily travel. According to the relevant research from NASA and other institutions, the airport will have high automation characteristics in the future, and the computer to the people will be realized in the aircraft's daily production and operation of air control, ground operation, machine apron, guidance supervision, meteorological, refueling/charging and other work. Replace. High -level automation is the basic feature of General Airport in the future, and it is also the fundamental guarantee for its high -density operation. The core of this type of airport is the smart system at the airport. A super system that supports airport flight sorting, management, communication, alarm and resource scheduling. It consists of multiple independent software systems. It is the automatic and high -capacity operation of drone airports in the future. core.

From the existing airport infrastructure drone protection, to the logistics -specific drone airport, to the automatic digital airport, this is the potential path of digitalization of General Airport in the future. As the intelligent level of civil aviation is getting higher and higher, intelligence will become the main direction of the development of general airports.

Remote tower

Crack the problem of general airport control problems

The normal operation of General Airport requires a certain amount of air management personnel and equipment, but on the one hand, the general airport is remote, and there is a problem of unable to recruit or keep the registered license. On the other hand, control equipment and facilities The highest account for 30%of the total investment of General Airport, and the control has become a problem for the airport. More importantly, compared to transport airports, the characteristics of general airport control cannot be summarized in "simple". There are more than 20 regulators of branch airports. The job division of labor is clear and the workflow is complete. Two ~ 3 managers, but the types of flying are diverse, the one -job is more capable of coordinating the workload, the airport equipment is small, and the reliability is low.

The long -range tower is a new type of command method of the traditional tower management from the airport to a centralized remote command center through modern information technology. Adopting the remote tower command, you can reduce the cost of decentralized construction of each airport through a centralized construction, especially suitable for the characteristics of the number of human resource allocation with a small number of total flight stands of General Airport; What's more important is that the remote tower brings richer control information than the traditional tower, which improves the efficiency and safety of airport operations.

The remote tower system consists of front -end video surveillance system, back -end fusion processing system, terminal centralized command center, and transmission network. Specifically, through the collection of front -end video equipment and back -end stitching processing, the command center can view the airport running panoramic real -time screen. With the help of the special transmission network, the delay is delayed within 1 second to ensure that the controller is close to the traditional tower conditions in the remote tower. Scenario consciousness and perception ability. At the same time, the command center also connects data information such as plans, meteorology, intelligence, surveillance, etc. in the area, which will help improve operational efficiency and safety level.

Navigation remote monitoring

At present, the provincial, autonomous regions and municipalities generally promote the construction of general airports and low -altitude flight service systems by provincial platforms, and provides unique conditions for the promotion of remote tower applications in general airports. With the increasingly perfect remote tower technology, the provincial -level general aviation remote tower control center can be constructed through the provincial navigation platform, which can solve outstanding problems such as small tasks of a single general airport, dispersion of traffic, and difficult to retain personnel. Equipment investment is more than 50%, to better play the effectiveness of low -altitude reform of the provincial region, and to solve the problem of difficulty in making revenue in the provincial -level flying service center. (Author Yu Yi is a researcher for China Civil Aviation Management Cadre Academy)

Edit | Kim Jieni

School Division | Zhang Tong

Review | Cheng Ling

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