[World Heart Day] Mind infarction is dangerous, how to identify?How to treat it?

【Introduction】

September 29th is the heart day of the world. How much do you know about myocardial infarction? The heart is one of the most important organs of the human body, and heart disease is a killer that threatens human life and health. Acute myocardial infarction is the most critical heart emergency and one of the main causes of sudden heart death of middle -aged and elderly people. Many patients died within a few hours after the onset, and about 1/3 of the patients who did not go to the hospital in time and died in the hospital. Therefore, it is very important to discover and properly discover and properly handle early.

The final alarm of myocardial infarction -angina pectoris, only by understanding the manifestation of angina pectoris can we reduce the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction.

1. Clinical manifestations of angina pectoris

1. Anginary often manifested as pain in the back of the sternum or anterior heart area, and often radiates to the shoulders, upper limbs, neck or spine.

2. angina pectoris also manifested as headache, toothache, pain, pain, abdominal pain.

3. Sometimes it is not necessarily pain. It may also be chest tightness, palpitations, nausea and vomiting, pharyngeal tightening, etc.

4. Anginary each time for 3-5 minutes, it rarely exceeds 10-15 minutes. It is more than activity, tiredness, and cold. After rest, it can be gradually relieved. It can be significantly relieved in about 2 minutes with nitroglycerin.

In clinical work, most patients with myocardial infarction who go to the hospital have angina pectoris before the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction, but these people do not pay attention to or do not know the precursor of myocardial infarction. Acute myocardial infarction. Diseases such as acute myocardial infarction are generally symptoms of severe angina pectoris, such as chest crushing or painfulness, irritability, accelerated heartbeat or irregularity, upper abdominal pain, dizziness, sweating, dyspnea, nausea or vomiting, and pain The duration is generally long, usually more than 20 minutes, and it cannot be relieved after rest and serpentin glycerin. Some patients are too late to have the above symptoms, which are directly manifested as shock or sudden death.

Second, first aid measures for myocardial infarction

1. Stop the activity immediately, rest in bed, keep quiet and emotional, and people around you should not speak loudly, and minimize the patient. Do not let the patient walk to the hospital, such as urgently sending the patient to the hospital, the back, the car drag, the bumps all the way, it is easy to worsen the condition.

2. Immediately take 300 mg of aspirin. If you have chest pain, you can contain nitroglycerin under the tongue (if you have dizziness symptoms, you need to pay attention to blood pressure, do not blindly take it when blood pressure is low), eliminate heartache or quickly save the heart pill. Those with conditions can be possible. Perform oxygen.

3. If there is difficulty breathing and acute left heart failure such as purple maggots, the end of the end, drooping or semi -lying position in both lower limbs should be taken to reduce the blood volume of the heart and reduce the degree of heart failure.

4. Dial 120, contact the hospital and emergency station as soon as possible, and ask the doctor to rescue or send it to the hospital for treatment.

5. Those who stop the breathing stop of the heartbeat should also immediately perform artificial breathing and chest heart compressor.

The best first aid therapy for acute myocardial infarction is to open infarction -related blood vessels as soon as possible, restore the blood irrigation of myocardial muscle as soon as possible. Generally, thrombolysis treatment is required within 30 minutes to reach the hospital, or interventional treatment is started within 90 minutes to save the necrosis of necrosis The myocardial muscle, preventing the infarction from expanding and narrowing the scope of cardioplasm ischemia, protecting and maintaining cardiac function, and timely discovering and treatment of severe arrhythmia, pump failure, and various other complications to prevent sudden death, so that patients can not only survive the acute period. And after rehabilitation, you can maintain as many functional myocytes as possible.

Author: Li Peng

Source: Shenyang Red Cross Hospital

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