Yuan Story │ The person who was "selected" by SARS

The new crown epidemic has not ended, and the monkey acne, which was discovered more than 60 years ago, suddenly caused a new shock globally. The first leader of the Shenzhen Epidemic Prevention and Control Public Health Expert Group and the dean of the Shenzhen Third People's Hospital Lu Hongzhou's "Didi" voice on mobile phones to ask him to ask him to talk about the invitation to interviews of monkey acne. The hospital first grabbed this hotspot, so that Lu Hongzhou recorded a "Monkey acne will appear in the world like a new crown?" "Popular science video. Lu Hongzhou's conclusion is: Unlikely!

The main meaning of this answer is "impossible", but it is not completely dead. For 30 years in the field of infection, Lu Hongzhou has the style of scholars, as well as managers. Only when talking about the epidemic prevention and control, Lu Hongzhou's emotions rose.

Helpless

Lu Hongzhou's most unforgettable memory of 2020 is the departure of a new crown pneumonia. "That night, I have been with three o'clock in the morning. What we should do, so active work, so many doctors and nurses are surrounded by him, he is still away." This is the saddest. "After that, I went through." For the 39 -day rescue, the patient used the most advanced artificial liver and artificial lungs, and all Shanghai experts were calling. That night, Lu Hongzhou cried.

"Doctors may be people who do not want to see the patient's death except the patient himself in this world." This sentence has been said by many doctors. Only when they really approach the doctor, can they know the sincerity of their words. The death brought by infectious diseases became even more weak in the doctor -patients who died in front of him were only selected by destiny.

Liu Lei, Secretary of the Party Committee of the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen, has also told similar experiences. One night in February 2020, after exhausting everything, Shenzhen's "Zero" new crown patient, a 66 -year -old man who returned from Wuhan to relatives, left the world. "It feels weak."

The number released by the WHO shows that as of July 8, 2022, a total of 550 million people confirmed a new crown, of which 6.345 million were killed. Behind these data, there are countless helpless letting go, crying countless times in the middle of the night.

▲ Lu Hongzhou went out of the clinic.

Thrilling

"In January 2020, unforgettable for life." In an interview with the media, Lu Hongzhou described his mood and situation at the time.

Lu Hongzhou had a photo with Zhang Dingyu and others at the entrance of Jin Yintan Hospital, Wuhan Jinyantan Hospital on December 17, 2019. This photo was taken before the infectious disease prevention training for medical staff in Wuhan Jinshan Tan Hospital. At that time, they did not expect that "unknown cause of pneumonia" would be such a difficult opponent.

Among the historical long river, the hard -to -entangle enemies have never been absent. They always give human beings in the unexpected time and place that are unexpected.

From 1347-1351, a strange disease swept the European continent. The infected person first had dark spots on the skin, and then tumors with pain, bleeding, and pus occurred. Some people will have a high fever, and some people will be mentally confusing. Most of their infections who have symptoms will not live 48 hours in the end. The plague called "Black Death" killed 25 million Europeans and lost one -third of Europe.

In 1918, in the winter where the World War I was still stuck, strange colds occurred in the US army. Later, the strange cold with a high mortality rate was named "1918 influenza". Scientists estimate that the number of deaths caused by this large flu will exceed 50 million, and about 1 billion people around the world are infected -and the total population of the world was 1.7 billion at the time. The widespread popularity of the "1918 Big Influenza" eventually changed the situation of the war and ended the First World War in advance. In 1919, after the rapid infection of more than half of the world ’s population, the flu had retreated. At the time of retreat, Mala Jo is only the world's only human gathering place in the world. The United States, which has experienced a large flu, fell from 51 years in 1917 to 39 years in 1919. Most of the died in this big flu is young adults.

In January 2020, the new crown pneumonia's blocking war started in amazing.

But this time, Lu Hongzhou was uneasy when SARS received the WHO when SARS took place.

▲ In 2003, Lu Hongzhou (second from right) received WHO staff.

Uneasy

In February 2003, Lu Hongzhou, who had just returned to the Department of Infectious Disease Hospital, Shanghai Huashan Infectious Disease Hospital, had just encountered his first large -scale infectious disease (SARS), who had just returned to the Department of Infectious Disease Hospital of Huashan Infectious Disease Hospital.

After SARS discovered in Guangdong, Lu Hongzhou posted several articles in journals and professional magazines based on his research and observation. These articles have attracted the attention of the director of the Shanghai Health Bureau (the predecessor of the Shanghai Health Commission). In addition, Lu Hongzhou's English is good. Liu Jun, director of the Health Bureau, borrowed him to the Health Bureau and was responsible for the reception of WHO. Lu Hongzhou, who had repeatedly took the "roller coaster" in this reception work, realized that large -scale infectious infectious diseases were never just as simple as a infectious disease.

The WHO staff came to China for an important task -which cities that determine which China needs to be designated as the SARS epidemic area. Once the city is classified as an epidemic area, the city's foreign trade, international routes, and routes will be affected.

At that time, two cases appeared in Shanghai. The first case was a Ms. Li who returned from Hong Kong to Shanghai, and the second was a father who accompanied her to check and treat. However, WHO predicates more than two cases in Shanghai. The Shanghai Municipal Government attaches great importance to the arrival of the WHO experts. Lu Hongzhou was committed to the heavy responsibility. The main task was to fully cooperate with the investigation of the WHO staff to strive for their understanding and trust.

"We must do everything possible to keep Shanghai and not be classified as an epidemic area. If it is not classified as an epidemic area, one of them is an important condition that there is no second -generation communication in Shanghai. There is no effect. "Lu Hongzhou explained that for input infectious diseases, the so -called first -generation case refers to input cases; second -generation communication refers to the infection of the first generation of cases. According to the situation in Shanghai at that time, the first case belongs to the first generation, and the second case belongs to the second -generation case, but the second patient has been diagnosed for more than 21 days. In these 21 days, there is no third case in Shanghai. Controlled and should not be classified as an epidemic area.

"At that time, the person in charge of the WHO came to Shanghai, and every time he arrived carefully." Speaking of this sealing past, Lu Hongzhou seemed calm.

In the end, the WHO's standard fine -tuning of the original non -epidemic zone's "no second generation dissemination" was "the second generation of communication occurred, but the second generation of transmission was limited to the family members of the patient or the relevant medical staff."

Nearly 20 years later, Lu Hongzhou, who had dealt with various infectious diseases, became more and more deeply realized that infectious diseases were never just infectious diseases. "There is no disease in the world that is as great as infectious diseases. It can change the trend of war, weaken the economy of a country, defeat a country, and extinct a race." Lu Hongzhou emphasized that "infectious diseases are also politics to a certain extent. There is always this power. "

Face the truth

After the SARS epidemic, at the end of 2004, Lu Hongzhou was appointed as the deputy director and director of the infection department of the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, and 8 years later served as the secretary of the Party Committee of the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center.

For so many years, he has been dealing with tuberculosis, hepatitis, AIDS, parasites, (poultry) influenza, bleeding fever, yellow fever, Zika virus disease and other infectious diseases. "Have you ever thought about why some infectious diseases have been vaccinated for so many years?" Lu Hongzhou asked in the interview.

Ebola, which raised Africa, discovered in 1976 that to this day, the vaccine against Ebola is still very scarce. Lu Hongzhou said that the mortality of Ebola's early disease was very high, which could reach 50%-60%, but because the main areas that were popular at that time were the vast rural areas of Africa at that time, it did not attract attention. It was not until 2014 that Ebola became popular in large cities such as Congo and South Africa, and it really attracted the attention of the international community.

"Why are there so little for Ebola's vaccine and special effects medicine? Because whether it is drugs or vaccines, R & D requires a lot of capital investment. Africa has no purchasing power." Lu Hongzhou's key to the problem.

Monkey acne is another example of "lack of purchasing power". Monkey acne was first discovered in 1958. In the next decades, there were reports of monkey acne cases. However, due to the small scope of infection, not infectious, the number of infection was limited, and it did not have the economic value of vaccine development or drug development. The reason why monkey acne is "slaughtered version" this year is to some extent that after three years of new crown pneumonia, everyone has "stress".

▲ Lu Hongzhou in Africa.

Calmly

New crown, Ebola, monkey acne, have more infectious diseases?

In a training class, Lu Hongzhou showed a PPT. This PPT named "New Send Re -infectious Diseases in the World" has sorted out the types of new discovery or re -infectious diseases in the world in the past 60 years. PPT showed that from 1960-1989, there were only four new and re-infectious diseases in the world, including the first discovered Ebola and AIDS. In the 21st century, the table has become dense. Since 2005, new infectious diseases have been discovered every year or two, including H1N1, Zika, and so on.

Lu Hongzhou said that to this day, human understanding of pathogenic microorganisms still knows very little. There are 5500 kinds of mammals on the earth, and there are 320,000 viruses on the mammalian. Humans know only a few thousand.

Globalization has accelerated the spread of pathogens and the breadth of transmission. In the past, it took several years to travel around the world. Before the epidemic of new crown pneumonia, a person was in Africa in the morning, and at night, he could go to the Americas, Asia, and any country. If this person is infected with a disease in Africa, he is still incubation. Without symptoms, he can get on the plane. After getting off the plane, he became ill and was contagious. Infectious diseases were the distance of the aircraft cabin door. Then there will be new infectious diseases in these countries and regions of his destination. "Infectious diseases may not become much. However, due to the increase in communication and the convenience of traffic, the infectious diseases that were originally hidden in a ravine in Africa may also be taken to the world because of visitors." Lu Hongzhou said, "The more infectious diseases, the more The more frequent attacking humans is an inevitable trend of globalization. "

Infectious diseases attack humans more frequently, and human beings are increasing. You know, "Black Death" has been undulating in Europe for more than three centuries. Until it disappears, Europeans have not been able to prove this kind of "cursed" disease in essence. Blooding and killing witch are one of the few "treatment" methods that people have thought about after thinking. "The earliest report on AIDS appeared in 1981, but it was not clear that AIDS was caused by AIDS virus on March 24, 1983. When it was SARS, it took 4 months to 5 months from discovery to determination. In the year, the scientific research team of the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center only used three weeks to confirm the world's first H7N9 bird flu virus. "Lu Hongzhou said that this is the power of science. "With the advancement of science and technology, the continuous development of basic research, our understanding of the pathogen, our identification time difference with the pathogen will gradually shorten, and the appraisal ability will gradually improve."

Expectantly

On May 5, 2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that they and Germany jointly established the "World Health Organization and Popular Disease News Center". The goal of this center is to become a "early early warning and monitoring system", which helps the international community to discover early clues before the epidemic occurs. "Data related to animals can provide early signals, and risk warnings are issued before the epidemic," said by then German Chancellor Merkel.

The "Sustainable Development Finance Report in 2021" shows that due to the popularity of the new crown pneumonia, the global economy has experienced the worst recession since 90 years. It is estimated that the global "evaporation" of 1140 million jobs, about 120 million people have fallen into extreme poverty.

"Compared with the losses caused by the new crown pneumonia, the total cost of the global virus group research is insignificant." Jona Mazet, the global head of the Predict project, told the Los Angeles Times. The Predict project was funded by the U.S. government. It started after H5N1 avian influenza in 2005 and started operation in 2009. The project is committed to finding "high -risk viruses for people and animals" from more than 10,000 bats and more than 2,000 other mammals. In September 2019, on the occasion of 10 years of operation, the project could not continue to work in the wild due to the exhaustion of funds. Dozens of scientists and researchers were dismissed. As of the time, the project found about 1,200 viruses that can spread from wild animals to human beings.

It is unknown how much role of the World Health Organization's Popularity and Popularity Conditioning Center will play at that time. At present, everyone is most concerned about "when will the epidemic of new crown pneumonia end?"

Lu Hongzhou believes that the world's life before the epidemic still depends on long -acting, multi -price general nucleic acid or polypeptide vaccines. "At present, there are more than 300 vaccines in research in the world. General or polymerized nucleic acid and polypeptide vaccines are the mainstream. The current research direction is mainly to overcome the side effects of existing nucleic acid vaccines and produce longer -acting cellular immunity." At that time, plus, plus The timely and convenient home nucleic acid detection self -test agent and special effects small molecule antiviral drugs are taken orally, and life is expected to return to normal.

Like everyone, Lu Hongzhou looked forward to the early day.

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Reporter: Rodin Fan Yehua

Drawing: Gouter

Edit: Li Huifang

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