Le Health | Two of every 5 deaths died of cardiovascular disease.

Author:Workers Daily Time:2022.06.23

On June 23, the National Cardiovascular Center released the "China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report 2021" in Beijing. The report shows that the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease (CVD) still top the list. In 2019, 46.74%and 44.26%of the causes of cardiovascular disease in rural areas and urban areas, respectively, died of cardiovascular disease every 5 deaths. The number of cardiovascular diseases is 330 million people, of which 13 million strokes, 11.39 million coronary heart disease, 8.9 million heart failure, 5 million lung heart disease, 4.87 million atrial fibrillation, rheumatoid heart disease 2.5 million, congenital heart disease 2 million, 45.3 million lower limb arterial diseases, and 245 million hypertension, cardiovascular disease prevention and control situation is still strict, and the inflection point has not yet arrived.

my country is facing the dual pressure of continuous population aging and metabolic risk factors. China has a number of people with hypertension, abnormal blood lipids, and diabetes. In most cases, the level of blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar levels occurs. At the time of detection, vascular lesions have been caused, and even severe occurrence of myocardial infarction and strokes have occurred.

The "Report" emphasizes five major heart blood vessel health factors: use of tobacco, reasonable diet, physical activity, healthy weight, and health psychology.

The risk of smokers died of cardiovascular disease, the sooner the smoking quit, the better

In 2017, the number of deaths caused by Chinese smoking was 2.6 million, accounting for nearly one -third of the number of deaths (8.3 million) for the use of tobacco. In 2018, the exposure of second -hand smoke was 68.1%, of which the proportion of second -hand smoke was exposed to 35.5%almost every day.

The results of the average of more than 500,000 adults in China ’s preview research on chronic diseases showing that compared with those who do not smoke, the risk ratio of urban male smokers dying from CVD is 1.63, and rural male smokers are 1.24. The risk of female smokers is higher than that of men.

Increased pork intake, carbohydrate intake decreases significantly

From 1982 to 2012 China National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) and 1989 ~ 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) show that the intake of Chinese residents' grains and vegetables has decreased, animal food intake increases, and pork is based on pork. host. The intake of eggs, fish and dairy products is still very low. Edible oils have increased significantly, and family cooking salt decreases, but the consumption of edible oil and cooking salt is much higher than the recommended amount.

The total energy intake of Chinese residents shows a downward trend. The protein intake has remained stable, the supply ratio of carbohydrate compounds has decreased significantly, the fat supply ratio is on the rise, and the upper limit of the dietary guidelines is exceeded (scope of dietary guidelines: 2 0 % ~ 30 %), rural areas in rural areas The fat supply ratio exceeds 30%of the recommended upper limit for the first time; the risk of insufficient vitamins and mineral intake still exists.

The traditional diet model is changing to the Western diet model

A study analyzed the data of 29238 adult data from 1991 ~ 2015, showing that my country is undergoing the transformation of the traditional diet model to the Western diet model: the score of the southern diet model (high intake rice, vegetables and pork) in China decreased, and modern times Dietary mode (high fruits, dairy products, cakes, biscuits and cakes) and meat diet (high intake internal organs, poultry and other livestock meat) scores increase.

Dietary factors related to stroke: Excessive sodium intake, insufficient fruit intake, insufficient grain intake

Global disease burden 2017 shows that in 2017, low dietary fiber intake caused 170,143 people in China to die due to ischemic heart disease. Among the top 5 risk factors related to stroke, dietary factors account for 3: excessive sodium intake, insufficient fruit intake, and insufficient grain intake.

After the average follow -up of 46,1047 residents aged 30 to 79, it was found that unhealthy diet (in the past year cannot consume vegetables, fruits, eggs, and daily or weekly in the past year) to increase the ischemic brain Stroke risk (HR = 1.23); excessive drinking (daily alcohol intake ≥ 30 g or quitting of alcohol in the past year) increases the risk of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.

People aged 20 to 39 often participate in the minimum exercise rate, the highest in people aged 60 to 69

In 2014, national physical fitness monitoring showed that Chinese residents often participated in the exercise rate of 33.9%. Except for people over the age of 70, people aged 20 to 39 often participate in the minimum exercise, the highest people 60 to 69 years old.

According to the World Health Organization's 2016 168 countries' physical activity data from 168 countries in the world from 2001 to 2016, the analysis of people 40 ~ 74 years old showed that the goal of achieving physical activity should prevent 18.3%of the premature death of my country, which is equivalent to each year. Avoid premature deaths from 10.65 million to 74 years old.

One of each of the three people across the country with abdominal obesity

In 2013, the overweight and obesity rates under the age of 6 were 8.4% and 3.1%, respectively. In 2012, China ≥ 18 -year -old residents had an overweight rate of 30.1%, and the obesity rate was 11.9%. Rural growth is higher than cities. From 2014 to 2018, the early screening and comprehensive intervention projects of high -risk people in China ’s cardiovascular disease high -risk people surveyed the people 2.7 million to 75 years old. The waist circumference ≥ 90 cm) is 36.6%. It is estimated that one of each of the three people across the country has abdominal obesity. Severe depression is one of the risk factors of heart disease, and urban residents are more significant

一项研究分析发现，在基于医院的23项研究中，中国住院冠心病患者抑郁症患病率为51%， 0.5%~25.4%为重度抑郁症;对社区冠心病患者的研究发现，抑郁症The prevalence rate is 34.6%~ 45.8%, and 3.1%to 11.2%is severe depression.

Studies have found that the prevalence of depression in patients with acute myocardial infarction is 21.7%, which is significantly higher than the control group (10.4%). Although the prevalence of depression in China is lower than 51 other countries and regions around the world, the correlation between depression and AMI is higher than other countries. Analysis of 486 541 Chinese residents 30-79 years old found that the prevalence of severe depression is 0.6%. Severial depression is one of the risk factors of heart disease, especially the risk of urban residents is more significant.

The analysis of 3273 patients with depression in 32 hospitals in 32 hospitals in China found that about 31.3%of patients with depression took the first symptom of circulating system disease. Other manifestations include insomnia, gastrointestinal diseases, trunk pain, sensory abnormalities, neurological diseases, decreased sexual desire, and physical pain.

Issue 237 of Workers' Daily Client "Le Health"

Source: Workers Daily Client Workers Daily Reporter Ji Wei