Understand and pay attention to post -humanistic and theoretical dynamics

Later humanism, also known as later humanism, is a high -frequency keyword in the achievements of humanities and social science research at home and abroad in recent years, but readers still do not know the understanding of its meaning. How should I understand the concept of humanism after the humanism? What are the academic significance and social significance of later humanist ideology? What are the subjects that are worthy of attention later? On the above issues, our reporter interviewed experts and scholars in the field.

Reflect and surpass the humanistic tradition

Erin Manning, a professor at the School of Art of the University of Confedia University in Canada, told reporters that the tendency to put people above all things at the latest, and this tendency has appeared, and this tendency to be more in Western society is more more than in Western society. It is obvious. In the global capitalist society, the plundering of earth resources is largely driven by this concept. However, from the perspective of later culturalist perspectives or the perspective of human category, people began to understand the world from an ecological perspective. This also means that when we talk about cultural, philosophy, environment and other issues, we do not discuss from the perspective of human -oriented, but we are based on the dynamic environment.

Louis de Miranda, a scholar of the History of Science and Thought of Upsala, Sweden, told reporters that post -humanism is postmodernism, post -structuralism, etc. A newer member, a replacement vocabulary that more accurately describes its universal meaning is post -human centerism. Humanism is usually associated with the European Renaissance and scientific engineering construction, and conveys such an idea: the ability of human beings, and the technical control that exceeds natural forces, so that humans live in the position of privileges with privileges, and non -human beings. The difference between the world. Later humanism is a re -discovery of the following facts at the ethical level: humans and non -human entities (both creatures other than humans, mixed entities such as machines, networks, and thoughts) are just part of the development of the earth. In Miranda's view, if the two major ideas in China are compared with Chinese ideas, humanism is closer to Confucianism, and later humanism is the same as Taoist thought.

Danah Henriksen, an associate professor of leadership and innovation of Arizona University, also mentioned the reflection and transcendence of later humanism on humanism. In an interview, she said that we can regard post -humanism as a way of thinking beyond the concept of traditional humanism. Humanism, as a worldview, believes that humans are the central role of the world. This view has long played a dominant role in the development of history, art, and culture and how humans have gained knowledge. Later humanism has different ways to understand knowledge and understand the world. From the perspective of later humanism, humans are part of the world, but it is not necessarily the center of the world, because there are many other entities in this world. Later humanism breaks the boundaries of relations between humans, animals and technology, and reminds us that we should realize the existence of various entities in the world and the power of fear of them. In the past, we instinctively default to the top of the level system on this planet, but later humanism advocated all the creatures and entities into consideration in a flat way.

Understand post -humanisticism from the perspective of creativity

Henrikson told reporters that later humanities have an important role in inspiring creativity, because in the world view of post -humanisticism, creativity is not only a human field. In interaction. Traditionally, most of the understanding of the creativity of psychology focuses on the study of humans, especially individuals with talent or special ideology. But taking art creation as an example, in later culturalism, art works can be regarded as the common product of human artists and non -human subjects. In terms of technology, later people's culturalism usually focuses on the intersection of humans and machines. When we think about creativity and how it produces, we will find that humans have always obtained inspiration from nature, or use objects, tools and technologies in the material world. Therefore, later humanism believes that these non -human elements are also part of the creative process. Under this view, creativity is no longer just a characteristic of human beings, but the combination of human and non -human elements, so as to create and stimulate new ideas or products. Henrikson mentioned that in many indigenous beliefs, creation has always been considered interaction between humans and non -human elements, especially in invention and artistic creation. Therefore, later people's culturalism has similarity to these beliefs in the philosophical position, and is a more inclusive understanding of creativity. This makes many descriptions of the creativity in Europe and the United States lose its previous glory, and also reminds people that people need to open up new ideas and surpass traditional understanding.

In the interview, Manning proposed that in the reality background of the current ecological environment, how human beings are positioned as a key issue, and later humanism can help people go beyond the inherent thinking of human beings as the center of the world. Therefore, from the ethical level, from the ethical level For speaking, future humanism is very important. In this process, in view of art, art always has the function of promoting innovation of thinking, art can also exert unique value.

Miranda told reporters that he believed that in the discussion of philosophers such as Spearza, Hegel, White Heide, Bergson and other processes, he could find the source of thoughts of humanism. The above -mentioned philosophers agree that creativity is the ultimate core of comprehensive development, not only the presentation of human intelligence. It is necessary to recognize that the actual creation process of the real world is more complicated than the description of the passage in the scientific views after refining, because some factors that have been effective in collective historical construction have been omitted. Miranda emphasized that in order to achieve a more ecological lifestyle and the healthy sense of human society in the philosophical sense, we need to abandon the blind human centralist thinking model and include interactive networks other than humanity in humanistic care and cognitive practice. The world is a creative process that is all -encompassing. We need to respect peers other than humans and face up to the complexity of the world. Pay attention to the theoretical dynamics in the field of humanism

Miranda mentioned in an interview that the field of culturalist research attempts to describe such a process: In this process, human beings are not the only active entity, and for all forms of energy, including animals, plants, classes, Human and robots can compare and evaluate its energy. A specific ecosystem will interact with the various entities of humans and non -humans and in the flow state of "creation reality". He proposed that each role and device showed their possibilities in different ways. Later humanism represents a sustainable and updated way of thinking. It tries to consider the overall balance and pay attention to all natural or human, macro or micro -micro, rich, diverse or individual entities in the system. Miranda suggested that it is understood that all kinds of entities in the system are showing some possibilities. The possibility of people may stem from a healthy life with valuable, goal, and philosophical sense. The possibility of animals or plants may mean that they can breed as much as possible within the limited scope of their species, and start this process at a natural rather than forced speed. The possibility of machines is reflected by the ability to replace the replacement and the freedom of mechanical systems.

At this point of view, a good system is a system that can maximize all entities. In this way, the system can recycle regeneration as a whole. If we are limited to the inherent thinking of the industrial revolution for a long time, we only maximize their possibilities in humans (even some groups in humans) and machines. In the long run, humans will face a natural crisis and trigger difficult predictive predictive predictive predictive predictives. Disadvantages related to non -human factors.

Regarding how to re -understand artistic creation from the perspective of humanism, Manning said that in the concept of artistic interaction, there is still a tendency to use humans as arbiters. If you want to avoid this tendency and give non -human elements more shares, we need to pay attention to the energy of the environment itself to maintain complex systems. In Manning's view, this provides an avant -garde point: Even if a job is dominated by human action, it is not only the energy of human beings on the scene and play a role. This is not to deny the role of human beings in artistic creation, but to understand the expression function of other elements, and to explore the collective force generated by this common composition.

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Chen Yutong

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