Is it good to have high blood pressure but not uncomfortable?The lower the blood pressure value, the lower the better?

Hypertension, known as the "invisible killer", which is known as human health, has poor long -term blood pressure control and will damage important organs such as blood vessels, hearts, kidneys, brains, and eyes.

According to the "Blue Book 2018 of Hypertension Prevention and Control," from 2012-2019, the prevalence of hypertension in my country's adult population has increased year by year, and about one of each three adults has one patient.

In addition to high salt, low fruits and vegetable intake, lack of exercise, smoking, and drinking, we are also found to be closely related to high blood pressure.

So, what is going on with blood pressure in summer and high blood pressure at night? Is the lower blood pressure value better?

Let's talk about blood pressure today ...

Summer blood pressure is lower during the day, and at night?

Research evidence shows that controlling blood pressure can significantly reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

The "Guidelines for Hypertension Prevention and Control" revised in 2018 pointed out that 51.6%of patients in my country knew that they had high blood pressure, 45.8%of patients were treated, and only 16.8%of patients were controlled.

Epidemiological studies have shown that high temperature will increase the hospitalization rate and mortality of patients with high blood pressure. Among them, the elderly are the most obvious group affected by high temperature. Summer is the high incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular incidents in elderly patients, which is significantly higher than spring and autumn, and the incidence is equivalent to winter.

Regardless of individuals or patients with normal age, blood pressure, or hypertension patients, blood pressure can show seasonal changes, that is, the level is low at a higher environmental temperature and higher at low temperatures.

The reason is that this may be due to:

1. In a cold environment, blood vessel contraction and peripheral resistance increased, and in a warm environment, blood vessel dilation and peripheral resistance decreased, which reduced blood pressure;

2. When the weather is hot, the amount of water evaporation of the human body increases and the sweating increases, resulting in the increase in salt loss and the decrease in blood volume, which may further lead to a decrease in summer blood pressure;

3. The reduction of ultraviolet strength in winter is related to the increase in vitamin D reserves and increased secretion of thyroid glandular. The contraction, while the summer is the opposite;

4. It is related to the time of sunlight, which may be mediated by melatonin affecting adrenaline, corticosteroids, and prolactin secretion.

Rear studies have found that the average blood pressure in summer is 3mmHg compared to winter. Especially the elderly may be due to the decline in the temperature adjustment ability of the elderly human body, and it is difficult to regulate physiological compensation after heating. As a result, the blood pressure in summer may occur, and the hypertension medication plan needs to be adjusted.

However, if the drug is stopped by itself, it is likely that the blood pressure rebellion will increase again, causing the vascular damage to increase, and even cause adverse events such as stroke and angina pectoris.

Night blood pressure may be higher than winter. This may be due to the hot summer climate, short day and night, and mosquito invasion, which is prone to poor sleep quality and shortening sleep time, resulting in autonomous nerve disorders and increased blood pressure at night. At this time, inappropriately reducing the drug in summer may cause the attempts to not be controlled at night, increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Therefore, we must carefully adjust the medication under the guidance of a doctor to avoid repeated fluctuations in blood pressure.

Is the blood pressure value, the lower the better?

In fact, the lower the blood pressure value is not as good as possible.

On the one hand, the low blood pressure value causes insufficient blood perfusion of the whole body to cause insufficient blood supply to the cerebral artery, coronary artery, kidney and other important organs. Those with fatigue, fatigue, dizziness, memory loss, chest tightness, severe cases can induce cerebral vascular accidents and angina pectoris , Myocardial infarction, decreased renal function, etc.;

On the other hand, posture hypotension may cause the elderly to fall suddenly after getting up, while the elderly often accompanied by osteoporosis, and often cause fractures after falling.

Therefore, for the elderly, the pressure of lowering blood is stable, and excessive antihypertensive is a harm to important organs such as our hearts, brains, and kidneys.

Many people have hypertension but not uncomfortable. Is it a good thing?

When it comes to high blood pressure, the first reaction is dizziness. In fact, many people have hypertension but have no symptoms. This may be due to the gradual tolerance of the body during the slow rise in blood pressure, or as the age increases with age, the body function is reduced, which is not sensitive to the increase in blood pressure.

Regardless of the asymptomatic, the damage to important organs such as blood vessels, hearts, kidneys, brains, and eyes is continuously existing. Without symptoms, it makes it difficult for us to pay attention to this potential and long -term damage, and even some patients will choose to ignore and not treat them.

Precautions for high blood pressure in summer

Salt

High -salt diet is an important factor in high blood pressure of Chinese people. The World Health Organization recommends that the daily salt volume is not more than 5g/day. According to statistics, the Chinese intake can reach 12 ~ 14g. Therefore, the salt limitation is very necessary.

Family blood pressure monitoring

The easiest way is to measure at home with a blood pressure instrument. Select 3 days and evenings. After 5 minutes of rest, measure blood pressure twice, each time the interval is 1 minute, and the average value is taken. If the differences between the two arms are consistent> 10 mmHg, use a higher blood pressure arm.

Under normal circumstances, home blood pressure ≥135/85 mmHg can be diagnosed as hypertension.

For patients with blood pressure fluctuations in summer, they should adhere to home blood pressure monitoring to observe changes in blood pressure, so as to provide reference and basis for adjusting the treatment plan.

Don't be greedy in summer

The air -conditioning room temperature should avoid too low (the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor temperature is better than 8 ° C), avoiding too much cold drinks and avoiding cold baths.

Cold and heat alternate, "ice and fire two days" can easily lead to severe blood pressure fluctuations.Suddenly entering the cold indoors or over -consumption of cold drinks from the hot outdoor, which leads to rapid contraction of blood vessels, increased blood pressure violently, and prone to cerebral blood accidents such as stroke.

In addition, there are the following precautions:

Patients with hypertension should avoid exercise at high temperatures in summer.

In summer, pay attention to improving the quality of night sleep, and you can also choose to restore your physical strength through lunch break.

Pay attention to hydrating, do not wait for the thirst before drinking water.Because the water evaporates and sweats in summer, the body fluid is reduced, and the blood is thick, and it can be corrected by hydration.

Experts in this article: Zhang Honghong, Department of Cardiovascular, General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, graduate students

Review of this article: Li Yanhui, Cardiac Surgery of Fuwai Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, deputy chief physician

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