Continue to promote regional cooperation and multilateralism

Vice Chairman of the Brohima SangaFowa Coulibaly, Blahima Sanga, and Elizabeth Sidiropoulos (Elizabeth Sidiropoulos) and others in South Africa. The official website of the Brookings Society in the United States published an article "Regional Cooperation: Necessary Supplement to Global Multidivism" stated that it is necessary to study and formulate the best cooperation framework for regional cooperation organizations and multilateral cooperation organizations to effectively reduce the governance pressure of multilateral cooperation organizations and help help. Global common response to transnational challenges.

The influence of regional cooperation organization on multilateralism

Beginning in the 1980s, many regional cooperation organizations have been established worldwide, which has caused people to discuss what role it plays in multilateralism. Some critics are not optimistic about regional cooperation organizations and believe that they may destroy multilateralism. A survey on multilateralism shows that whether it is an expert from northern or southern countries, it has made support for regional cooperation organizations. When it comes to whether the government will provide more support for multilateralism, the attitude of some respondents is not optimistic, which may be affected by the current global situation and reduce people's confidence in multilateralism. However, more interviewees expressed their support for multilateralism, which shows that open integration is the general trend. It should continue to promote regional cooperation and multilateralism to effectively respond to various types of global challenges.

Kulbali and Sidriplos believe that on the one hand, regional cooperation organizations represent the interests of more smaller countries and can respond to local challenges more flexibly. Ideally, this will also give regional cooperation organizations to the rationality of the regional cooperation organization, which can further expand its influence. On the other hand, compared to multilateral cooperation organizations, regional cooperation organizations often have less resources, and their ability to respond to global challenges and implement specific policies is limited. Moreover, regional cooperation organizations may sometimes be limited by interest competition between internal member states, and it is difficult to take overall effective action. The European Union is a special case. Its member states achieve regional cooperation through the transfer of sovereignty and the consistent voting system. However, not all regional cooperation organizations can do this. For example, the African continental Free Trade Zone, which is implemented by African countries to promote regional trade, does not transfer sovereignty like the EU as the EU. Under this framework, trade negotiations are still the permissions of sovereign states.

Regarding the influence of regional cooperation organizations on multilateralism, INDERJEET PARMAR, a professor at the International Political Department of the University of London, said in an interview with this reporter that this depends on the regional cooperation organization and the multilateral cooperation organization Openness. The operating philosophy and practice between cooperation organizations in different regions are different, as is multilateral cooperation organizations. For example, although the EU shows a high degree of internationalization, it will also produce discrimination against some poor commodity producers, and this discrimination is generally implemented by adjusting tariffs. From a higher level, the European Union is well integrated into the international order dominated by the United States in terms of values ​​and practice. The Bolivar Alliance, consisting of Latin American countries, refuses to accept the new liberal order, so it is often blocked and sanctions from the United States and other countries.

Looking for the optimal framework for regional cooperation with multilateral

The large -scale and complexity of the challenges facing countries around the world has made people look forward to multilateralism. Kulbali and Sidriplos said that the world's wanting to reach unified rules and actions is becoming more and more difficult, coupled with the polarization of geopolitical politics, the reform of various organizations and its processes in the world also faces obstacles. In the past few years, the inefficient operation of some global organizations has led to the emergence of other organizations or mechanisms, including regional cooperation organizations. These organizations can even affect non -member countries through formulating rules and promotion standards. In the 21st century, multilateralism in order to ensure the security of people's power and enhance social progress, it must coexist with regionalism. The main challenge is how to achieve the best coordination of multilateral cooperation organizations and regional cooperation organizations.

Kulbali and Sidiropros believe that regional cooperation organizations are important participants in response to transnational challenges. Some of them are best to solve at the regional level, such as waterway sharing arrangements. In response to climate change, cross -border taxation or supervision, technical governance, solutions must rely on globalization. Of course, sometimes regional cooperation is also an effective tool for advancing the global agenda framework. The best cooperation framework for regional cooperation organizations and multilateral cooperation organizations shall be based on the balance, complementarity and auxiliary nature of the two. Guided by a set of general principles, the regional cooperation organizations and global multilateral institutions will be determined. Suitable for all kinds of multinational challenges. The cooperation framework also considers how to divide specific functions and responsibilities between regional and global institutions, including rules formulation, policy development, determining implementation methods, resource transfer, feedback, and evaluation.

Regarding how to improve global governance, Pama believes that a world system that fully pursues new liberalism may be characterized by regional and global economic integration, but it has internal instability. This is because neo -liberalism has generated income, wealth, and power inequality, which leads to dissatisfaction with economic development and politically resistance. In Pama's view, the socialist world system is most likely to form a fair relationship between the country, region and the global economy. The role of developing countries is increasingly prominent

At the level of regional and global governance, southern countries play a very important role. Pama explained that the convening of the Bandung Conference in 1955 showed how the Asian -African people united and stood outside the colonial rule and pole competition. This has played an important role in the non -alliance campaign and the formation of the 77th. As an important force in world politics, Southern countries have promoted the establishment of regional cooperation organizations such as the Southeast Asian Alliance and the African Union to avoid the complete control of Western countries on the global governance system.

At present, the world economy should show a larger platform diversity and the selectivity of trade investment flow, and increase the type of reserve currency, which requires developing countries to actively participate in the global economic governance system. Yaroslav Lissovolik, the head of the Russian think tank, said that in the past few years, developing countries have made significant progress in promoting regional integration. Among them, Africa is more representative. The formation of the Mainland Free Trade Zone and the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement", Latin America and the Caribbean national community, African Alliance, and Shanghai Cooperation Organization are more prominent in volume and comprehensive.

Compared with developed countries, although the distribution of developing countries is more scattered, it has a wider range of scope and has gathered many regional integrated projects and corresponding development institutions. Lisovlik believes that due to the influence of multiple factors, regional cooperation organizations in developing countries are open, inclusive, cultural diversity, and greater growth potential, so they will be more competitive. In particular, China has become a powerful promoter for regional cooperation and multilateralism. In response to the "murmur" generated by some Western countries around the "Belt and Road" initiative, Lisovlik believes that the initiative proposed by Western countries has not effectively connected to infrastructure projects in developing countries and cannot replace the "Belt and Road" initiative. In addition, the formation of regional cooperation organizations in developing countries will give play to the potential of developing countries to participate in trade and investment to promote the process of de -US dollar.

A vibrant and more sustainable global governance system requires the coexistence of different economic models and organizations, and it is necessary to attach importance to the role of the development of economies and regional integration. In the future, the global governance system may be diversified in cooperation between countries and countries, and between regions, rather than dominated by single organizations or platforms. The most important thing is that developed countries with extensive and inclusive organizations will enable developing economies to create their own portal to better integrate into the global economy. As Latin America, Africa, and Asian countries, as stakeholders, they can play an important role in the development of regional cooperation organizations. At the same time, developing economies can make practical contributions to the reconstruction of global governance through different regional cooperation organizations, as well as different paths and methods of economic development and modernization. Lisovlik said that whether it is between countries and regional cooperation organizations, if cross -regional integration lacks horizontal coordination and communication channels, it will not be conducive to the general coordination of global governance. The lack of interconnection between regional cooperation organizations may be related to its maturity. As the regional integration of developing countries gradually catch up with the developed economies, this situation will improve.

Source: China Social Science Network-Journal of Social Sciences of China

Author: Wang Junmei

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