The Chinese team is full of scores!Let's talk about the dream of the big math country of Chen province

The first time I returned to China: I returned to China and returned to China.

Learn to return to China -Princeton Love

Chen Province was delivered to the Tsinghua Institute to go abroad for two years to go to Hamburg University in Germany. In September 1934, Chen Province arrived in Hamburg and started in November. He completed his doctorate degree in February 1936. Chen province was funded by the Chinese Cultural Foundation behind him and worked in Paris from 1936 to 1937. Chen Province was invited by his alma mater, and was a professor at the Department of Mathematics.

1934 taken in Hamburg

When the Sino -Japanese War left in Paris on July 10, 1937, the Sino -Japanese War broke out. The original plan of Chen Province was planned to take a boat to New York from the French boat, run across the Americas to Vancouver City, Canada, and take the "Queen of Canada" to Shanghai. At that time, Japan's aggression had reached Shanghai, and Chen Soo had to get off the ship in Hong Kong. Chen Province has lived in Hong Kong for more than a month. He has instructions for the school to participate in Changsha Interim University and teach "higher geometry" and "calculus".

The war rolled up, Changsha could not be guarded, and the school was ordered to move to Kunming. After that, Chen province came to Kunming again.

We can know from this that Chen's doers returned to China in the years of war. And Chen province is in the United States for mathematics. Because the scholarships of Chen Shouzhang are quite abundant, if you return from Europe to the United States to return to China, the cost will not be a problem. Moreover, Chen province was able to go to the most favorite place -it was the Princeton High Research Institute that had just been established.

Ren Education Union -Frequent results

At that time, the director of the Department of Mathematics of the University of the United University was successively served as Mr. Jiang Zehan and Mr. Yang Wuzhi. The three schools are united, and the teachers have no shortage. Therefore, Chen Soo has the opportunity to issue deep classes, such as "Li Qun", "Ball Geometry", "outer differential equation" and so on. He also opened the "Li Qun" discussion class with Mr. Hua Luogeng and Mr. Wang Zhuxi. Li Qun's theory later developed major development and application in mathematics and physics.

The most prominent of the professor is Hua Luogeng and Xu Bao. The three schools in the previous paragraph were installed in the box, and then Chinese and foreign traffic wasolate, the equipment was very poor. But several people can catch the materials and work. Chen Province has written more than ten papers in the Southwest Union for six years, with a wide range of scope and published in domestic and foreign magazines. He did the work of French mathematician E. Jiadang. These became one of the mainstream of modern mathematics.

There was a period (about a year) Chen Province and Hua Luogeng and Wang Xinzhong lived in the same room. Each person has a bed, a small desk, a chair, a bookshelf, full of a room. Wake up in the morning and make a joke, but the mood of work is very high.

Back to China for the second time:

Famous merit -visit Princeton

In July 1943, Chen left Kunming and took the U.S. military aircraft to visit the Princeton High Research Institute. After the victory of the Anti -Japanese War in the summer of 1945, he returned to China in March 1946.

After staying in the Southwest Union for six years, why did Chen Senior go to the United States to visit? I have to mention the person of Verben here.

Vibn is a geometrician, and he is traveling with Chen province. As early as the Paris period, he passed the letter. After Chen Province was in the Southwest United University, communication continued. Around 1940, Chen Province had three papers published in the "Mathematics Chronicle" sponsored by the University of Princeton, where Verbulon was located, and was highly praised.

Chen Sheng returned from 1937 and had been four years in 1941. Although there are many papers brought back from Paris to read, the creation of thesis is quite gain. But after all, the news is blocked and cannot communicate academics. As a result, the idea of ​​visiting Princeton in the United States emerged. Chen later recalled in the article "Forty Years", "I am in the country in the country in the country, and I was regarded as a number of mathematicians, that is, in the world, and it was gradually known to several people. But for work achievements , I sincerely dissatisfied, I don't want to silently go from now on. "

Chen wrote to Vibn on May 8, 1941, asking if he might get a position in the institute and attached a paper. Both Verbuln and Wa Er impressed this article, and soon they started planning to let Chen Sanzhong come to Princeton.

Mathematic Way recalled that after the Pearl Harbor incident, warfared, travel from China to the United States was not only adventurous, but also full of risks. In order to obtain the necessary visa and the priority of a plane, a full set of diplomatic methods in the United States must be used. It can be seen that at that time, Chen's personal favors were favored.

This time, Chen's exercise abroad can be said to be the golden period of his career development. The most important job in his life was completed during this period.

Director of the Age -Organize the Institute of Central Research Institute

After Chen's post -return to China, he organized the Central Research Institute. At that time, scientific researchers lacking independent research. Considering the difficulties of reality, he took the cultivation of newcomers as the first priority. He later acknowledged that he turned the mathematics into a graduate school. He wrote that the Department of Mathematics, each famous university, asked them to recommend the best students who graduated within three years. These people later contributed mathematics.

In the Mathematics Institute, Chen Province rarely talks about differential geometry. Instead, he chose the "algebra topology" that played a key role in pure mathematics at that time as the basis for everyone to read. Chen Shouzheng is the only mentor and gives the assistant researchers for 12 hours of topology every week. Chen Province believes that everything must be done from fundamental, quick success, impetuousness, and playing in the seams of the literature. His ideas are that Chinese mathematics should first lay the foundation in a mainstream direction, achieve breakthroughs in certain disciplines, and then pull the research surface open to gradually assault the main peak of mathematics. In the 1920s, Poland concentrated on the analysis of the collection theory and general letters, succeeded, and later quickly became a math power. The development of the development of Chen's personal selection is the same as the Polish. Practice has proved that it is correct to train newcomers to cultivate newcomers. The first academician of the Central Academy of Sciences took photos in the front row: left five Yuanji, and the fourth right Hu Shi. Back row: fourth left Chen's body, one from the right Jiang Lifu. Jiang Zuo Xia: Su Buqing (taken on March 29, 1948 in Nanjing)

Tongdao -Zhou Weiliang's leader

Here is a supplement to an episode. I want to talk about the relationship with Zhou Weiliang after returning to China. During the Anti -Japanese War, Zhou Weiliang did import and export trade in order to support his family. In 1938, Chen Province was defended by Kunming to visit his fiancee from the Vietnam Sea to Shanghai. He had met with Zhou Weiliang and discussed each other about submitting contributions to Chinese mathematics magazines. But it did not allow Zhou Weiliang to return to mathematics. In 1946, Chen Province returned from Princeton's reputation and touched Zhou Weiliang very much. Chen Shou handed over the recent algebraic thesis of O.zariskl to Zhou Weiliang, and wrote a letter to Lafshez to recommend Zhou Weiliang to a short -term visit to the Princeton High Research Institute. Zariski has transformed the results of the Italian algebra geometric school and launched a new structure, which has caused Zhou Weiliang to study a new impulse to study mathematics. So 35 -year -old Zhou Weiliang resolutely decided to abandon business and brought his family to Princeton to visit, and then obtained a teaching position at John Hopkins University until retirement. Zhou Weiliang finally made extraordinary contributions in the algebra.

Algebra geometrician: Zhou Weiliang

Back to China for the third time: three back to the home garden, academician returns to visit

Three Return to Old Garden -Why go abroad for the third time?

Chen Soo was suddenly going abroad this time. Chen province has been busy with things over the past two years, and has not paid attention to changes in domestic political conditions. The Princeton High School in the United States clearly sees the development of China's current situation. At the end of October 1948, Chen Shouyan suddenly received a telegram from Robert Oppenheimer: "If what we do can facilitate you to the beauty, please tell me." Obonheimer was the physicist who hosted the first atomic bullet in the United States, and then the director of the Princeton Senior Research Institute. This telegram is of course very formal arrangement. Chen Zheyou found the English newspaper at the time to read it, so he had a clear understanding of the situation. Soon, the Kuomintang government ordered the Central Research Institute to relocate to Taiwan. Chen Shou and his colleagues finally knew that the Nanjing government was already in danger. As a result, Chen Province arrived in Princeton for the third time.

Issue of Diaoyu Island

Chen Province has an impressive thing in the United States. On May 23, 1971, the famous Chinese scholars of Chen Province organized a Chinese scholar in the United States "New York Times" to protest the Japanese government's occupation of the territorial Diaoyu Islands that have always belonged to China. The title of the advertisement is "Public letters to US President Nixon and Congress." The letter mentioned: "We wrote a letter to ask you to note that the government of Japan and the Ryukyu Islands violated China's territorial jurisdiction on the Diaoyu Islands. This was found in the United Nations geographical survey in 1968 that the East China Sea continental rack may have rich oil after the abundant oil happened in the future. Things. We invite you to respect and take appropriate measures to confirm China's jurisdiction over these islands. You can eliminate the source of a conflict in East Asia and will enhance the friendship between the Chinese and American people. "

Academician Visit -Friends Reunion

In the 1970s, Sino -US relations thawed. In September 1972, Chen Shan and his wife Zheng Shining were able to return to the hometown of the twenty -three years. At that time, Chen Province visited China as an academician of the American Academy of Sciences and received great attention from the party and the government. The People's Daily also reported a long article. Chen Province returned to China for half a month. During the period, he met many old friends, including Mr. Hua Luogeng. He also made a special trip to the Institute of Mathematics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to give a speech entitled "Fiber Cluster and Display".

For the first time, Chen Shengsheng visited New China and took a photo with the leaders and scholars of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. From the left in the front row, Zhou Peiyuan, Chen Yan, Wu Youxun, Zhu Kezhen, Chen Mo, Guo Moruo, Zheng Shining, Yu Liqun, Zhang Wenjin, Guo Mengbi; from the left, Yue Yanheng, Zhang Wei, Qian Weichang, Duan Xuefu, Jiang Zehan, Wang Zhuxi, Wang Zhuxi, Li Guangze; the left of the left Zhushui, from the left three from the left, Zhang Sucheng, Wu Wenjun, Tian Fangzheng, and Huang Xiu Gao (September 16, 1972)

Chen Sales and Hua Luogeng couples took photos in Beijing

The leaders of the American Academy of Sciences and some scientific institutions hope to restore their contacts with the Chinese scientific community and can be promoted through the access of Chen -province. Therefore, the return to China to the return of China also has a business of establishing a scientific contact between China and the United States.

In 1974, Chen Province wrote a "seven must":

Live a lifetime of a paper pen, the reputation is like the spring dream marks;

It is unparalleled to see the homeland of the country.

The fourth time I returned to China: Lao Fu Fu, the leaves of the leaves entered the 1980s, and Chen Province proposed to build a "21st Century Mathematics Power", and for this reason, he tried his best to go to the struggle of the motherland that had begun to serve the motherland when he was young.

Old Lao Fu -Preparation of Nankai Mathematics Institute

In the early 1980s, there was no room for the house of mathematics, there was no book, and there was no staffing. Hu Guoding wrote in the memoir that when Chen Shou came to prepare for the Institute of Mathematics, he did not even have a decent guest room. On that day, he received Chen Soo in the office of the director of the Department of Mathematics and hurriedly moved a sofa from the principal's office to emergency.

In 1985, the Nankai Mathematics Institute was formally established. At the establishment of the conference, Chen province said at the end of his speech: "I will do everything for Chinese mathematics and Nankai Mathematics, and die."

Chen Province resolutely gave up the high salaries and villas of San Francisco, and decided to serve as the director of the Nankai Mathematics Institute, which means that he is not just a report, but a much more energy than the "honorary director". From the preparations, establishment of Nankai Mathematics Institute, and development, we can see the effort of Chen Soozhe. In his heart, Nankai Mathematics is his third child. Chen Province has done a lot of things to do with Nankai Mathematics Institute, such as holding academic activities, piloting mathematics, and scholars' visits plans, dispatching international students, etc.

On the operation of the Nankai Mathematics Institute, Chen Soo has his own clear ideas. He always believes that the Nankai Mathematics Institute is going to be "open", and the teaching activities of Nankai should benefit the country. According to Chen's thoughts, Wu Denren summarized the policy of "Based on the Nankai, Facing the All -China, and Looking at the World". In the end, Chen Soozon will build Nankai Mathematics into an international math research center.

Falling leaves Return -Nankai Mathematics Institute is his third child

The work of Chen Shengzheng's work at the Nankai Mathematics Institute was carefully taken care of. In the archives room of the Chen Provincial Institute of Mathematics in Nankai University, it is still evidence that Chen Province and Hu Guoding still have more than 200 seals and Hu Guoding. Hu Guoding once wrote in an article that misses Mr. Chen Soozhang: "At that time, Mr. Mr. and I had a very frequent communication with me. Often it was his letter. , Three and April Age of Specific Matters. His letters have been compiled, and I have not answered the number of the first and first questions on the letter. Since then, my letter has also been compiled. "

Hu Guoding also recalled a risk. It was the construction of the "Friendship Park" built for Nankai Mathematics Academic Year in 1987. The school's infrastructure authority reported that after the construction period was dragged, I am afraid that it would not be able to catch up with the use of the summer "academic year". Hu Guoding heard his frown, but he was helpless. After Chen Zhen knew, he went to the construction site to chat with the worker's master with a cane to see if he could complete it in advance. Workers look at the face of the old gentleman and say that they may work hard. Chen Province was overjoyed, and immediately called Hu Guoding, saying that I invited a guest tonight and asked the workers to dinner. That meal, Chen Soozheng toasting for the worker master himself. After a few days, Hu Guoding saw the lights of the night at night, and workers were working overtime. As a result, the friendship garden was finally delivered on schedule.

Chen Shengsheng gave all the $ 50,000 prizes that he won the Wolf Mathematics Award to Mathematics Institute. In fact, the number of donations is more than that? Just cars, there are five people donated to the A. On March 17, 1987, in the letter to Hu Guoding, he said: "My will will have a sum of money to Nankai Mathematics Institute." In 1988, Chen Province went to Houston, USA to teach for study. Place. By the 21st century, he established millions of dollars of funds for Nankai Mathematics, half of which was his own savings for many years. As for books, magazines, and other sporadic donations, accurate statistics can no longer be accurate.

Chen Province is full of confidence that China will build a mathematical power in the 21st century. And encourage the people to have confidence, to give up the psychology of inferiority, and believe that China will produce many international first -class mathematicians, and there is no reason to suspect that China cannot produce Newton and Gaussian mathematicians.

Main reference materials:

[1] Chen Province, Zhang Lingzhou, Wang Shanping; Nankai University Press

[2] Chen Zhe's Collection, Zhang Lingzhou, Wang Shanping; East China Normal University Press

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