"Hui Eye" satellite refresh the strongest magnetic field record of the universe again

The neutron star is the celestial body with the strongest magnetic field in the universe. The detection of its X -ray energy spectrum is the only way to directly measure the neutron surface magnetic field. Recently, the "Hui Eye" satellite team is a neutron X -ray twin star with a SWIFT J0243.6+6124 in the SWIFT J0243.6+6124. After measuring the strongest magnetic field of about 1 billion Tesla, the world record of the highest energy rotation absorption line and the strongest magnetic field of the universe was greatly refreshed. The research work was mainly completed by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (IHEP) and the University of Tübingen in Germany. Recently, it was online in the international journal "Astrophysical Journal Letters" (APJL) online (Celestial Physics Magazine) online. Published. Dr. Kong Lingda, Researcher Zhang Yan, and researcher Zhang Shuangnan of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the author of the paper.

Figure 1: The first ultra -bright X -ray source SWIFT J0243.6+6124 in the galaxy satellite is observed near 146 KEV.

The neutron star X -ray dual -star system is composed of neutron stars and its stars. The gase of the stars falls to the neutron star in the strong gravity effect of the neutron star, forming a gas disk around the high -speed rotation of the neutron star, called the absorbing disk. The material on the accumulation disk will fall along the magnetic line of the neutron star to the surface of the neutron star, and emit a strong X -ray radiation. The radiation is rotated with the rotation of the neutron star, forming a periodic X -ray pulse signal. Therefore, such celestial bodies are also called "" X -ray accumulated pulse star ". Observations found that this type of celestial body will appear "depression" structure on X -ray radiation spectrals. This is caused by the electronic resonance scattering of the X -ray photon that is spiny in the magnetic field and is called a rotary absorption line. The magnetic field intensity corresponding to the energy at the rotation line is the magnetic field strength of the neutron star surface. This is the only way to directly measure the strength of the magnetic field near the neutron surface.

Figure 2: Hui Eye Satellite Observation Pulse Star Art Map. The blue structure with a long extension is the Polaria Field, and the red structure near the neutron star is a multi -pole magnetic field. Energy spectrum in the middle of the recovery line will generate an absorption structure at 146 KEV. The fit residual is shown in the figure. The color represents photon energy. (The picture comes from the Institute of High Energy Physics).

The super bright X -ray pulse star is a special X -ray accumulation pulse star with an ultra -luminitude of the X -ray light. It was found in multiple galaxies outside the galaxy that astronomers speculated that the magnetic field strength of its pulse star was very high, but did not directly measure the measurement evidence. The "Huiyan" satellite conducted detailed wide energy segmentation of Swift J0243.6+6124, the first ultra -bright X -ray pulse star in the Milky Way. Standard deviation) found a rotary absorption line with an energy of up to 146,000 electron volts, corresponding to a neutron surface magnetic field with more than 1.6 billion Tesla. This is not only the highest measurement of the cosmic celestial field to date, but also the first time the surface magnetic field of the star star is directly measured in the super -bright X -ray source.

It is generally believed that the surface magnetic field structure of neutron stars is complicated. There are both the ductive pole magnetic field with a large scope of extension, as well as a multi -pole magnetic field limited to the surface of the neutron star. In the past, various indirect methods could only estimate the long -term neutron stars that extend a far -farther magnetic field. The surface magnetic field strength of the Swift J0243.6+6124 is directly measured by the "Huiyi" satellite, which is about an order of magnitude higher than the intensity of the even pole magnetic field given through the indirect method, indicating that it corresponds to the multi -pole magnetic field near the neutron star surface. This is the first time from the observation to directly prove that the neutron stars remove the bipolarity of the Polaria, which does have a more complicated asymmetric magnetic field structure.

Hui Eye Satellite is the first X-ray astronomical satellite in my country. It carries three scientific loads and space environment monitors: 1-250 KEV with high-energy X-ray telescope, medium-capable X-ray telescope and low-energy X-ray telescope. Compared with foreign X -ray satellites, the Hui eye satellite has the largest advantages of the effective area of ​​the effective area of ​​the capable section, the maximum effective area of ​​the high -energy X -ray energy section, the high time resolution, the small detection time, the strong observation source without the photon accumulation effect, etc. Open a new window for observing black holes, neutron stars hard X -rays and energy spectrum research. In 2020, the "Huiyan" satellite detected 90,000 electron volt-voltage rotary absorption lines in neutron stars numbered GRO J1008-57, which corresponds to the neutron star surface magnetic field of 1 billion Tesla, which was a world record of the direct measurement of the cosmic magnetic field at that time. Subsequently, the "Hui Eye" team also detected about 100,000 electron volt absorption lines on another neutron star (1A 0535+262). The "Huiyan" satellite has refreshing the highest record of energy measurement of the energy measurement of the rotation lines three times in a row, which shows that it has the unique international ability of the high -energy X -ray energy spectrum of celestial bodies.

Hui Eye Satellite was first proposed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences High Energy Institute, Li Yizhen, Wu Mei and others in 1993. The development of satellites was jointly supported by the National Defense Science and Technology Bureau's civil aerospace scientific research funding and the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Science and Technology.EssenceThe Chinese Academy of Sciences High Energy Institute is responsible for satellite valid load, ground application system and scientific research work.National Space Science Center, Beijing Normal University, etc.Article link: https://iopScience.iP.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ac77711

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