About 8 problems encountered by cholera

In the context of the new crown epidemic, unknown hepatitis and monkey acne appeared, which shook the sensitive nerves of the public. On the evening of the 10th, the "suspected cholera cases in Wuhan University suspected of cholera" made many people feel fear again.

At present, cholera and plague are the only two types of A infectious diseases that have been identified in my country, and the new crown is only Class B.

What sounds the cholera that sounds scary? Will it cause large -scale communication?

1 cholera case appeared in Wuhan University

At 21:30 on July 9th, Wuhan University was notified of Wuhan University to find a suspected cholera infection case.

According to feedback from the disease control department, the new crown virus nucleic acid testing is negative, and the Hubei Provincial Disease Control Center and the Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have reviewed the original. The serotics condensation test is O139 positive, diagnosed with cholera, and toxic power gene negative (cholera arc (cholera arc The pathogenic force of the bacteria is weak). It is currently effective diagnosis and treatment. The condition of the student is stable and the symptoms have disappeared.

As of 19:36 on July 10th, a fast inspection was conducted through 264 key groups and 259 points. No new cases were found in O1 and O139 group cholera.

On July 11, Wuhan Wuchang District issued a notification on the disposal of a cholera case in Wuhan University.

8 questions about cholera you care about

Choispy, an ancient and popular intense infectious disease. It has a history of more than 200 years and is still invading humans.

Maybe you live in the 21st century and know very little about cholera. But in human history, it has left an indelible marks. Since 1817, seven worldwide cholera has occurred, leading to tens of millions of deaths.

The total number of deaths worldwide is popular in cholera

The following 8 questions, let you quickly understand the cholera:

01

What is the disease of cholera?

Choib is a kind of acute intestinal infectious disease caused by cholera.

It is one of the only two (the other is an plague) one of the legal Class A infectious diseases, and it is also one of the quarantine infectious diseases stipulated in the "National Health and Quarantine Law". The typical feature of Class A infectious disease is: urgency, severe condition, fast infection, and wide spread.

According to experts from the World Health Organization, there will be about 1.3 million to 4 million cholera every year, resulting in 21,000 to 143,000 people die.

02

Will cholera spread on a large scale?

The 10 -year big data on the official website of the National Health Commission tells you: Don't panic!

The choice was introduced to our country in 1820. During the seventh popular period, there were three peaks of outbreaks. The annual reports of reports of more than 10,000 cases, but after entering the 21st century, the cholera showed continuous and relatively stable low levels in my country. After 2006, the incidence rate was less than one tenth.

There were 28 cases of choice in 2018, 16 cases in 2019, 11 cases in 2020, and 5 cases in 2021, and there were no death cases for many years.

03

How long is the incubation and infection period of cholera?

The choice is very short. Generally, related symptoms will occur within 12 hours to 5 days after intake of contaminated food or drinking water, usually 2 to 3 days.

Positive period is contagious, usually a few days after recovery. Occasionally, the infectious period of the carrier lasted for several months. Antibacterial drugs effective for cholera can shorten the infectious period.

04

The main symptoms of cholera

The most typical feature: no pain -like diarrhea, even if you don't eat, you will continue to be diarrhea.

You must seek medical treatment as soon as possible to treat the symptoms, antibacterial, and diarrhea. If not treated in time, it can quickly cause severe dehydration and death.

In addition, it will appear: fatigue, nausea and vomiting, hypotension, relaxation of the skin, dry mouth, dry mouth, acceleration of heartbeat, decreased weight, etc.

05

Choi's way of spreading

Propaganda through food, water, flies medium and life contact.

Food -based communication: the epidemic caused by edible fungi food, among which dinner is the main manifestation of food -based outbreaks.

Water source communication: It is mostly related to the improper management of drinking water, such as unqualified treatment of tap water in a certain place, pollution due to bursting, and the disappointment of the well cover due to explosion.

Poiler transmission: After the excrement of the carrier or the patient is contacted by the flies, the flies may bring the bacteria to the exposed food or human skin. The relevant personnel will be infected once they consume contaminated foods or do not pay attention to personal hygiene.

Propaganda caused by life contact: After contacting patients who do not pay attention to personal hygiene or bacteria, they did not perform dining, touching mouth noses, excretion and other activities infected by timely cleaning and disinfection.

06

Hoothy high incidence season and crowd

In our country, the peak of cholera is from June to September. Popular areas are mainly coastal areas, such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other provinces.

"Preventure cholera" promotional paintings posted on the streets of Shanghai

There is no family aggregation in cholera, mainly adults, and more men are more than women. People living in regions of poor health conditions and medical conditions are high incidence of cholera diseases.

07

Why do anal swab detection?

The choice is mainly spread through the dung channel. It will not spread through the air, nor can it be spread directly through the skin.

However, if the skin is contaminated to the cholera, not to pay attention to hygiene, and do not wash his hands frequently. The food that is touched will be contaminated by the Joory Konda. It may occur or even cause the disease to spread in the mouth.

The anal swab detection is the fastest and most intuitive detection method. There are many ways to detect cholera, but because the waiting time is too long, too much restrictions, in order to avoid the large -scale infection that is positive as soon as possible, the immune method is used to detect the feces of the stool. One does not need to limit the diet type. The native saline is performed by the psychological salt water and the tube is inserted from the anus into the rectal 3 ~ 5cm.

08

How to prevent and treat cholera?

Although there is no special medicine for cholera treatment, as long as you seek medical treatment in time, there is no life danger, you don't have to worry too much.

Prevention: To stay away from cholera, you must ensure the cleaning of water sources and food. Wash your hands before meals, do not drink raw water, peel the food or cook before eating.

In the event of a heavy rain and flood, all the foods that are in contact with the flood should be discarded. Disinfection should be disinfected before using the tableware to cook in boiling water for 5 minutes.

Treatment: The symptoms of severe diarrhea occur in the hospital infected or digestive in the hospital in time, and do the test of cholera. It is convenient for doctors to identify diagnosis.

Patients with mild and moderate dehydration can be improved with oral replenishment treatment; severe dehydration patients need to be quickly replenished by intravenous injection, which can supplement antibiotics and shorten the symptoms duration.

In 1992, cholera patients were receiving oral replenishment treatment

How to prevent intestinal infectious diseases in summer

Entering summer, germs are prone to breeding and breeding, and intestinal infectious diseases begin to cause high incidence. Huang Xun reminded that in addition to cholera, the public should pay attention to prevent infectious diseases such as bacterial dysentery, amoeba dysentery, Liste bacteria infection, and hepatitis A.

Wuhan University Hospital issued a "Warm Tips on Strengthening the Prevention of Summer Infement infectious Diseases", which is worthy of your reference:

1. Wash your hands with flowing water and soap / sanitizer before meal, after meals, and processing food.

2. Drink boiling water, do not drink raw water, do not use unclean mouthwash, brushing, catering utensils, fruits, washing vegetables and other foods.

3. Do not eat raw foods, cook and cook before eating. Try to eat foods that are prone to pathogenic bacteria, such as snails, shells, crabs and other seafood products; eat leftovers to store them in the refrigerator. Do not eat foods that are not stored or stored in the refrigerator. Be sure to heated thoroughly. Do not eat if you have no conditions for storage or heating.

4. Wash the fruits and vegetables raw, soak it with water first, and then rinse it with flowing water multiple times. Some vegetables with leaves and roots should pay special attention to the cleaning of the roots.

5. Try not to eat at restaurants with poor sanitary conditions or poor sanitary conditions, eat less cold vegetables and meat barbecue foods outside the meals.

6. Try to minimize contact with patients with diarrhea, especially do not share tableware.

In addition to preventing "bacteria from hand and illness from the mouth", the following details should be paid attention to:

Ensure the dietary structure balance

Three meals a day should be paired with thickness, and often eat potatoes, taro, fresh fruits and vegetables, etc., such as dietary fiber.

The dietary fiber of fruits and vegetables has strong water absorption, which can increase the volume of feces, which is conducive to forming stool and preventing constipation.

Foods such as onions, beans, garlic, carrots and other foods are rich in probe, which can supplement the intestinal probiotics to supplement nutrients, which is conducive to intestinal microorganisms.

After getting up, drink a glass of warm water and ensure that drinking water at no less than 1.5 liters per day, and developing a regular bowel habit, which helps prevent constipation.

If you have suffered from constipation, you need to treat the symptomatic treatment of the doctor, and the use of leakage by yourself can easily cause the intestinal function to weaken.

Keep your mood happy

A good intestinal microbial environment and pleasant mood can promote each other and be beneficial to physical health.

Exercise regularly

Exercise can not only promote the secretion of "happy hormones", but also promote intestinal motility, accelerate defecation, and prevent intestinal aging.

special reminder

If you suddenly feel stomachache, nausea to vomit, or symptoms such as fever, loss of appetite after meals, you should go to the hospital in time, and it is likely to be acute gastrointestinal infections.

Such patients should pay attention to keep warm and rest in bed; those with symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea may be dehydrated. They should pay attention to replenishing body fluids, and they can take fluid foods such as fresh fruit juice, pink powder, rice soup, egg soup.

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