The "two mountain platforms" are getting clearer and clearer: resources come from farmers 'funds to farmers' hands

Zhejiang News Client reporter Shen Jingjing Li Shichao's key

Recently, the construction and operation management guide drafted by Huzhou City and County and Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Standardization Research Institute was officially released.

This is another step in the local deepening reform after the establishment of a municipal platform at the end of April -Huzhou Liangshan Ecological Resources Operation Company. The purpose is to upgrade the pilot experience to local standards, while clarifying the series and requirements of ecological resource confirmation, collection and storage, trading, etc.

A mountain, a stream, one acre bamboo forest, a cubic meter of air ... Ecological value, although the calculation of the total product value (GEP) of the ecosystem, etc., is evaluated, but the fragmented and difficult mortgage problems have greatly affected the realization of product realization. Essence To this end, since 2020, the two mountain companies of Anji, Chun'an, Kaihua and other places have emerged as a major platform for green water and green mountains to Jinshan Yinshan.

The construction of the common wealth demonstration area to fully realize the value of ecological products is not only the path to increase the property income of rural residents, and the gap between the area and urban and rural areas. How does this platform exert greater energy? What resources to store, how to leverage social capital, and how to establish a distribution mechanism is three key issues.

Deqing County Lake National Wetland Park. Photo Conferring in Xiahuhu Street

Solving the problem of resource confirmation and accounting

In the past few days, villagers from Malijia Niomo Village, Shanchuan Township, Anji County, under the guidance of agricultural technical experts, mortar grass, insects, and fertilization of paddy fields. 130 acres of deserted fields for many years have bred vitality again.

Everything is attributed to Anji Liangshan Company. According to the company's deputy general manager Wang Xiaogang, starting at the beginning of the year, they successively collected more than 1,000 acres of wasteland, "non -grainization" rectification place, etc., attracting the Luoli Army team of the Shanghai Agricultural Biological Gene Center to promote the lower labor costs, the application of pesticide fertilizers and the application. "Seeds, fertilizers and technology are uniformly provided, and the rice is repurchased after mature. It is expected to have a total output of 500,000 kg this year and the output value of 1.8 million yuan."

Farmland, not only producing food, but also to maintain the functions of soil and water, which is a typical ecological resource. But similar to forests, beaches, etc. Affected by terrain and industrial development, some of them are scattered in urban and rural areas, and some are difficult to benefit.

The original intention of the establishment of Liangshan Company was to create a platform -drawing on the concept of "zero deposit and rectification" of commercial banks, and the collection and storage of scattered, fragmented, and idle ecological resources, "packaged" into an ecological asset package or project, and then Through market transactions and other methods, fully realize resource value.

Taking Huzhou as an example, in the past two years, starting from Anji, there have been 23 cities, counties, township -level two mountain companies, and 23 municipal and township -level two -mountain companies, with 24,000 acres of idle land, 880,000 acres of forest land, and 378 farm houses, forming more than 200 projects.

Drifting projects under the collection and storage of Anji Liangshan Company attracted many tourists. Correspondent Hong Fen

"Why do we build a municipal platform? I hope to set up a standardized channel between Green Water and Green Mountain and Jinshan Yinshan." Wang Ming, director of the Resources Save and Reform Commission of the Huzhou Municipal Development and Reform Commission, said that next, they will focus on the focus on Ecological resource identification standards, collection and storage standards, property rights systems, and regional carbon exchange settlement systems are formulated to prepare for large -scale transactions.

"Most ecological resources are concentrated in rural areas, and the main battlefields of the value of ecological products are also in the countryside. Liangshan Company, as the main starting point for the establishment of a sound implementation mechanism of ecological product value in our province, should first clarify its functional positioning and not deviate from the runway. Zheng Qiwei, chief expert of Zhejiang Development Planning Institute. He participated in the preparation of pilot programs in Lishui, Huzhou and other places, and continued to track the Anji reform process.

In his opinion, from the beginning of the collection and storage resources, the two -mountain company should clearly explicitly operate the scope -not only considering tangible resources, nor can the scope of assets be infinitely expanded, otherwise it is easy to "collide" with existing platforms such as Qiangcun Company.

It is not difficult to find that changing the content and scope of the collection of storage resources is one of the directions for deepening reform. Among them, carbon exchange is a large popular and breakthrough.

On December 28 last year, Anji Liangshan Company took the lead in setting up the two paddy bamboo forest carbon exchange and storage and trading centers, and won four institutions including China Agricultural Development Bank Anji County Sub -branch to jointly grant 4 billion yuan in credit to start carbon exchange collection. Storage. At present, the total number has reached 25,000 tons.

In Dali Village, Shanchuan Township, I ate the first batch of crabs. After the carbon flow of 5425 mu of bamboo forest was transferred to the center, it received 275,500 yuan in three years of receiving and storage. "Once there is an enterprise to buy foreign exchange, the center will return 70%to 80%of the net profit to the village." Ying Zhongdong, the secretary of the village party branch, said that the money was greatly inspired by the villagers. Right now, in order to improve the carbon ability of bamboo forests, many villagers re -carry their machetes, trim bamboo shoots, and maintain wool bamboo.

The scope of resource collection and storage has brought unexpected gains from tangible to intangible changes.

"The platform is unwilling to collect intangible resources, there are several reasons. The first question lies in confirmation, such as carbon exchange, who the property rights belong to, and the law is not yet clear. Ecological assets enter the market. Whether there is a premium and how to pricing is difficult. Determine. "Zheng Qiwei analyzed.

There is no precedent to follow, you can only explore by yourself. Liu Hongfei, Director of the Resources Salvation and Environmental Protection Division of the Luzhou Development and Reform Bureau, said that last year, they took the pilot of the opening of the land and incorporated the average of the land into the pitter value evaluation factor. , Clean water fish pricing, etc., will fluctuate accordingly. At present, the market price of Kaihua Clear Waterfish is about 40 yuan per catty, and the premium rate is 300%. "That is to say, with this attempt, ecological service products are attached to tangible products. Property rights and premiums are clearly clarified.

Let ecological products leverage more social capital

How does Green Water Qingshan really become Jinshan Yinshan? The key is to put ecological assets in a broad market, and through the transfer of use rights transactions, they can be realized into funds.

"During the transaction, the more social capital, the more vibrant industrial development is," said Pan Zimin, the person in charge of the Liangshan Company of Huzhou. However, at present, the market has not yet formed a unified understanding of ecological products, especially to recognize the value of intangible ecological products for a while. In addition, there are assessment requirements for the number of projects in various places. "This makes the transformation of intangible resources and it is difficult to get out of the county. When the transformation of tangible resources, state -owned capital investment is large."

This judgment can be confirmed from the transactions of two mountain companies in many places. Recently, the province's first wetland carbon exchange transaction completed by Deqing has achieved the value of the ecological products of Xiazhu Lake Wetland to a certain extent, but the buyer is still a local enterprise, which symbolizes the significance of the market.

In addition, it can also be found that projects in various places can also find that state -owned enterprises such as the State Grid and Nongfa Group, as well as the two mountain companies themselves, have undertaken the tasks such as the procurement of ecological products and the activation of idle assets. For example, Chun'an requires more than 5 projects such as the construction of future villages and "hollow villages" activation projects.

"It is equivalent to Party A and B's own investment. It is equivalent to Party A and Party B. It has the risk of heavy asset operation. The project's sustainable operation effect needs to be observed." Zheng Qiwei believes that it is necessary to conduct a rational analysis of the expectations of the two mountain companies in various places. " If Liangshan Company turns into rural property rights transactions and project investment platforms, the road will become narrower and narrower. "

Affected by factors such as epidemic and consumption, the enthusiasm of social capital investment in cultural tourism, agricultural travel and other projects has declined. The more such a moment, the more the two mountain companies play a role in "four or two pounds".

"What should be done in the market and letting the market do it, it can stimulate social investment vitality and help the industry's sustainable and healthy development." During the interview, the heads of Changshan County Liangshan Company told their "proud work."

In 2015, a Shanghai enterprise was introduced in the county and established Zhejiang Pomius Valley Investment Management Co., Ltd. to specialize in the deep processing of Hu Pomelo. However, the investment in agricultural projects is large and the cycle is long. After several years of operation, the grapefree valley encountered a bottleneck of funds. "At the critical moment, we collect 300,000 pomelo trees and return to the enterprise to operate." The person in charge said that 25 million yuan of funds not only "rescued" the company's life, but also drove more than 570 million subsequent social investment.

In the first half of this year, the amount of beverages such as Pomelo Fragrant Valley Double Pomelo juice rolled several times, and the output value of the deep processing industry of Changshan Hu Pomelo reached 1 billion yuan.

It is understood that in order to solve problems such as "unable to invest" and "dare not invest", Changshan has also set up five sub -platforms such as "agricultural industry investment" under the two mountain companies for a year to provide services such as equity investment and support project landing. In the first half of this year, a total of 2.8 billion yuan in social capital had been leveraged.

Global came to Qiandao Lake. By the end of last year, Chunan Ligama Company implemented 56 transformation projects, with a total investment of 1.998 billion yuan. Among them, 1.38 billion yuan was social investment, accounting for nearly 75%. "Our ideas are also changing." The relevant person in charge of Liangshan Company told reporters that starting this year, in addition to visible and touched projects, they will focus on obtaining substantial breakthroughs in forest carbon exchange transactions and water rights transactions. Essence

Although the amount is not large, the transaction test of the intangible ecological assets also brings inspiration to various places.

"On the basis of formulating the unified standards and systems of the city, we want to use energy consumption indicators as a carrier to explore the construction of an ecological product trading system. Putting ecological products such as carbon exchange in town villages and other municipal digital platforms. The proportion is converted into energy consumption indicators. "Pan Zimin said that this move can not only help achieve the" dual carbon "goal, but also effectively transform the value of ecological products.

In this regard, Zheng Qiwei expressed its support, "As an ecological product, the energy consumption indicators are strongly restrained. If Huzhou takes this as a breakthrough, the first -loop of the city's closed loop from platform storage to market transactions will bring other places. Reference for reference. "

Qiangcun Fumin is the first goal

In the midsummer, the breeze was accompanied by the cicada and brushed the mountain. The fruits of the fruits in the stasis village in Yinkeng, Kaihua County, exuded a sweet atmosphere.

"Our grapes are very popular." Ye Zhiting, secretary of the village party branch, took the reporter into a modern greenhouse covering an area of ​​more than 100 acres. He saw a bunch of full -bodied purple grapes under the green vine.

Kaihua fishermen live happily. Kaihua Liangshan Group Photo Conference

Over the past year, the county Liangshan Group has successively collected 1407 acres of mountain forests, 314 acres of waters, and 620 acres of idle land. In addition to paying fixed "interest" to the villagers, they also introduced a Shanghai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. to build Qianjiangyuan Future Agricultural Demonstration Park. At present, the park has provided a total of hundreds of employment positions, bringing more than 100,000 yuan in rent and dividend income to nearly 100 households each year.

"We hope that resources will come from the hands of farmers and funds to farmers. Avoid transactions to red fire, but ordinary people will not get benefits, or the project fails to make a profit, and the collection of resources will be." Liu Hongfei Said, regardless of Zhejiang, no matter how the Liangshan Group develops, the rich village and rich people are the first goal. Data show that in the first five months of Luzhou, in the first five months of this year, except for interest and project dividends, the village has increased the collective income of 29.435 million yuan to help farmers increase the income of 73.766 million yuan.

Of course, in the situation of insufficient social investment and unfavorable project operations, it is necessary to ensure the village collective and villagers' income. For two mountain companies in various places, it is not a small pressure.

How to use financial means to achieve agricultural income to increase income and become the point of effort in various places. During the survey, the reporter found that there are not only financial products based on ecological resource transaction value and savings interest development, such as Deqing's "Wetland Carbon Exchange Complement Loan", Anji "Carbon Reba Storage Loan", Longyou Reservoir "Ecological Loan" and other , Anji and other places also set up special funds to provide guarantee support for village collectives and farmers' financing loans.

"Thanks to the" air '' to sell money ', I applied for a loan of 500,000 yuan. "Shen Dong, a villager in Human Village, Human Village, Xiahuhu Street, Deqing, was previously a green shrimp farmer. After" refunding and returning farming "last year, he transformed into a seed Grain. Right now, with sufficient funds, he intends to contract some places, try the "rice shrimp symbiosis" model, and look forward to the harvest of rice and crayfish.

It is reported that in just more than a month, the "wetland carbon exchange common loan" launched by Deqing has received a credit of 2.25 million yuan to farmers to inject live water into the source of ecological agriculture.

Not only that, as participating entities are more diverse, two mountain companies in various places are exploring the establishment of more reasonable and longer project operation and income distribution mechanisms.

Walking on the banks of Anji South Creek, the reporter met with Wukouxi, Xia Tang, Xinan, Laoshikan, and Hengbai Village. In the past, it was painted with bamboo and waterotes here, but faced the dilemma of uneven resource distribution, lack of planning, etc., and developed tepidly.

"We along the bank of 2.3 kilometers, packaged the ecological resources of Wucun, and hired a professional team for planning and design." Pan Zhenzheng, the person in charge of the project management department of Anji Liangshan Company, said, afterwards, they gradually established the "Two Mountain Company+Village Collective+Social Capital +Bank "Development Model -Two Mountain Company integrates resources and planned projects to push them to the market; 5 villages collectively, responsible for collective operating assets to confirm the right and management, etc.; Social capital, responsible for developing and operating, importing industries; banks with the bank; banks use it to use it to use it to use it; Asset pledge loans and other methods to empower the construction of projects. Over the past year, 22 cultural tourism integration and other projects have successfully transformed, and the village collective economy has increased by more than 2 million yuan. In addition, 18 projects are being promoted. After completion, it is expected to exceed 300 million yuan in annual revenue, which will drive the village's collective economy to increase revenue by more than 16 million yuan.

Liujiatang Village, Anji Township, developed the economy of the forest, and the bamboo cricket ushered in a bumper harvest. Correspondent Zhang Hui

During the interview, Zheng Qiwei revealed that related documents will be introduced in the province this year to regulate the resource collection and storage, financial risks, and interest sharing of the construction and operation of Liangshan Company. It is expected that the two mountain companies that run into the runway can become a key to unlock more "Point Green Gold" scenes.

【expert's point】

Let the platform effect fully release

Zhou Yan

The construction of the two mountain transformation platforms in Zhejiang has achieved remarkable results after actively exploration. Ecological resources protection and ecological value transformation have been strengthened. The scope of business has also expanded to cultural service resources, forming a relatively complete natural and cultural resource protection development mechanism.

Its value is mainly reflected in the following points: First, explore market -oriented ecological payment mechanisms in non -financial forms to make ecological compensation more fully; second, to integrate and large -scale development of fragmented ecological resources, help fully release and realize the ecological ecology Product value, promote rural farmers to increase their income and get rich; third is to optimize and upgrade ecological resources and achieve creative transformation, and promote the development of industries such as creative agriculture, creative forestry and creative tourism. For example, the two mountain transformation platforms in Changshan County, Luzhou have functions such as ecological security, ecological resource savings, effective asset investment, cultural resource development, and monetization of paid rights, which almost covers all aspects of rural production and operation. In addition, in some regions, in the methods of "ecological cloud brain" to coordinate rural digital reforms, let the main rights of rural economic work gather to the platform, and improve their risk control and guarantee system.

In the context of the construction of the common prosperity demonstration zone in Zhejiang, the road of "green mountains and green mountains is the golden mountains and silver mountains" should be continuously played. It should better play the role of platform transformation and gradually move from version 1.0 to version 2.0. At present, in some regions, on the basis of state -owned asset -owned holding, it is exploring the introduction of social capital, establishing a modern enterprise system, forming a mixed -made two -mountain company, expanding financing channels, and conducting cross -regional, diversified, and multi -form operations. Some areas are trying to formulate and improve the interest distribution mechanism of the government, enterprises, and farmers (village collectives) through the principle of common prosperity and other methods to form an enterprise, collective, and villagers' interest sharing mechanism, so that ordinary people can truly enjoy ecological protection dividends. These are the direction of deepening reform.

It is believed that in the future, it is not only a comprehensive platform company covering ecological value accounting, property management, credit management, risk early warning, social cooperation, interest distribution, information disclosure, and supervision guarantee. The indispensable part of it has become an important fulcrum for Zhejiang's rural rejuvenation and common prosperity.

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