The Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hecheng District organizes the activities of "preventing and controlling birth defects and promoting fertility and health".

In order to promote the majority of pregnant women and their families in Hecheng District to actively participate in the study of pregnant women's schools, on September 14, the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hecheng District launched a specialized women's school classroom activity with the theme of "preventing and controlling birth defects and promoting fertility health".

Campaign activities such as preventing birth defects, knowledge answers, and handmade courses for birth pain in birth defects, knowledge answers, and prospective dads were carried out.

(Map on the event)

In my country, 900,000 children with birth defects each year have become the primary causes of death in my country under 5 years of age.

So, what is birth defect? How can we prevent birth defects? Zhang Hua, deputy dean and deputy chief physician of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hecheng District, answered you one by one.

Zhang Hua, deputy dean and deputy chief physician of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hecheng District: 00: 0005: 35

What is birth defect?

The birth defect refers to abnormal body structure, function or metabolic abnormalities that occur before the baby is born. Some abnormalities can be discovered when they are born, and some have gradually appeared for some time or even years after birth.

my country is a high -incidence of birth defects. About 900,000 new birth defects are added each year, which is equivalent to an average of a birth defect birth per minute. The severe harm of birth defects has become the main reason for the death and disability of our infants in my country. It not only brings a heavy economic burden on the society, but also seriously affects the harmony and happiness of the family and the improvement of national quality. It is of great significance to prevent birth defects and improve the quality of birth.

What are the causes of birth defects?

The birth defects are caused by genetic factors and environmental factors. Environmental factors include physical factors, biological factors, chemical factors and nutritional factors. Most birth defects are mainly caused by the common effect of genetic factors and environmental factors. There are mainly the following reasons:

★ The incidence of genetic diseases in close relatives has increased significantly.

★ The risk of the incidence of Chinatown syndrome in the elderly pregnancy has increased.

★ Nutritional deficiency during pregnancy can cause fetal malformations, such as folic acid deficiency can cause nerve tube malformation.

★ Pregnant women are infected by viruses, such as rubella virus infection can cause deafness, congenital heart disease, glaucoma, retinitis, etc.

★ During pregnancy, diabetes during pregnancy will increase the occurrence of fetal malformations.

★ Use teratogenic drugs during pregnancy.

★ Bad habits during pregnancy, such as drugs, smoking, drinking, and drinking coffee.

★ Contact with toxic and harmful substances, such as mercury, lead, benzene, pesticide, X -ray.

How to prevent birth defects?

Birth defect adopting a three -level prevention strategy:

The first -level prevention is to conduct health education, eugenics inspection and consultation guidance before and early pregnancy, implement intervention measures, and prevent the occurrence of birth defects. Currently available service methods: pre -marital health care, pre -pregnancy eugenics health examination.

The second -level prevention is prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis during pregnancy to reduce the birth of birth defects. Currently available service methods: prenatal screening, prenatal diagnosis, and health care.

The third -level prevention is to screen congenital diseases for newborns, treat and recover the children with defects, and reduce the degree of disability. Currently available service methods: newborn disease screening and children's system health care.

What are the benefits of planning for pregnancy?

Planning for pregnancy refers to the conscious active active arrangement of their fertility in accordance with the laws of both men and women's reproductive physiology. By adjusting physical and mental health and environmental conditions, choose the right time to conceive, and create a good pregnancy environment to obtain a satisfactory pregnancy ending.

Planning pregnancy is the prerequisite and foundation for preventing defects, and it will bring many benefits to the family:

(1) A planned pregnancy can minimize the non -willing pregnancy, which will greatly reduce the chance of artificial abortion;

(2) Avoid various adverse factors before and after pregnancy, which can significantly reduce natural miscarriage, premature birth, dysplasia of fetus, dead birth and birth defects;

(3) Planning pregnancy can help couples find out whether they have some chronic diseases and some diseases that may induce pregnancy, which significantly reduces the occurrence of pregnancy and complications during pregnancy.

Does plan to pregnancy have nothing to do with her husband?

Fertility is the common responsibility of both husband and wife. In the surrogacy, the man provides sperm, and the woman with eggs is an indispensable condition for conception. The quality of male sperm has half a decisive role in the health of offspring. In addition, many aspects of the pre -pregnancy preparations need to be cooperated and supported by her husband, such as contraceptive measures, dietary exercise, and home environment adjustment. Therefore, the husband should actively participate in pre -pregnancy preparation.

10 suggestions for preventing birth defects to expectant mothers

▲ Take folic acid supplement: expectant mothers should take 0.4 mg of folic acid per day from 3 months before pregnancy to 3 months of pregnancy to prevent neural tube defects.

▲ Wedding checkup and pregnancy examination: develop a healthy lifestyle, prepare for pregnancy, and prepare for the pre -pregnancy examination and consultation guidance before pregnancy.

▲ Genetic consultation: couples with genetic family history or bad pregnancy history must conduct genetic consultation and analyze the chance of genetic diseases affecting the fetus.

▲ Quit smoking, avoid second -hand smoke: pregnant women quit smoking, the chance of newborn birth defects and the chances of premature birth will be reduced.

▲ Quit alcohol: Alcohol can have a certain impact on the fetal intelligence, and severe cases can cause fetal disability. Alcohol can also affect the development of fertilized eggs and even cause fetal malformations.

▲ Avoid air pollution: Pay attention to ventilation at home, ensure the smooth air, and try to avoid renovation during pregnancy.

▲ Reasonable diet: eat diverse healthy foods, balance nutrition, and appropriately increase the intake of high -quality proteins and vitamins such as milk, fish, poultry, vegetables, fruits.▲ Relax: Excessive pressure can cause abortion.Premature birth or even infertility.If the doctor allows, pregnant women can relax through yoga or other sports.

▲ Virus test: Human nipple tumor (HPV) virus will increase the chance of premature birth for pregnant women, and may also cause the development of children's brain and lungs.

▲ Careful medication: Many non -prescription medicines have adverse effects on pregnant women and fetal health. Pregnant women should seek medical treatment in time, and take reasonable medication under the guidance of a doctor.

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