Healthy China Bayuxing • Good Medicine Daily Science 193 ｜ Take you to know the worst heat stroke -fever fire disease

Recently, my country has continued to occur in large -scale high temperature weather. Many people have diagnosed thermal radiation diseases across the country, and some patients have even coma and even die. So, what is the disease? How to treat thermal radiation? In this issue, Hao Yin Daily Science invites the deputy director of the Chongqing First Aid Medical Center (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University) Emergency Department, Ai Shanmu, to answer your answers.

Expert Introduction

Aishan Mu, Chief Physician, Emergency Department of Chongqing First Aid Medical Center (Affiliated Center Hospital of Chongqing University), deputy director (hosting work), the first batch of troops in Hubei, deputy director of the 1st department of severe medicine in Wuhan Huoshan Hospital, Chongqing Health Science Popularization Members of emergency expert library.

The heat waves are rolling! Be wary of "killer" in summer -fever fire disease

What is fever? "Popularly speaking, the most serious situation of heat stroke is thermal ejection disease." Ai Shanmu introduced that thermal radiation disease is a thermal damage, which is due to the exposure of the heat environment and the imbalance of heat dissipation caused by the heat environment and (or). It is characterized by core temperature increases> 40 ° C and central nervous system abnormalities (such as: mental state changes, convulsions, or coma, etc.), and is accompanied by clinical syndrome of life -threatening life with multiple organ functional damage. From early heat stroke to thermal radiation stage is a continuous process gradually aggravated.

Thermal radiation disease is divided into class typical thermal radiation and laborer fever. Classic thermal irritation is mainly caused by passive exposure to the heat environment. It is common in old and weak people, children, patients with chronic basic diseases and pregnant women. Labor -type fever is mainly caused by high -intensity physical activity, and may not even have no high temperature and humidity environment. Therefore, it is commonly found to be strenuous in summer or workers, such as soldiers, firefighters, construction workers and athletes. No accidents occur under the same circumstances.

Thermal radiation disease is very dangerous.

It is worth mentioning that thermal radiation disease is very dangerous, and its mortality rate is as high as 50 % in time. Patients over 50 years old are even 70 %. Because patients with laborer fever are often young and have good constitution, the mortality rate can be <5%in the context of recognition and treatment in a timely manner. The typical thermal radiation disease has a higher mortality rate, which may be related to factors such as the elderly and the relatively poor basic situation.

According to statistics, in high -intensity exercise, the main cause of sudden death is that thermal irritation rather than cardiovascular accidents, and death caused by heat irritation may exceed the sum of death caused by all natural disasters. Aishan Mu said that the early diagnosis and treatment of thermal irritation is of great significance. Picnic heat stroke, including heat, is one of the important emergencies in front of summer hospitals.

How to treat thermal radiation? Residents to do these steps well

How to treat thermal radiation? Aishan Mu said that rapid and effective cooling and organ functional support are still the key to the treatment of therapy at present. Quickly reverse high fever is the cornerstone of thermal treatment. In view of the characteristics of fever and rapid progress, the principle of "side cooling and transfers" is recommended in early disposal of the scene. When there is a conflict between cooling and transshipment, the principle of "cooling the first and transshipment second" should be followed. Due to the restrictions on the site, it is recommended to implement the following key treatment steps before the ambulance comes::

(1) Immediately separate from the hot environment

It should be quickly separated from the high temperature and high humidity environment and transferred to the cooling place of ventilation to remove the whole body of the patient as soon as possible to help heat dissipation. Patients can be transferred to rooms with air conditioners (room temperature to 16-20 ° C).

(2) Quickly measure body temperature

When conditions permit, quickly measure the core temperature (such as the temperature of the rectum) instead of the temperature of the meter. If you have no conditions, you can measure the surface temperature (armpit temperature or ear temperature) as a reference. Affected by various factors, the body surface temperature is not a necessary condition for the diagnosis of thermal radiation, and it should be disposed of as soon as possible when it is planned.

(3) Actively and effective cooling

Because the mortality of the disease is closely related to the excessive body temperature and the duration of duration, fast, effective, and continuous cooling is the primary treatment measure. If the initial cooling delay is delayed for 30 minutes, even if the temperature reaches the target later, the damage to the body will not stop. The cooling method should be adapt to local conditions, flexible selection, and joint cooling, including but not limited to: air conditioning, fan, spray/wipe water or alcohol, ice -apply large blood vessels (such as: neck, armpit, groin, nest), drink cold drinks, cold water, cold water, cold water, cold water, cold water Soaking and so on. Avoid chilling during the cooling process.

Health reminder: Pay attention to heatstroke prevention and cooling in summer

Aishan Mu specially reminds that July and August of each year are the season of high fever irritation, and it must do a good job of heatstroke prevention. Try to avoid going out at the highest temperature period at noon, wear a hat when you go out, prepare a parasol, and drink a little more saline. Once the frail person is uncomfortable, you need to immediately break away from the high temperature and high humidity environment. Do not stick to it blindly, rest in the cool and ventilated place, drink more water, etc. Once sweating, consciousness, unclear consciousness, high heat (hot skin), etc., you need to try your best to cool down and call 120 to the hospital in time.

(Edit/Zhou Lingling Correspondent/Xiang Jiangyun Tu/Vision China)

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