Ten questions for children's asthma: Parents must read these points

Curchia (referred to as asthma) is the most common chronic airway disease in childhood. In recent years, the prevalence of asthma in my country has risen year by year. Asthma seriously affects the physical and mental health of children, and also has a dual burden on family and society.

Blood asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and high reactivity of airway. Chronic airway diseases that are asthma, cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness are often used as the main clinical manifestations. More complicated, the pathogenesis is not completely clear. It is generally believed that asthma is due to the release of allergens or other factors to stimulate the release of the medium due to allergens or other factors.

Although the current mechanism of asthma is not completely clear, it can still avoid or reduce asthma on the controllable range. At present, the overall level of control of children's asthma in my country is not ideal. Although there are many relevant popular science knowledge, parents still have insufficient understanding of asthma. Shi Qi Shi answered common questions about asthma diagnosis and treatment for parents.

Q: Who is easy to have asthma?

Answer: The susceptible factors of asthma include internal and external causes.

The internal factors are mainly genetic factors, that is, people with asthma and other allergic diseases (including rhinitis, allergic dermatitis, etc.) have a family genetic history. External causes include asthma after infection, causing breathing after exercise, and people who occur after contacting allergens. The above groups are high -risk groups of asthma, and they need to seek medical treatment in time.

Question: What are the most common "stimuli" (induced factors)?

Answer: Allergens: The most common induction factors include inhalation (such as dust mites, pollen, pet hair, etc.), food enhancement (such as milk, eggs, seafood, tropical fruits, etc.). Familiar with your own allergens, it is particularly important to avoid contact with allergens.

Environment: The environment of children is very important. Seasonal changes, irritating odors, air pollution, second -hand smoke, etc. are all induced factors. For example, there are many pathogenic bacteria in the air. Children with low immunity are prone to respiratory infections. This is also a asthma attack. Common causes.

Sports: A moderate amount of outdoor exercise can improve immunity, but strenuous exercise may also induce asthma.

Q: How to diagnose asthma?

Answer: The diagnosis of asthma depends on clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations.

Need to be alert to the clinical symptoms of asthma include: recurrent cough, breathing, chest tightness, shortness of breath, often related to factors such as upper respiratory infections, exposure to allergens, strenuous exercise, laughing, crying, and climate change. In the early morning and autumn and winter seasons or seasons, the occurrence may increase after exercise, and the breathing is aggravated after exercise, and the symptoms of more than 3 years of age continue to exist. Pingling drugs can usually relieve symptoms and have no obvious symptoms in the relief period.

Patients with the above symptoms need to be alert to the existence of asthma and seek medical treatment in time. Evaluate by the respiratory specialist, and the relevant laboratory inspections include lung function and allergens when necessary, and clarify clinical diagnosis.

Q: Can asthma be completely cured?

Answer: Asthma is chronic inflammation of the airway, and the treatment of asthma is long -term treatment. In the guidance of a specialist, in the case of early and standardized treatment, most asthma children have the opportunity to suspend anti -asthma drugs, but this does not mean the cure of asthma. When some patients enter middle -aged and elderly, pregnancy, etc., the lung function declines, and asthma may occur again.

Specifying treatment in childhood, the better the asthma control, the lower the probability of repeated asthma in adulthood. If children's asthma treatment is not timely, once the airway wall structure occurs irreversible damage, that is, the airway reshape, it will affect lung function for life.

Q: Do asthma must be treated for a long time?

Answer: Chronic airway inflammation is the true cause of asthma, and asthma treatment must be treated for a long time. The symptoms of patients after medication do not mean that asthma has been cured, and drugs can be discontinued. Although the symptoms have disappeared after using the alleviated drug, the inflammation of the air can still exist. It is like the corner of the iceberg exposed on the sea, and a larger iceberg is actually hidden under the water.

Children should adhere to the use of drugs that treat airway inflammation, such as inhalation of glucocorticoids to prevent asthma attacks and avoid re -reshaping of airway.

Question: What are the principles of treatment of children's asthma specifications?

Answer: Asthma control treatment should begin as soon as possible, and adhere to the principles of long -term, continuous, standardized, and individualized treatment.

Children's asthma control therapy includes initial intensive therapy, pre -intervention or intervening intervention, upgrading or reinforcement treatment, relegation treatment, regular monitoring and stopping drug observation.

When the baby's condition is stable, you still need to follow the doctor's advice to formulate a long -term control treatment plan, adhere to the use of asthma to control drugs, use alleviating drugs as needed, and regularly go to the child's respiratory clinic follow -up assessment of the lung function. Discontinue drugs prevent asthma symptoms from aggravating and acute asthma, and long -term control.

Question: Can asthma children exercise?

Answer: Appropriate exercise can increase the immunity of children, reduce the chance of repeated infection, and reduce the probability of acute attacks in children with asthma. However, in children who are not well controlled by asthma, inappropriate exercise is one of the causes of asthma attacks, but it will aggravate the condition.

Therefore, in the case of good asthma control, it is recommended to exercise appropriately; but children who have not controlled asthma should not exercise too much for the time being, so as not to aggravate the condition.

Q: What should I do if I have an acute attack on asthma?

Answer: First of all, the factors that induces asthma. For example, induced in contact with allergens, it should be disconnected from relief in time and isolation of allergens; if it is induced by exercise, exercise should be stopped immediately. Secondly, at home, short -acting short -acting β2 receptor agonists, including: glycamol gas fog agent, atomized solution, etc., which can be used temporarily and symptomatic treatment. At the same time, record the causes and seizures of the children's seizures, and seek medical treatment in time.

Question: Do asthma children avoid allergens?

Answer: Contacting allergens is an important cause of asthma attacks. If allergies are existing, avoid allergens to avoid.

If you are allergic to pollen, dust mites, and pet hair, you need to wear masks when going out in spring. At the same time, pay attention to family hygiene cleaning. Do not raise small animals.

If it is allergic to physical stimulation such as cold, pay attention to keep warm in autumn and winter to reduce the stimulus of such allergens. If you are allergic to food, you should avoid related foods. If you are allergic to milk, you should avoid milk, yogurt, cheese, biscuits, bread and other foods containing milk ingredients.

If the child has specific allergens (such as dust mites), desensitization treatment can be considered.

However, the treatment of desensitization treatment is long, the cost is high, and the patient's response to the desensitization effect is different. Therefore, children who need desensitization treatment need to go to the respiratory specialist to see the doctor for evaluation and formulate a plan.

Q: Does long -term inhalation of glucocorticoids affect children's height?

Answer: The treatment of asthma depends on the inhalation of long -term glucose hormones. At present, research shows that the inhalation of long -term low -dose glucocorticoids has no significant effect on the height. In addition, there are many factors that affect children's height. If asthma cannot be controlled well, and repeatedly continuously occur, it will affect the patient's diet, exercise, and nutritional conditions, which will adversely affect the height of the patient.

The better the asthma control, the smaller the impact on the height of the child. Therefore, children with asthma are clearly diagnosed with early and standardized treatment. Do not adjust and stop drugs at will in order to make asthma children more benefit.

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Author: Yin Bingru (A respiratory doctor at Shanghai Children's Hospital)

Edit: Li Chenzhen

Editor in charge: Tang Wenjia

Picture source: Visual China

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*Wenhui exclusive manuscript, please indicate the source for reprinting.

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