1.6 billion US dollars!The true face of the exposure institutional corruption of the largest political donation case in the United States

Author:Look at the think tank Time:2022.09.27

In 2022, the US midterm elections approached, and "black gold" continued to pour into American politics. Recently, the publication of the British "Guardian" website revealed that in the past two years, through a series of opaque transactions, Billionaires and 90 -year -old electronic manufacturing giants, Barry Sidd, chaired Republican Republicans Lenad Lio A conservative political group "Federal Party Society" donated the largest "black gold" known as the history of the United States, with a total amount of up to $ 1.6 billion.

Screenshot source: Global Times "

What is "black gold"? How does "black gold" affect US politics and social aspects? The chaos under "money politics" reveals the hypocrisy veil of "American democracy" and the true face of institutional corruption in the United States.

Text 丨 Li Yunshu Chai Yaxin

This article is reproduced from the WeChat public account "Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Commission's State Supervision Commission website" (ID: zyjwgjjw). The original first was released on September 19, 2022. The original title was "1.6 billion US dollars! "The True Face of the U.S.'s largest political contributions to the institutional corruption" does not represent the viewpoint of looking at the think tank.

The election funds are shaped as virtual, the source of the "black gold" with opaque sources, unpopular uses, and unlimited quota is unlimited.

In the elections of large and small in the United States, candidates need to use "burning money" to enhance the "sense of existence", including advertising, employees, printed propaganda materials, election activities in various places, and even strike competitors. and many more. To support huge campaign expenses, finding the "gold master" is the top priority of the candidate.

In 1972, the "Water Gate Incident" broke out, and then a series of illegal donations and money trading scandals surfaced. The "Gold Lord" caused public dissatisfaction through the excessive impact of donation and manipulating the election. In order to curb the erosion of "money politics" to democracy, in 1974, the US Congress amended the Federal Campaign Law to further restrict election expenses and political donations. The law stipulates that in the election (including the preliminary election and election), the donation of each candidate for individuals and organizations must not exceed 1,000 US dollars, and the total donation of the Political Action Commission shall not exceed $ 5,000; The donation of the Political Action Commission shall not exceed $ 25,000.

Barry Seed. Picture source: Global Times

Oppositions from the two parties from the United States followed, and many members believed that the Federal Campaign Law and its amendments violated the "freedom of speech" and "procedure legal" in the Constitution. In the end, in 1976, the Supreme Court abolished the restrictions of the Federal Campaign Law on Congress Campaign expenses.

In the next decades, although the United States has introduced the "Reform of the Both Party Campaign", the restrictions on campaign funds are virtually defined.

At the end of 2007, the US non -profit organization "joint citizen" publicized and tried to play a film that criticized candidates Hillary Clinton. However, the "Reform of the Both Party Campaign" stipulates that the enterprise or trade union shall not be able to fund the remarks related to the campaign or slander the candidate within 60 days or 30 days before the election. In order to avoid sanctions, the "joint citizen" sued the Federal Election Commission to court, saying that this provision was unconstitutional.

After the preliminary trial of the local court, the case was eventually appealed to the Supreme Court. In January 2010, the Supreme Court made a ruling 5: 4, overthrowing the "Both Party Campaign Reform Law" to restrict the independent expenditure and campaign publicity of enterprises or trade unions. This ruling opened the "Pandora Box" of political contributions -since then, as long as the enterprise and group do not give the money directly to the candidate, but use the funds for the activities of various supporting candidates, you can use the money unlimited money. Support election. The secret funds, including foreign funds, can flow into US politics without restrictions.

"Black Gold" continued to influx into the election, which seriously weakened the government's ability to solve existing problems after the government came to power.

How much does it cost to be the president of the United States?

In the 1860 U.S. election, Abraham Lincoln was elected the 16th President of the United States. During the period, the Republican Party spent $ 100,000. Now, the US presidential campaign fee is growing to double -in 2004, the election fee of the two presidential candidates for the Republican and Democratic Party of the United States and the Democratic Party reached $ 700 million. In 2008, this number quickly increased to $ 1 billion, and in 2012 it was $ 2 billion. In 2016, a total of $ 6.6 billion, including the presidential election and Congress elections, spent a total of $ 6.6 billion. In 2020, the response political center of the US -Wing Party agency estimated that the US election cost nearly $ 14 billion, reaching a record high.

While "black gold", while severely corroding the US political ecology and damaging the government's national governance capabilities, it has also enlarged the contradiction between social injustice and ethnic groups that are very serious. The picture shows a series of social issues such as a series of social issues such as the U.S. -rooted racial discrimination and economic injustice caused by thousands of people from all over the United States. Xinhua News Agency reporter Liu Jie

The entry of "black gold" will undoubtedly affect the behavior of candidates, political parties, and government decisions.

"The campaign system of the US president pays attention to 'discussing the reward. After taking office, the president will provide political returns based on the contribution of political donors, such as the identity of diplomats abroad, entering the government in the government to engage in public office, or directly use it to directly use it to directly use the government, or directly use it. Or indirectly participating in the governance process, etc., etc. This is actually an open return. "Zhang Tengjun, deputy director of the Asia -Pacific Institute of China Institute of International Institute of International Issues, told reporters. This "exchange" makes US politics closely linked with the interests of "Black Gold Group", which essentially reflects the demands of the "gold master" behind the scenes. "Many of the commitments made by the candidate are the demands of the" Black Gold Group ". After each government came to power, especially the new president, the so -called" new officials have three fires', which is largely burned to the burned to the burned to the burned Behind the scenes of the "Golden Lord". This makes them often promulgate a series of administrative orders that oppose or revoke the corresponding policies of the original president, which has damaged the continuity of the US policy. "

Such a repeated policy tendency will not only directly affect the implementation of the US policy, but also ignore the areas of urgent reforms that the American people pay attention to. "Politics has become a few oligopoly money games in the United States. The result of the final campaign is actually the product of transactions between various interest groups. This has essentially weakened the ability to solve existing problems in the United States after the next government came to power. "Zhang Tengjun said.

"Black Gold Politics" enlarged the contradiction between social injustice and ethnic groups, tearing throughout the American society.

While severely corroding the national governance capabilities of the US political ecology and harming the government, the "black gold" has also enlarged the very serious social injustice and ethnic contradictions, tearing the entire American society.

The problem of gun violence has plagued the United States for many years. According to statistics from the US non -profit organization "bring gun safety to each town", from 2016 to 2020, more than 110 Americans were shot every day, more than 200 people were injured, and an average of more than 40,000 people died each year. The United States has become the world in the world. The country with the worst violence of guns.

On August 27, Austin, the capital of Texas, participated in the rally call for gun control. Xinhua News Agency (Photo by Li Bo)

Facing the serious deterioration of social security, the US government has never been able to take strong measures on the problem of gun control, because the reason is the "black gold interest chain" behind. As the "boss" in the anti -control gun interest group, the influence of more than 5 million members and a large amount of funds has penetrated into all levels and aspects of the US election politics. Interests groups such as the United States National Rifle Association have continuously lobby politicians, providing a large number of political donations, hindering gun -controlling legislation, making the United States have not made important progress in gun control legislation so far. On the other hand, with the deterioration of social order, the willingness of the disadvantaged groups to hold guns is stronger, and the oppositional emotions of people who hold different opinions have continued to rise, and the degree of social tearing has further increased.

The bloody data reveals the serious inequality of the existence of American society. According to statistics from the US Census, the US poverty rate in 2020 was 11.4%, and the poverty rate of African -American poverty reached 19.5%, and the poverty rate for Latin American descent reached 17%. Studies from the University of Southern California and Princeton have shown that the new crown pneumonia's epidemic has reduced the average life expectancy of Americans by 1.13 years. Among them, the average expectations of African and Latin Americans have decreased by 2.1 years and 3.05 years. The average life expectancy fell by 0.68 years. The deep -rooted racist "virus" spreads with the new coronary pneumonia virus, the racial economy's gaps are continuously expanded, and racial inequality is increasing.

The deep -seated reasons for such injustice are the long -term manipulation and capture of the US government and political parties by the interest groups, and cannot formulate and implement taxes, industrial and social security policies that promote social fairness. Political critic and social activist Nim Jimsky, a political critic and social activist of the MIT, said that the influence of Americans on policy formulation is positively correlated with their wealth level. influences. "They are in disadvantages in terms of income level, wealth, etc., which is equivalent to being deprived of the right to participate in politics."

"When you need $ 14 billion to choose a president, you think of what kind of democracy is. U.S. people cannot talk to parliament members unless they pay and bring business benefits. Ordinary people are uncomfortable. You need money and you need lobbying. The US government is completely corrupted, "said the famous Hollywood director Oliver Stone.

"Black Gold Politics" is only one of the manifestations of institutional corruption in the United States.

"In response to the reform of campaign funds, in fact, democracy and Republican members have proposed corresponding bills, but they have not been effective." Zhang Tengjun told reporters.

In the field of judicial in the United States, the "Black Gold Group" impacts it by supporting the nominations of some judges. "Some judges are more conservative on the issue of restricting election expenses. They believe that any social organization or individual has the right to conduct political donations or political activities. The 'Black Gold Group' intends to promote these judges into the US court system."

At present, there are six conservative judges and three liberal judges in the Supreme Court of the United States. This pattern is a very important "political heritage" for former US President Trump. In Zhang Tengjun's view, as the Federal Supreme Court shows a serious conservative trend, the campaign funds will be more difficult to get strict supervision. "Black Gold Politics" is only one of the manifestations of institutional corruption in the United States. "Although the US election system is a democratic election from the bright side, it is" everyone has a vote ", but in fact, only a few people can impact the election results. "Zhang Tengjun said.

The essential cause of these phenomena is that the national governance system has endogenous defects in system design. "At the beginning of the founding of the United States, its institutional designer was a wealthy elite class. They largely reflected the thinking of elite rule. It was intended to avoid the greater impact of ordinary American civilians on the country. Most people's democracy, "Zhang Tengjun said.

The "black gold politics", the unscrupulous lobbying groups, the "political business rotation door" of the unscrupulous lobbying group ... After more than 200 years of operation, the disadvantages of the US system have become increasingly prominent, and various contradictions in China are becoming increasingly fierce. Just as former US President Carter lamented, "American democracy is dead, and it is replaced by oligopoly politics." The United States is sliding towards the dangerous edge of systemic failure.

Uncle Ku Welfare

Uncle Ku's book is always there! Renmin University of China Press provided 15 "Alien Thinking" for Uncle Ku to enthusiastic readers. The "Alien" thinking framework, which is proposed by the strategic innovation professor of the Lausanne International Management Development Institute in Switzerland, includes the five major five major five major five major prices at the strategic innovation of the School of Management and Development of Switzerland. Innovative elements can help us get rid of the rigid thinking mode and become a creative problem solving. Please comment under the article that the top 3 (more than 50) who likes the highest likes will get a book.