Bulletin India, madly even the second mother tongue to eliminate?

Hello everyone, this is a crow.

Many people know that Urdu is a Mandarin of "Basin", but it is easy to ignore that there are many people in India next door.

The situation where the Urdu language of India is there is now at stake. The Indian People's Party headed by Modi, especially the extreme right -wing Hindu ethnicists, is launching a fierce attack on the Urdu.

This is no longer news. Restricting and suppressing Uldu is a policy that has continued for more than 200 years.

The problem is that the Urdu language is not only close to Indian, but also affects and promotes each other in the long history. If you think deeply, it is really bad who "should" be India's "Mandarin". But now, it is defined by Indians as "the language of the invaders" and "exotic imported products" and must be excluded. This is so absurd in the Indian elite mouth of a lot of fluent and unique English -speaking English, which looks so absurd!

1

Indian language and Urdu are originally quite close, but they were artificially modified and expanded the difference between the two. This operation is really strange to look at the world.

(Hindu ethnicist source: Phoenix.com)

Speaking of India, we have also introduced many times. The modern "India" is a country that has been shaped. It really wants to investigate its history. Pakistan and India have no fundamental distinction in history and culture, and India itself is also a religion itself The melting furnace of the nation and language, the characteristic of "bulk" is reflected in all aspects. Everyone is used to the Indian language of "Indian Mandarin", but it is one of the universal languages ​​in the country.

The other main "Mandarin" is Urdu.

Urdu is a Mandarin in Pakistan, and it is also one of the 24 general language recognized by India. It is also shining in the history of ancient Indian literature. In history, it also surpassed the boundaries of Islam and Hinduism. Literary treasure.

Indian language and Urdu are born with the same root.

Even aside from historical origin, in modern linguistics, the two are two small branches of the Indian-Indian-Indian-Indian group.

Since the 10th century, a large number of Central Asian Muslims have entered the Indian region, and Islamic culture has also been introduced to South Asia.

During this period, a language called Kerry dialect was popular in Delhi and its surrounding areas in North India. Later, two written words were derived: one was a Hindi language written from left to right, and the other was Uldu, which is written in the Persian Arabic letter and NASTALIQ from right to left.

Of the Uldu, which is rooted in the South Asian subcontinent, 3 of the 35 letters are Hindi letters. In addition to absorbing some Hindi vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar are also similar to Hindi.

At the same time, under the influence of Islamic civilization, Uldu absorbed the pronunciation and rich vocabulary of Persian and Arabic, and was also marked with Islamic culture.

From the 12th to 13th centuries, Urdu, with the Islamic dynasty's battle and expansion in the next mainland, gradually transmitted from Delhi to vast regions such as Gujarat and Degan. Prosperity.

Urdu -language poetry is traditionally developed and known as the "language of poetry". In modern times, it has also achieved brilliant achievements in the field of short stories.

It can be said that Urdu language inherits the literary heritage of Persian and Arabic, and uses these heritage to further enrich Indian literature, but has never become the upper language of the time at that time. language.

As the British colonists entered South Asia, Urdu's language has undergone tremendous changes, and it has gradually differentiated into two languages ​​with India. But this change is neither natural nor "voluntary".

It is not that we deliberately black Da Ying. Its consistent operation is to deliberately shape the difference in the local area, expand the cracks of society, and hate each other to attack and even fight against each other.

It is also average in South Asia. As a foreign colonist, the British first stole the right to define and interpret the local traditional language and culture.

The British Willia Fort College, established in 1800, has a profound impact on the development of Indian language.

The British linguist John Gilkerste, then the director of the Department of Hindu, the Department of Hindu, divided the "Indianist Tan" into two types. He is called "Indianstan"), and another is more Hindi that uses Sanskrit vocabulary (he is called "Hindi").

In 1803, Williahe Fort writer Lalu Lal created his work "Love Sea", which not only deliberately removed the vocabulary of Persian and Arabic sources, but also replaced with the vocabulary of Sanskrit. "The Father of Modern Hindu Literature" has laid the foundation for Sanskrit.

In the same year, Gilkrister put forward a "new point of view" in "Oriental Prophet" -the Indian Stan (Uldu), Persian, Berry, Arabic, and Sanskrit Language is "unified", just Latinization.

Just as the famous proposition of "opening the window or lifting the roof", when a more outrageous option is on, many of them are reasonable. Of course, the traditional language Latinization is unacceptable in the local area, so you accept the "difference" of Urdu and Hindi.

The bad water of the British apparently faced the road of South Asian Hinduism. So in the second half of the 19th century, British India raised the Indian movement. Some influential Hindu ethnicists had participated in the resistance of Urdu. The language of foreign and weird "and" pollution contaminated by Islam "can only show Indian culture only by writing and using Sanskrit vocabulary. It is precisely this Hindi movement that stimulates the religious, exclusiveness and heterogeneity of Hindu and Hinduists on the side, and also makes conflicts between Hindus and Muslims increasingly intensified.

Uldu and Muslims were artificially painted.

As a result, from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Urdu and Hindi had become two languages ​​in separate ways, and they were deeply bundled with Islam and Hinduism respectively.

The strength of Hindu supporters is also reflected in the local market. During this period, more and more Indian Publishing House in Indian language.

As the most famous modern Indian writer, Promocye was originally written in Urdu. After 1916, he switched to Hindu's creation. In addition to publishing factors, he was also "trending" and voted for it.

2

In fact, Urdu is never the unique language of Indian Muslims. When it was governed by India and Pakistan, it was still the language of educational class in most parts of India. Whether it was Hindus, Muslims or Siki.

By the first half of the 20th century, India's most famous literary movement, in the Progressive Literature Movement, Uldu writers still made huge contributions to India's resistance to colonialism and fighting for national independence, creating a large number of classic works.

In the Indian Independence Movement, many popular slogans and songs also use Uldu, such as "Long Live" and the song "Saare Jahaan Se Accha better than the world".

But this does not prevent modern India from rejecting more and more.

This rejection of Urdu is not the original meaning of modern Indian pioneers.

Shortly after the India -Pakistani division in 1947, Nicru, the father of modern India, praised Urdu in his speech, saying that "Urdu is our (India) language. The culture is richer. "

To some extent, Nehru can even be called "the supporter of the Urdu", which not only knows many languages, but also listed Urdu language as one of the favorite languages; In the first Indo -Pakistan war, he complained with Urdu language as a Mandarin, and he did not identify the Urdu language as "foreign language".

For example, in the process of drafting the Indian Constitution, in the face of someone advocating the removal of Urdu language from the language recognized by the Constitution, Nehru made it clear that Urdu language is not just the language of Muslims, but also some Hinduism and some Hinduism and some Hinduism The mother tongue of Sikhs, not all Muslims in India moved to Pakistan.

In 1953, Nehru rebuked the voices of criticizing Urdu in his speech, thinking that since Urdu would not compete in India and Hindi, he had the right to inherit the tradition in the Language Family in India in India. , Continue development, why do you refuse or treat Urdu as a different language and nail?

But Nahru's attitude of holding does not change the fate of Urdu in India.

You know, the Urdu language is not only one of the 24 languages ​​recognized by the official, it is one of the two official languages ​​of Trun Ganna State. One of the additional local languages ​​in the state and Delhi central government.

Even in the important manifestation of Indian culture -in Bollywood movies, the more spoken Urdu is far wider than the more written Indian language, just as the screenwriter Javid Sidiki described, "If Do not use the words of DIL, Mohabbat, and ISHQ. Most of the songs of Bollywood movies will no longer exist. The problem is that these highest -frequently used central words are Urdu. This is precisely because of the unique rhythm. Erdu language has no other languages ​​in terms of voice and music that can be provided and replaced. "

Whether it is based on the legal status and the long -term development of culture, it is not wise to push Ul metropolitan into the fire pit.

However, for the "national country" India, which is "created", if you want to consolidate nationality and national identity, the lowest cost is to differentiate groups and shape contradictions. Of course, "enemy" is better to attract "yourself".

Due to India -Pakistan regulation, modern India has a natural "foreign enemy" Pakistan, so the country has the "foreign enemy" nation, religion, and language, and can also recognize the domestic "enemy". Therefore, the Urdu language that is not attached to a single religious nation is forcibly bound with the "Islamic attribute".

As a result, under the governance of the Indian government after the death of Nehru, the situation of Urdu is becoming increasingly difficult.

But at the same time, forcibly the promotion of Hindi language has also encountered obstacles in the South India region. They did not estimate, or there is no better solution.

(Hindu's "Mandarin" status, live in a dream)

The greater difficulty is that the geographical language is similar to the language of the earth.

Since the Indian government, which is more "Indian education", is unbearable, it is artificially creating a gap between the two languages ​​and widening the distance. It deliberately reduces the interoperability of the two languages ​​at the communication level. Status, although this orthodox status is their self -proclaimed, many states in South India do not admit it at all. After all, in their opinion, if the Indian language of Mandarin and official languages ​​is very similar to the Urdu language with colonial colors and Islamic colors, it is shame. Aren't you two "like", then we will give you two languages ​​that are "different".

Since the Urdu language is written in Nastaliq, more vocabulary of Persian and Arabic appears more. There must be a foreign language.

But in fact, Hindi similar to Pinyin text is easier to Latin, and there are several groups of similar letters in Urdu, which cannot be judged by listening.

Once forcibly Latinization, it is impossible to express the difference between these pronunciations with Latin letters, which will make the very different styles and unique aesthetics brought by this kind of alien letters in the same sound. It is obviously unrealistic forcibly modifying.

To put it seriously, such a change may be to change India's Urdu "no". If a language loses its uniqueness, it will inevitably be forgotten by the public.

As the famous Urdu scholar Namam once questioned, if the poet Galibal, Ikbar, and Fitz used the Latin -based Uldu language, it is difficult to imagine to create these classic works. After all, the rhythm and essence of poetry cannot be replaced.

Turkish Latinization is a precedent. The new generation of Turkish people cannot experience the use of old writing to play with literature, and those works that have gone through the baptism and representatives of the Academic and Cultural Heritage of the Ottoman Empire contain the wisdom of the ancestors. , By permanent dust in the library or in the old book stall.

Of course, if these occurred in the Urdu of India, it may be exactly what extreme Hindu nationalism is.

Since Urdu is accused of "colonial products", the right wing of India, Hindi must highlight the orthodoxity and locality, and use more classic Sanskrit vocabulary, grammar, and expression.

After all, this Sanskrit language is the language that is only a manifest in the ancient Indian. The language of Brahmin, who is a priest, has basically lost the language function, becomes a written text, and is more used for research. Only the language of the language is the language of our old Indians.

The problem is that this method of using ancient Sanskrit as the root, creating a lot of new words to join the Indian language, it is really a snake. This kind of obscure vocabulary that only exists in the classics of Indian religions does not even understand even Hindu's mother tongue. The significance of highly Sanskrit -language circulation is far less than political significance. Learn to read and write but can't say.

I have seen the language reform from complex to simple, and becoming more and more lingering in order to be more favorable to promote and promote the masses to sweep the masses; It makes it difficult for the outside world to imagine.

3

In addition to the reform of the two languages, the Indian government's direct suppression of the Urdu language is not uncommon, and the relevant bleeding conflict is not an example. Modi Laoxian was just inherited the mantle of his predecessors and picked up the banner of "persecution" Urdu.

After all, the Indian Party's mother -in -law national volunteer service group has been hostile to all religions except Hinduism. "The head of trouble", as a symbol of Muslims, is the goal of being excluded or "purified".

In 2014, at the beginning of Modi, Hindu Sandwenists launched a campaign against Urdu on public media such as Twitter.

Rajast Tanzhong first changed the textbook of Urdu language as a medium to Hindi on the grounds of "convenient management". It stopped hiring teachers who could teach Uldu. The Du language test papers, and in 2016, took a further textbook and deleted the works of the famous Ur Dudu classic writers from the Indian textbooks.

In 2017, at the legislature parliament in the North, two Muslim members were refused to use the Urdu language. In December of the same year, a member of the Volkswagen Socialist Party was accused of "hurting religious emotions" because of the use of Urdu. Essence

Waiting for a while, who is "hurting religious emotions" ...

In 2018, a protest broke out in Western Bangladesh, and the spearr pointed at the appointment of Urdu language teachers, causing the two to be killed in the riots.

On August 7, 2019, the Delhi High Court accused the Delhi police director that he used the Urdu word in a preliminary data report, especially in the Uldu language "exaggerated and unpredictable" Persian words. The source vocabulary is because these words are "unable to be understood by ordinary people."

With many people in India "obscure and difficult to understand" in the traditional language that has been used for a long time, "new" Hindi, which makes ordinary people not understand the Sanskrit factor that makes ordinary people do not understand at all?

In 2021, the leadership of the Indian party took the lead in resisting the well -known local clothing brand Fabindia, because the latter used the style of Urdu language vocabulary and Mughar's traditional clothing in the advertisement. In the end, the brand was forced to choose from official pressure selection Advanced and silently withdrew the advertisement. In April 2022, an extremely right -wing Indian journalist broke into a local fast -food chain shop and questioned the staff "why there would be a Urdu language on the food packaging bag". Language, but it was really a propaganda word in Urdu. And there is no problem in the Arabic Arabic in True Foreign Languages.

Many of India's place names with Islamic colors, and because of the conflict between Hindu and Urdu, especially the official resistance to Urdu, the new name often has strong Hindu colors.

For example, at first glance, the "Mughar Sale" railway station, which was the logo of Varanasi, was used to commemorate the Mugaer dynasty and was renamed "Upadaya", which commemorated 1968 here. Upardaya, the general secretary of the Indian People's Alliance (formerly the party) of the Indian People's Alliance.

As Mr. Ji Xianlin said, "As the social status of Urdu's language in India gradually declines, the prospects of Urdu Language in India are not optimistic."

Whether it is artificially modifying Hindi, promoting Hydroma, or suppressing Urdu, it is basically "an attack on Muslims related symbols." Historian Audrey Truccker believes that India (religion) tries to eliminate Muslims from the history of India.

India's historical description has been confused. Modern Indian history is even more "artificial" national history. You are also busy eliminating your historical traditions. What else is left? Intersection

Reference materials:

Global Network: "The right wing of India is to suppress the domestic Muslims, and even Uldu said to die together? "

Shatharman Hark, Yuan Yuxun: "Where does the Urdu language under language conflict go in India? "

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Shahzeman Hark, Yuan Yuxun: "Why is Persian writing still meaningful to Urdu? "

Shahezerman Hark, Yuan Yuhang: "The Love of Urdu: The Contribution of Zhenna and Nicru"

"There is no Mandarin in India, who is the north -south people who carry the pot? "

Aljazeera: Hate Campaign Inindia Against Urdu for Being a ‘Muslim’ Language

POLICYOF DESTRUCTION of Urdu in India

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