People's Daily Overseas Version Follow Jilin: Qingshan Evergreen Tiger and Leopard Born

Qingshan Evergreen Tiger and Leopard Best

—— Jilin Province Construction of Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park Documentary

Reporter Zhu Sixiong Meng Haiying Zheng Zhiwen

Sleeping and sleeping, taking a warm sun to rest, a family walks leisurely ... Wild Siberian tigers appeared frequently at the dense forest in the eastern part of Jilin. Almost every time they appeared, they could attract people's attention. Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park, located in the two provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang, is the only wild northeast tiger and leopard stable habitat and diffusion source in China.

Hu Xiaoshan forest, leopard jumping Qingchuan. As a predator at the top of the food chain, Siberian Tiger directly reflects the dynamics of the regional ecosystem and is an indicator of the local ecological environment and ecological balance. Protecting the Siberian tiger is also the ecological environment that protects biodiversity and improves people's survival.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "It is necessary to accelerate the construction of a natural protection land system with the national park as the main body, and improve the natural protection land and ecological protection red line supervision system." In October 2021 At the Conference of the Contracting Party, the list of the first national parks in China was announced, and the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park became one of the first national parks.

The wild Northeast Tiger and Leopard frequently appeared, reflecting the ecological environment continued to improve and the ecosystem gradually improved. For a long time, Jilin Province has strengthened the authenticity and integrity of the natural ecosystem, and vigorously protects wild animals such as wild Siberian tigers and Northeast leopards, protects the green mountains and green mountains, and protects the natural ecology.

Northeast Tiger in Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park

Northeast Leopard in Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park

Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park Information Picture

Ecological priority tiger and leopard reproduction

"When I first joined the work, I was a worker in the forest farm." Said Zhao Yan, a staff member of the Scientific Research Monitoring Center of the Spring Bureau of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park. In the past 12 years, with the mobilization arrangement of work, Zhao Yan changed from the forest farm workers to patrolmen, and then to today's scientific research monitoring positions, witnessing the function of forest farm from "logging" to "forest protection".

"When receiving a notice from the transfer, too late to prepare too much, he was arranged to follow the masters to go to the mountains for investigation. In a blink of an eye, it has been guarded by wild animals and deep mountains and forests for 12 years." Zhao Yan said.

Chunhua Town, Hunchun City, Jilin Province, is located in the area under the jurisdiction of Tiger and Leopard National Park in Northeast China. Here, the warning sign of "Tiger and Leopard, pay attention to safety" can be seen everywhere.

"Barely seen wild animals when I was a kid, let alone large wild animals such as tigers, leopards, and bears. Twenty years ago, even the footprints of dumplings and rabbits were seen very little." Said, in recent years, the environment has obviously felt that the environment has become better, and there are more wild animals in the mountains. "If you go to the mountain in winter, you can see the footprints of many different animals on the thick snow."

In 2017, the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park carried out a pilot system, incorporated 19 natural protection areas including Xunchun Nature Reserve, and in accordance with the core reserves and general control areas in the area. The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Administration was established in the same year to uniformly exercise the management responsibilities of the natural protection place of national parks in the area.

The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park spans the two provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang. The planned area is about 14,100 square kilometers, and the forest coverage rate is 97.74%. It is a region with wild settings and breeding families in Northeast Tiger, Northeast Leopard History and Northeast Leopard History.

During the pilot period of the system in just 4 years, there has been tremendous changes in Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park: the quality of the ecosystem has further improved, the artificial interference activities of grazing and others have continued to decrease. The adult rate of tiger cubs has increased from 33%before the pilot to more than 50%; the distribution range and quantity of tiger and leopard population have grown rapidly. At present, more than 50%of the national parks have stable activities in tiger and leopard population. The Emperor Spring area shows the grand occasion of "all mountains".

The results of wildlife protection are not easy. "In 1997, 1998, the first real tiger group survey in the field in the history of Chinese history was carried out in the region of Jilin and the eastern part of Heilongjiang. Researchers from home and abroad learned about the Northeast Tiger through the winter -like survey law and snow traces. The distribution and quantities in China found 5 traces at the spring near the Sino -Russian border. Therefore, the researchers believed that there was no Northeast tiger population in China that can achieve breeding and self -maintenance. "Beijing Normal University School of Life Sciences Associate Professor and PhD instructor Feng Limin said.

Over the years, Jilin Province has invested a lot of manpower and material resources to repair and protect the ecology of the forest area. In 2015, Jilin completely banned natural forests from commercial harvesting. In the snowy mountains, the sound of the oil saw is far away.

"In 2015, a highway and a high -speed railway planned by Jilin Province will cross the wild Northeast tiger and leopard inhabitation and migration hotspots. Once it is completed, it will become an incredible barrier on the road to the return road of the Northeast Tiger Leopard." Feng Limin said, understanding, understanding After the situation, the research team made suggestions on this. "Jilin Province attaches great importance to the sacrifice of economic benefits for the ecological ways, protecting the road for tiger and leopard, and canceling the planned highway. The high -speed railway is diverted. ","

The monitoring data of the Northeast Tiger Leopard National Park shows that as of the end of 2021, the number of wild Northeast Tigers and Northeast leopard in the park has increased from 27 and 42 at the time of the pilot to 50 and 60 respectively. There are more than 7 leopards. Scientific monitoring full -time guardian

"Communication depends on roaring, patrolling away, cold and shaking, safe relying on dogs." This is a true portrayal of natural protection management in the past. "The area where the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park is located is mostly mountains and mountains, the geographical location is remote, and the transportation infrastructure is weak." Feng Limin said that more than ten years ago, more people entered the forest by people, and then installed equipment, maintenance equipment, carried out sample lines, and sample lines. Sample investigation and so on. Each data collection and replacement equipment batteries need to spend a lot of time in the mountains, but in a short time, small samples in the community can often be obtained. "Traditional scientific research monitoring methods, theoretical systems and protection practice are difficult to keep up with the actual needs of national park construction."

In 2006, Feng Limin, who was studying for a doctoral student at Beijing Normal University, came to the northeast Lin Haixueyuan to pursue the trace of the Siberian tiger.

"For more than ten years, as the head of the field investigation team, I led the team members to travele between the mountains and forests. In 2005, we bought a batch of trigger infrared cameras and completed it. Leave an image in front of the camera to allow the researchers to obtain accurate information such as the time, place, and behavior of the target. "Feng Limin introduced.

Through infrared cameras, in 2007, the team harvested the first wild Siberian tiger photo; in 2010, the first northeast leopard photo was harvested; in 2012, the first Northeast tiger breeding family was discovered. "From 2012 to 2014, we obtained thousands of tiger and leopard video data, and identified at least 27 Northeast Tiger and 42 Northeast Leopard in China. Feng Limin said.

On this basis, after several years of testing and demonstration, the research team integrates modern communications, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, big data analysis and other technologies to form the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park Tiandi Integrated Monitoring System. This monitoring system can not only monitor the status of wild animals such as Northeast Tiger and Leopard in real time, but also obtain biological diversity, various ecological elements and human activity information in real time.

Earlier this year, a wild Siberian video "swipe the screen" on the Internet. The snow was clear in the sky, and in the depths of the dense forest, a wild Northeast tiger cub was sleeping. The tiger mother waiting aside was lying on the snow, lazily basking in the sun. The warm picture is returned by the Tiandi Air Integration monitoring system through the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park.

With the full -time monitoring of the Tiandi Air Integration Monitoring System, the protectors were able to obtain the latest situation in the national park, but many specific tasks also needed patrolmen to complete the reckless forest.

"This step distance is relatively short. The palm pad width is between 8.5-9.5 cm. It should be a female Northeast tiger." "Compared with the side trunk pattern, the same Northeast tiger appears in these videos." Look at the footprints of the tiger and leopard, distinguish between male and female and travel lines; observe the surrounding environment and judge the hidden position of hunting sleeves ... All year -round work, Zhao Yan's habit of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard has already been familiar with his heart.

Once, Zhao Yan and colleagues mistakenly entered the territory of the female tiger with cubs. "Suddenly, I heard a low roar from the forest. When I looked up, I saw the shadow and disappeared in the forest." Recalling the experience of passing with the Northeast Tiger, Zhao Yan still had a lot of heart. "The old master judged that this may be a strong warning of the tiger, and I am afraid that he will be attacked. We hurried back and didn't get out of 200 meters. We found a trace of a female tiger with three young tigers."

Daily clear sets, winter replenishment, hitting pole ... Whether it is summer or cold winter, the patrols continue to shuttle the dense forests and track the shadow, just to protect the tiger and leopard. The patrols divided the forest area into grids to clean up the hunting, hunter, sticky nets, and poisonous bait in the area. In Qingshan operation, each group of members should maintain a safe interval, and record the GPS aerial information and video materials in detail and accurately to ensure that "clear one, clean one". In the only habitat of this domestic wild Siberian tiger and the Northeast leopard, more than 6,800 patrolmen guarded day and night.

After the ecological recovery, under the long -term publicity of the patrolr, more and more local people also joined the protection team to guard the mountain forests at the door of the home.

Construction shared and shared harmonious symbiosis

"Siberian tiger is a rare endangered wildlife in my country, the flagship species of biodiversity protection, and a symbol of the health of temperate forest ecosystems." Kong Weiyao, an expert from the Ecological Protection Office of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park Administration The survival state directly reflects the dynamics of the regional ecosystem. It is an indicator of measuring the local ecological environment and ecological balance. Siberian tiger natural population recovery, which requires rich forest vegetation and prey groups and a better social surrounding environment. "

"The protection of tigers and leopards has never only protected tigers and leopards, but involved the improvement of the entire forest ecosystem." Feng Limin held the same point of view. He said "the protection of top species such as the Northeast Tiger and Leopard. They are all challenging careers. A territorial area required for an adult Northeast tiger reproduction is very large, even reaching thousands of square kilometers. "

Blue mountains and water, tiger and leopard are prestigious. According to statistics, since the pilot, the two provinces of Jilin and Heilongjiang have restored 400 hectares of top forest communities. There are 2,000 hectares of red pine under the forest, 3 wild animal channels are built, and 19 mining companies are closed. Lin (participated in) Ground Clear Return 2243.21 hectares, the mining ecological restoration of 620.91 hectares, the ecological repair area of ​​741 hectares, and the wild animal habitat environment has been further improved. "At the end of October each year, the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park will launch a half -year Qingshan Qing set special operation to crack down on illegal activities such as pole hunting. As of the end of 2021, we have launched a total of 40,000 anti -theft and hunting patrols, with a cumulative patrol mileage of more than 160,000. In the kilometer, the hunter encounters decreased by 97.67%before the pilot. "Kong Weiyao introduced to reporters.

Reckless Linhai, people are coexisting. Coordinating protection and development, Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park jointly provincial province to protect residents' rights and avoid "human tiger conflict". In recent years, with the promotion of many parties, the green transformation and development of the industry, the guarantee of "human tiger security" and the people's livelihood projects have made positive progress, and human and nature have achieved harmonious symbiosis.

In 2021, Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park introduced insurance mechanisms to solve the problem of ecological compensation and damage compensation. Initially establishing a wildlife damage insurance mechanism, entrust Anwar Insurance Company to set up a special insurance subject, and the insurance company will compensate the masses to the masses in the area according to the amount of 5 times the premiums of the premium. Prior to this, Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park had made overall funds to ensure that animal damage compensation was in place.

"In Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin, we guide the local ox to work to work to avoid the damage of the ecological environment for grazing. The eight oxen cows are selected and raised in the house. In 2021, the scattered ox in the national park decreased by 1.6 Thousands of heads, a decline of 18.6%. "Kong Weiyao told reporters." At the same time, we focus on developing ecological experience and natural education, providing special visitors reception services, and realizing local residents to employment. "

The relevant person in charge of the Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park said, "From now to 2025, we will integrate natural protection places and state -owned forest farms, carry out habitat protection and restoration projects, build the Northeast Tiger and Leopard Ecological Corridor, and enhance the appropriateness of the northeast tiger and leopard habitat. With the connection of the Unicom, realize the stability of the Northeast Tiger and the Northeast Leopard. "

Let the ecological dividend be kept continuously (reporter's note)

Meng Haiying

Guandougou Village, surrounded by mountains, is located in Chunhua Town, Hunchun City, Jilin Province. During the interview, the reporter sat on the hoe of the village party secretary Li Yong's family and chatted with more than a dozen villagers.

There is a mountain outside the window, and the air is fresh. The villagers said that ecological protection has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and many hunters have now become patrol players to protect forests and animals. The mountains and rivers are beautiful, and people's lives are more moisturizing.

However, there are more wild animals, which also brings troubles to the villagers. Uncle Guo Chengwen said that wild boars can most disaster the crops; Chen Limin said that his dogs let the leopard eat; Li Yong was engaged in forest frog breeding, but now he cannot ... The ring is intertwined. The troubles in growth should be cracked with growth methods. The process of cracking is also the process of progress, the process of development, and the process of harvest. Fortunately, in recent years, with the promotion of various parties, the local construction of sustainable development of ecological products has made progress in the green transformation and development of the industry, and the mechanism of ecological compensation and damage compensation has also continued to improve, and gradually realize the harmonious symbiosis of human and nature.

Source: People's Daily Client

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