I lost 1.59 milliseconds a day, and the earth set the fastest rotation record!Experts from the University of China unveiled the reasons behind

Text/Yangcheng Evening News all -media reporter Chen Liang

Correspondent Chen Xiaodong

"How do you feel that a day is passing so soon?" This may not be "illusion", but the phenomenon that is being staged in reality -the recent acceleration of Earth's rotation has led to shortening day. Recently, according to the latest public data, on June 29, 2022, the speed of Earth's rotation hit the fastest record since 1969. It is also the fastest record since the earth's rotation speed accurate record, less than the standard 24 hours (86400 seconds) less (86400 seconds). 1.59 milliseconds.

Earth Rotary Picture/Vision China

In order to unveil the "mysterious veil" of the earth's accelerated rotation, Yangcheng Evening News reporters interviewed Professor Zhong Min and Professor Feng Wei of the School of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology of Sun Yat -sen University. The experts interviewed said, "It's actually not accurate 24 hours a day. In the short term, the earth sometimes rotates a little bit, and the daily length becomes shorter; but from hundreds of thousands of years or even longer Long is becoming long. "

Earth's self -rotation is like a skate athlete's ice rotation

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: In addition to the fastest record of Earth's rotation on June 29, what other "fast running" performances have the earth in recent years?

Experts interviewed: On July 26 this year, the earth appeared in less than 24 hours a day, and its rotation speed was 1.5 milliseconds less than 24 hours. In recent years, the earth's rotation has been frequently accelerated. The shortest record of the last time was on July 19, 2020. The Earth Rotary broke the fastest daily record since 1969. It was 1.47 milliseconds less than the standard 24 hours. A day of less than 24 hours.

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: Why is the daily length of time not fixed? How does the earth speed up the rotation speed?

Interviewed experts: The rotation of the earth mainly includes the revolution around the sun and the rotation of the earth itself. The earth's rotation movement around the sun has formed four seasons, and the rotation of the earth itself forms daily sunset. The rotation and rotation speed of the earth are roughly stable, so the length of our year and one day is basically the same.

However, when people use modern astronomical measurement and earth measurement to observe the observation accuracy of the earth, we find that the speed of these rotation will change, so the length of the year and one day is not constant.

Earth Rotary Picture/Visual China

In physics, the rotation of the earth needs to be in line with the law of conservation of angle. This is like figure skating athletes. When they rotate on the ice, although the angular volume is conservative, it can accelerate or slow the rotation speed by retracting and opening the arm. The same is true of the earth. The "arm" of the earth stretching and bending means that the quality of the earth's surface runs from one place to another. At this time, the rotation speed of the earth will change to ensure that the angle of the earth is conservative.

Earth rotation accelerates every summer and slows down in winter

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: Is the speed of the earth accelerating?

Interviewed experts: This is not the case. There is a long -term slowdown trend, periodic changes, and special irregular changes in the speed of the earth's rotation.

In the long run, because of the influence of tide friction, especially the moon, the rotation speed of the earth is getting slower and slower. In other words, one day will become longer and more "difficult". In terms of geology, we found that the earth rotates slower and slower through early coral fossils. Calculated from the growth line of coral fossils in ancient times, 400 days a year ago, 400 days ago, rather than 365 days. In other words, when the earth was around the sun at that time, the earth rolled more than 400 laps, and the speed of rotation was greater than the current speed.

In addition to the slowdown in the long term, the rotation of the earth also has obvious seasonal changes. It is mainly affected by the changes in the wind farm season of the wind farm on the east and west directions of the earth. The wind farm wind speed is usually reduced in summer and the winter is enhanced, resulting in the process of accelerating summer and slowing winter (the law of conservation of the earth's angle) in the earth's rotation. The amplitude of changes in the anniversary of the turn is about 20-25 milliseconds, which is mainly related to monsoon. In the year, the earth rotation speed is fast or slow, and it is not uniform.

Earth rotation speed changes irregularly, and irregular changes of instant fast time. There are also three situations in this kind of change: ① decades or more changes, and its relative changes are less than ± 5 × 10-10 each year; ② change from several years to 10 years, and the relative changes are less than ± 8 × 10 each year -9; ③ change from several weeks to months, and its relative changes are less than ± 5 × 10-8 per year.

1 second change caused by self -rotation is very important

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: Since the speed of the earth's rotation has been slower for a long time, why is the recent acceleration of Earth's self -reaching frequency?

Experts interviewed: Our team has studied observation materials for 60 years of daily changes (see Figure 1). The analysis of the recent acceleration of the Earth's frequency frequency frequency is mainly caused by the following two major factors:

1. From the long -term change curve diagram of the observation, it can be seen that the reason for the recent acceleration of the earth rotation is the influence of the changes in the electromagnetic coupling torque of the earth's nuclear mantle (principle of the earth's nuclear mantle generator). In recent years The low -value period of the change is shortened, and the rotation accelerates. It belongs to the first situation in the irregular change of the earth's rotation;

2. Recently, the acceleration of the Earth's frequency frequency has occurred in June and July in the summer. It is mainly influenced by the changes in the season of the earth's weft wind field. As a result, the earth's rotation will accelerate in summer each year, which is a seasonal change that is the earth's rotation speed. Figure 1: 1962 ~ 2022 Earth's self -roll -up daily change (LOD), unit: millisecond interviewee confession

According to reports, some international studies have believed that the acceleration of Earth's rotation in the near future may swing with the Earth's rotation (Chandler's swing refers to the small free swing of the earth's self -rotating axis relative to the surface of the north and south poles on the surface of the earth. Because the earth is not the earth is not a A standard sphere, rotating from the small cycle of the north and south poles on the surface of the earth on the surface of the earth), global warming, the melting of the Arctic Glacier, and the tidal movement, which is not yet conclusive.

In addition, why did Chandler swing in 2017 to 2020 why he reappeared again after "silence"? It is worth exploring scientists in the future.

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: What is the most direct impact of the earth accelerated rotation? Does it affect our daily life?

Experts interviewed: Study the term "daily long change" of the earth's rotation to represent the fast slowness of the earth's rotation. Broken value. When the earth becomes slow or faster, the Earth has increased or decreased. In order to remain consistent with the standard atomic clock time, the World Time Service Institution will ensure that the difference between the earth rotating the sun and the coordinated world of the atomic clock based on the coordination world of the atomic clock is within 0.9 seconds.

In the long run, due to the slow decrease in the speed of the earth's rotation, the daily length is also slowly becoming longer, and the leap seconds often increase by 1 second. If the rotation of the earth continues to grow, it is likely that there may be negative leap seconds in the future. The time system is ubiquitous in our daily life, and all aspects of society such as scientific research, financial services and traffic navigation are inseparable from accurate time. Therefore, it is also very important to increase or decrease the time of the earth's self -rotation fast.

Yangcheng Evening News · Yangcheng School: Will the earth's rotation still accelerate? Do we need to take countermeasures?

Interviewed experts: The above figure shows that in recent years, daily changes are in the low -value period of about 18 years of large -cycle changes. The low value period means that the daily length is shorter and the earth rotation accelerates. The first two low-value period corresponding to 1985-1987, 2003-2005, respectively. At present, the low-value period of daily changes should be from 2020-2023. Earth rotation should be at the maximum value of this acceleration, and then it will enter a stage of deceleration of the earth's self-rotation cycle. This is the natural law of the earth's rotation movement, and the public does not need to have special measures.

Source | Yangcheng Evening News • Yangcheng School

Responsible editor | Zheng Zongmin

School Division | Li Hongyu

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