"The first major agreement", there is no U.S.

On the afternoon of the 22nd local time (on the evening of the 22nd Beijing time), Istanbul, Turkey, and Russia and Ukraine signed agreements with the United Nations and Turkish officials, respectively to resolve Russia and Ukraine's grain out of the Heihai Port. These two "three -party agreement" and the "Quartet Agreement" previewed by Turkey the day before the day before, but if the implementation is smooth, it will greatly alleviate the current food shortage of food facing many countries in the world. "There is a lighthouse on the Black Sea." UN Secretary -General Gutres said after the document signed. Almost all international media believe that this is the first major agreement reached between Russia and Ukraine since the outbreak of Russia and Ukraine. The agreement is mainly for mediation by Turkey and the United Nations, and there is no participation in the United States and the European Union. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin said in response to related questions on the 22nd that China welcomed this. It is hoped that the relevant parties will maintain a conversation trend to end the conflict as soon as possible and realize the conditions of peace as soon as possible. The analysis believes that although the signing of the agreement has gone through bumps, it is facing greater problems compared to how to ensure the successful implementation of the agreement.

At the last moment, Ukraine changed hexagrams?

The signing of this agreement is not easy, and the related negotiations of Turkey and the United Nations leaders have been carried out for more than a month. On July 21, when the Turkish Presidential Palace announced that the Quartet would sign the agreement the next day, Russia and Ukraine did not respond, and the media speculated. The Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) reported that Ukraine was cautious about the agreement. Ukrainian parliamentarian Oleksey Hongchangke, who is close to the relevant negotiations, told the BBC: "We don't trust the Russians at all. So let's wait until tomorrow to make the final decision. A moment of change. "

"Any expected agreement may collapse at the last moment." The New York Times said on the 21st that even if the agreement was reached, the Russia -Ukrainian execution agreement, which is in a state of war, may suffer major obstacles. Harker, deputy spokesperson of the United Nations Secretary -General, said: "The situation is still a bit unstable, so I really can't say anything."

On the 22nd, Russia and Ukraine signed a grain export agreement with the United Nations and Turkey, respectively. The picture shows the UN Secretary -General Gutres (front row left), Turkish President Erdogan (front row right), Russian Defense Chief Shogu (back row left) and Turkish Defense Chief Akar (back row right) attended signing ceremony. (Agence France -Presse)

On the afternoon of the 22nd, the Russian side was the first to announce that the Russian Defense Minister Shoigugo had led a delegation to Istanbul to sign a document on canceling Russian grain export restrictions and assisting in shipping out of Ukraine. After that, the Ukraine also announced that the delegation led by Ukraine Infrastructure Minister Cubrakov has arrived in Istanbul to start negotiation on grain exports. It wasn't until this time that the outside world was relieved. However, after that, the assistant director of the Ukraine President's Office Podoliak posted on Twitter that Ukraine "only signed a grain export agreement with Turkey and the United Nations and assumed its obligations for this without signing any documents with Russia." A separate "mirror protocol" will be signed. He also said that it would not allow Russian vessels to escort the grain ship, and there will be no Russian representatives in the port of Ukraine. "Once a provocation occurs, we will immediately make a military response."

How to execute, difficulty

According to reports, according to the documents signed with the United Nations and Turkey, the three Ukrainian ports -Odessa, Chelno Mosk and You Ri -in the Russian and Ukraine "Black Sea Corridor" export agreement was included. Control is still in Ukraine. Except for related ships, other ships are not allowed to enter these ports.

The agreement stipulates that both Russia and Ukraine will allow agricultural products such as food and fertilizers to export to the international market via the Black Sea to ensure that the transport vessels do not fire. The two sides will conduct joint inspections on the ship at the port to avoid the situation of transportation in the process. Turkey is responsible for ensuring the safety of ships in the Black Sea, and will set up a coordination center in Istanbul, including UN officials, which will jointly supervise the export of agricultural products in Russia and Ukraine.

On May 8, Halkov, Ukraine, a missile fragments left in farmland. (Visual China)

Both Russia and Ukraine are global exports of food exports. Our wheat, corn and other agricultural products have long been exported to Africa for a long time. At present, the grain harvest is peak. Ensuring the smooth flow of the black sea transportation route will be an important factor that affects global food security in the second half of the year. According to the Ministry of Agriculture of Ukraine, Ukraine's grain exports are extremely dependent on shipping. Before the outbreak of the conflict, nearly 90%of the grain was exported through the Black Sea. At present, only 20 million tons of grain in the port of Odessa region has accumulated nearly 20 million tons of grain. The problem is expected to be resolved after the agreement landing, which effectively alleviates the shortage of food in some countries in Africa. Harker, deputy spokesperson for the Secretary -General of the United Nations, said that "the agreement will enable Russia and Ukraine's food and fertilizer products to enter the world market. This is not only the agreement between the two countries, but also an agreement to benefit the world."

The New York Times said on the 22nd that the implementation of the agreement is facing great difficulties. Prior to this, Russia and Ukraine accused each other of accusing each other for being blocked for food exports. Russia has accused Ukraine the deployment of a large amount of mines at the Black Sea Port, while Ukraine claims that Russia has blocked the port. The report quoted the unnamed sources as saying that Getres was guaranteed from the Ukrainian government that they would demolish a few mines that hindered grain ships in the black sea waters. Another important issue executed by the agreement was that Russia was worried that these vessels would be transported by Ukraine when they returned. To solve this concern, Turkish officials will perform the task of inspection ships with the support of the United Nations. The United States disruption needs to be guarded

The US State Department spokesman Pois said on the 21st that Washington welcomes the "principle agreement" that allows Ukraine's food safe transportation, but the focus is on "let Russia's responsibility for executing the agreement and the transportation of Ukraine food to the world." Agence France -Presse said that European officials expressed optimism about the Russian and Urpill, but expressed concern about the implementation. Officials said that Russia "is unlikely to execute the agreement without any problems."

"Theoretically, this transaction has many benefits to each party." BBC analysis said that for Ukraine, this is the first opportunity to export products from Heihai Port for the past five months. For Russia, these arrangements are designed to alleviate their own export difficulties and eliminate the outside world's criticism of "using grain as weapons." For the United Nations, this is an opportunity to solve global hunger. "But there are many places that may be wrong." The article said that Ukraine was worried that Russia might use the security channels in the waters near Adessa for future military operations. For shipping companies, this corridor is full of risks. "An explosion at sea may destroy the entire agreement."

The Russian "News" quoted Turkish political scientist Gusaltan on the 22nd that the agreement was an important step towards peace in the region. The food agreement will prevent provocation from external countries such as the United States. Turkish politician Mlhaas said that for Russia, it is important to prevent the United States and the United Kingdom from interfere and send their warships to the Black Sea because this may lead to another crisis.

● This newspaper is a special reporter in Turkey Shen Jun ● This newspaper special reporter Liu Yupeng

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