Expert interpretation 丨 The idea and pattern of regional adaptation to climate change

Due to the vast across my country, the ecological environment and economic and social conditions in various places are different, and the impact and risks of climate change on different regions are very different. The impact and urgency, some are more hidden and far -reaching. "State Adaptability to Change Strategy 2035" (hereinafter referred to as "Adaptation Strategy 2035") pointed out that it is necessary to take into account the relative consistency of climate characteristics and the relative integrity of the administrative area, and build a comprehensive coverage and highlight the regional pattern of adapting to climate change.

The basic idea of ​​regional adaptation to climate change

Climate change affects areas can be regarded as a composite system, which consists of three subsystems: ecology, economy, and society. According to the principle of system engineering, adapting to the work must first analyze the impact and receptor response of climate change, evaluate climate risk and receptor fragility, formulate and introduce adaptation policies, technical solutions and engineering plans for different fields and industries, and constantly adjust in implementation in implementation. Optimize, strengthen the construction of regional system adaptability, reduce vulnerability, and enhance climate toughness. Specific adaptation paths include: identification and full use of receptor adaptive mechanisms; inducing enhancement of adaptive ability, reducing vulnerability; reducing exposure, regulating and improving the local climate environment; climate change coercion exceeds the receptor adaptation and artificial assistance adaptation ability When or if the cost is too high, take time and space avoidance or transformation adaptive countermeasures; to avoid harm, make full use of some favorable factors brought about by climate change or adapt to action of action.

The adaptation work of land and space planning and different types of main functional areas

Land and space planning is the basic basis for national space development, the space blueprint for sustainable development, and various types of development and protection and construction activities. It is an important starting point for promoting the reasonable utilization and effective protection of land and space, promoting the construction of ecological civilization, and building a beautiful China. Connect climate change with the planning of land and space, fully consider climate elements in the planning of land and space, strengthen climate resource conditions, climate change impact and risk assessment. Space security is of great significance. "Adaptation Strategy 2035" pointed out that urban space should focus on the impact of reducing the impact of the climate risk of population, socio -economic and infrastructure, to build climate adaptive cities and enhance urban climate risk prevention and control capabilities; Focus on capabilities, ensure the supply of national food security and important agricultural products; ecological space should focus on protecting the ecological environment, enhancing biological diversity, providing ecological product supply, and maintaining national ecological security.

The basic pattern of regional adaptation to climate change

Climate change and its impact and risks have significant regional differences. Different temperatures and changes in precipitation are different. The types of extreme weather and climate events are different. The priority of sensitive and fragile areas involved.参考有关研究评估成果，在充分分析评估气候变化对我国不同地理区域所受气候变化的影响风险情况的基础上，《适应战略2035》将全国划分为东北、华北、华东、华中、华南、西北、 Eight regions such as Southwest and Qinghai -Tibet, combined with economic and social conditions and development positioning in various regions, they proposed the main tasks of adapting to climate change in various regions to provide guidance for the development of climate change in various regions. The Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area, the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the ecological protection and high -quality development areas of the Yellow River Basin are the five major national strategic areas of the 14th Five -Year Plan and the 2035 vision target. Among them, the Beijing -Tianjin -Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong -Hong Kong -Macao Greater Bay Area, from north to south, running through the east, is an important space carrier for my country to build a world -class urban agglomeration and participate in global competition. The area of ​​ecological protection and high -quality development of the basin, originates from the Qinghai -Tibet Plateau and spans from west to east. It is not only an important economic zone in my country, but also an important ecological barrier in China. Frequent climate change and extreme weather and climatic events are superimposed with the population, economic, and social factors such as the above -mentioned major strategic areas, which can easily cause great economic losses and casualties, and bring huge challenges to the high -quality development of the economy and the protection of high -level ecological environment. To this end, "Adaptation Strategy 2035" set up a section of "Improving the ability of climate change in major strategic areas to adapt to climate change", which clarifies the task direction of major strategic areas to adapt to climate change. Ability has an important role. The adaptation task of "Adaptation Strategy 2035" only proposes several points in principle, and it is impossible to comprehensively cover the needs of adaptive needs in various places. According to the characteristics of local climate change and regional economic and social development goals, further evaluate the impact and risks of climate change, implement the requirements of "Adaptation to the Strategy 2035", prepare provincial -level adaptive climate change action plans, determine the region's adaptation of needs, key areas and sensitive industries in the region Adapt to tasks, carry out capacity building, improve the guarantee mechanism, and ensure that all tasks are implemented. With the construction of regional ecological civilization, economic and social development, and the continuous evolution of the climate, climate change impact and risks will also have new characteristics. Implementation of adaptive action plans in various places must deepen the adjustment and enrichment according to the changes and understanding of the situation.

Author 丨 Zheng Dawei and Pan Zhihua (Professor of China Agricultural University)

Edit 丨 Qin Chao

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