Regarding the hazards and prevention of pertussis, what you need to know

There is a kind of cough, which not only makes people hissing and breathless, but this torture may stretch for months -it is a pertussis. As one of the legal types of infectious diseases of Category B, Palental Cough is very contagious. It was also one of the important reasons for the death of infant and young children around the world. It threatened the health of infants and young children. So what is a pertussis? What are the hazards and prevention of pertussis?

Recently, the vaccine of the Immunization Planning Center of the China Disease Prevention and Control Center can prevent Zheng Hui, deputy director of the bacterial ward, Deng Jizheng, director of the Department of Infectious Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital, and Liu Zhaqiu, Director of the Prevention and Health Department of Tsinghua University First Affiliated Hospital. Prevention measures to help the baby stay away from the infection of the cough.

What is a pertussis?

Deng Jizheng said that the pertussis is a kind of acute respiratory infectious disease caused by Bacillus Bacteria Bacteria, which is mainly ciliated cells infected with the respiratory tract after droplets. The pertussis is very contagious, and the R0 value is as high as 12 ~ 17, that is, the average infection cases per 1 case of infection will be infected by 12 ~ 17 people (no intervention). The pertussis has now risen to the third largest infectious disease in my country's vaccine ( It is second only to hepatitis B and tuberculosis).

After the infection of Bacteria Bacteria, the latent period 9-10 days (6-20 days). The patient first had symptoms such as cough and other cough. Within 1-2 weeks, paroxysmal spasm cough occurred, and a typical "chicken" suction "suction" suction Qi roar. In typical cases, cough at night is particularly serious and often accompanied by vomiting. Babies under March are prone to symptoms such as hair, shortness of breath, and suffocation. Therefore, when the little baby has unknown respiratory respiratory, shortage of oxygen manifestations, poor eaten, vomiting symptoms, especially family members already have a cough, they must be vigilant. Some family members have the symptoms of cough and inform the doctor.

What harm does infected after a pertussis?

Deng Jizheng said that after adults or older children infected with pertussis, their clinical symptoms are relatively mild, mainly manifested as chronic cough and uncomfortable pharynx, but younger children, especially small men ’s infants and young children, are prone to occur easily. Severe, merging multiple complications. For example, more than 60%of infants and young children under the age of March are more than 60%of the pneumonia, and some may be combined with pertussis encephalopathy, accompanied by convulsions and even the performance of pulmonary hypertension. In severe cases, it can even lead to death. It can be seen that the younger the age, the greater the risk of complications after the infection.

What are the characteristics and dissemination characteristics that Chinese tensions are concerned about?

Zheng Hui said that the pertussis, as a strong infectious disease, has always attracted much attention from China and even the world. According to statistics, in 2014, about 24 million children were infected with pertussis in 2014, causing about 160,000 children to die. Studies of global children's disease burdens (under 10 years of age) in 2019 show that pertussis has become the ninth largest disease burden.

As a vaccine, a pertussis can prevent diseases, and its incidence has decreased significantly after the global large -scale vaccination. However, in recent years, in countries with high vaccine coverage, pertussis has continued to be low in the influence of pertussis for a long time.

From the perspective of monitoring data analysis, the cause of pertight cough in my country is mainly children, especially children under one year old, accounting for about 60%-70%of all cases. About 70%. It can be seen that the onset of children in my country is still a prominent phenomenon. On the other hand, with the widespread application of pertussis vaccines, the patients with pertussis have a trend of transfers from young children or adolescents, adults, and adults from age. However, because the symptoms of adults and adolescents are not typical or mild, they have not attracted attention, causing adults and adolescents to be undervalued by pertussis.

Deng Jizheng said that from the perspective of clinical data, Chinese pregnant women and newborns are generally lacking pertussis antibodies, especially some newborns can basically not test pertussis antibodies. In addition, with the increase of age, the level of pertussis antibody in adolescents and adults has continued to decay, making the risk of pertussis infection continuously increased. After the infection is not typical or light, it is easily ignored, but it is still strong infectious. This has also made more and more adolescents and adults become the main source of infection of pertussis infected by infants and young children. At this time, we said that its communication model changed from the spread between children and children to the spread of adolescents or adults to children.

Vaccine vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent pertussis

Zheng Hui said that pertussis can prevent diseases as vaccines. We now have powerful weapons-vaccine: vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent pertussis. According to the advice of the World Health Organization: The pertussis vaccine should be vaccinated as soon as possible, the first needle should start in vaccination at 6 weeks, and should not be late at the late February. At present, 90%of the world's countries have adopted immune strategies that do not exceed two months old.

The first needle in the current immunization strategy in my country is to take over in March at the age of March. At the same time, my country is also actively exploring the feasibility of taking the first need to take the first need to take the pertussis vaccine to the age of February on the basis of the current immunization strategy.

Liu Zhaoqiu said that due to the harm of pertussis to small men ’s infants and young children, we need to vaccinate the pertussis vaccine as soon as possible. It is necessary to choose a combined vaccine that can be vaccinated at the age of the age of age on the basis of fully notification. The importance of vaccination of pertussis vaccine as soon as possible

Zheng Hui said that from the data data, it can be seen that the incidence rate of children who have not vaccinated the vaccine have increased significantly. After completing the first needle vaccination, its effective performance reaches 45%, and only 3 needle vaccines can increase the protection effectiveness to about 98%. Therefore, it is recommended that all children of the age of age complete the vaccination as soon as possible within the scope of the procedure regulations. At the same time, if the epidemic prevention and control or physical condition cannot be vaccinated in time, after the epidemic is relieved, the child's health permit should be reserved as soon as possible to complete the relevant vaccine supplement. Second, there is no need to restart the whole process.

Deng Jixuan added that from a clinical point of view, infants and young children, as high incidence groups. Once the disease occurs, the disease burden is very serious, which will cause a series of complications. It is recommended that infants and young children in vaccination as soon as possible. If the baby cannot be vaccinated in time due to physical reasons, it is recommended to complete the relevant vaccine supplement after the baby's condition is stable. Among them, infants and young children who may involve some special health states. Such children dare not take vaccines in the past. Specialties, the risk of infection is higher, but requires more vaccine protection. The new 2021 version of the National Health and Health Commission's 2021 "National Immunization Procedure of Immunization Planning Vaccine" pointed out that premature babies, children with infectious diseases, etc., if the condition is stable, the disease is in the relief period, no biological preparations are used, etc., you can consider vaccination. But at the same time, it is necessary to analyze the specific situation and obey the guidance of medical staff.

As early as possible, a pertussis vaccine can help infants and young children to establish an immune barrier earlier and stay away from the risk of pertussis infection.

(Source: People's Daily Health)

[Edit: Yu Lina]

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