Finding "lung nodule" is the precursor of lung cancer?Doctor: This situation should be vigilant →

Wang Sihua explained that lung nodule refers to the foundation of nodule lesions found in CT images, which can be a benign disease, such as lung error tumor, lung infection, tuberculosis ball, etc., and may also be malignant, such as lung cancer and lungs. Transfer cancer, etc. Although lung cancer can be manifested as the lung nodule, only the nature of the nodule lesions is malignant, or the lung cancer that occurs in the lungs, or the cancer in other parts of the body is metastasized to the lungs, and it forms Measured cancer.

"Lung cancer is a disease caused by multiple factors, including internal causes and external causes." Wang Sihua said that internal causes are their own genes, such as patients with tumor family history and chronic obstructive pulmonary patients. The main causes are environmental factors.

How far is lung cancer from us? Professor Wang Sihua listed many familiar celebrities: such as Zhao Lirong, Huang Zhan, Ji Chunhua, Wuma and other stars, all died of lung cancer. About 1.6 million people in the world are diagnosed with lung cancer each year, and their incidence has shown a rapid rise in the world.

According to the "2017 China Tumor Registration Annual Report" released by the National Cancer Center, there are 4.29 million new cancer cases in my country each year, of which the number of lung cancer reaches 800,000. Cancer boss ".

"There are no obvious symptoms in the early days, and it is easy to be ignored. This is an important reason why my country's mortality rate is still high." Professor Wang Sihua said that when the patient's condition develops to a certain degree, cough, blood, chest pain, fever, shortness of breath in sputum, sputum, sputum, chest pain, fever, shortness of breath , Hoarseness and so on. At present, 70%of patients have reached the late stage, and the 5 -year survival rate is only about 15%.

02

Finding lung nodules and grinding glass shadows

Don't panic and "buckle hats" for yourself

With the widespread application of high -precision CT, in addition to the lung nodules that everyone often heard, the term "grinding glass shadow" (GGO) appears frequently in the diagnostic report. Many citizens are worried that the two have been found to have cancer?

Professor Wang Sihua said that the grinding glass shadow is only a CT examination noun, not the final result of a professional doctor. Although lung cancer will have the manifestation of lung nodules and grinding glass shadows, not all the lung nodules and grinding glass shadows are lung cancer. Don't panic to buckle your hat.

Wang Sihua said that 80%-90%of the small nodules discovered by CT are benign lesions, such as lymph nodes, fiber hyperplasia, inflammatory pseudo tumors, etc. This type of lesions grow very slowly and has little impact on the human body. It is recommended to observe regularly; there are a small part of the nodules that belong to pre -cancer or lung cancer. "But it needs to be paid attention to more than 8mm. Once the signs of viciousness are exposed, it must be removed in time."

In the glass shadow, according to statistics, 63%have the performance of early lung cancer, and can further clarify whether it is lung cancer through tissue biopsy. "Tissue biopsy is the only effective means to determine lung cancer."

03

Follow -up observation

It is the most effective and economical way

"Is it impossible for the lung nodule to absorb it by itself? Which lung nodules need to perform surgery?" In the question session, the audience asked at the scene. "Pulmonary nodules may be absorbed by themselves." Wang Sihua replied that after checking the lung nodule, follow -up observation is the most effective and economical way. Generally speaking, the greater the nodule, the higher the danger.

"Not all lung nodules require surgery." Wang Sihua explained that in simple terms, the pathological results are diagnosed with malignant, PET/CT highly suspects malignant, or CT has malignant signs and no distant metastasis can consider surgical treatment.

Surgical treatment depends on the size and imaging characteristics of the lung nodules. For pulmonary nodules that are not completely calcified (generally calcified pulmonary nodules are benign), if the diameter is above 1 cm, surgery may be required. However, there are only two conditions. For lung nodules with less than 1cm and not obvious imaging characteristics, it is recommended that patients continue to observe first. Of course, this observation is not simply dependent time, but to continue to collect patients' medical history, regularly Check and collect more information about nodules.

In short, if the patient's lung nodule is evaluated as a "high -risk state", it is recommended to remove the lung nodules for surgery; otherwise, the surgery can be temporarily considering the surgery for the time being, mainly observing, and how long to observe it depends on the size and trait of the nodule.

04

Physical examination and low dose high resolution thin layer CT

It is the only effective way to discover lung cancer in the early stage

"At present, the cause of the disease of the lung nodules is not clear." Wang Sihua said that through investigations of epidemiology, the increase in the incidence is that the incidence is related to environmental pollution, mental factors, bad living habits, and genetic factors. In addition to rejection, others are avoided, especially smoking, oil fume, tail gas, etc. should be avoided as much as possible.

Many patients with outpatient clinics are very anxious and do not trust the results of the inspection. They frequently travel to and from various hospitals for examinations. "I don't recommend too frequent reviews." Professor Wang Sihua emphasized that CT examinations in the short term (within 1 month) will not increase the information of nodule change, but unnecessary radiation will be added.

In addition, Wang Sihua also mentioned that many patients have encountered many patients in the outpatient clinic: "Once you find lung cancer through follow -up, who should you see?" He believes that the most ideal thing is the Department of Respiratory, oncology, intervention, and intervention, and Kommodians' diagnosis. At present, the multi -disciplinary clinic of Xiehe Hospital's Jinyin Lake Hospital can meet the needs of patients. Patients with lung cancer only make an appointment. At one time, there are multi -disciplinary experts such as thoracic surgery, oncology, interventional department, and respiratory department at the same time. This "specialized" multidisciplinary treatment team has complementary advantages and jointly provides patients with comprehensive diagnosis and treatment services.

Wang Sihua reminded that citizens should pay attention to the screening of lung cancer. Physical examination and low -dose high -resolution thin layer CT are the only effective way to detect lung cancer in the early stage. After 45 years of age, it is recommended to check it once a year. In addition, more than 90%of patients have a history of long -term smoking or passive smoking. He suggested that citizens over 40 years old, especially the history of smoking, family history, history of asbestos and arsenic or radiation occupation, serious air pollution in living environment, long -term in the living environment, long -term in the living environment, long -term in the living environment, long -term in the living environment, long -term in the living environment. People who work in a closed environment, it is best to do low -dose CT per year for early screening.

(Wuhan Aiwei Office, 37 degrees Li 丨 Yangtze Health Merchants Reporter: Wang Kaining Video: Zhao Yiran Photography: Ke Zhigang Drawing: Ma Jingjing

[Edit: Yu Lina]

- END -