[Henan Science Popularization] How to exercise lung function after lung transplantation?

On March 5 this year, at the Henan Provincial People's Hospital, doctors successfully performed a difficult lung transplant surgery for a 77 -year -old male patient. This is the oldest of patients with lung transplantation surgery in the central and western regions. This news has once again attracted the concern of society for lung transplantation.

Age is no longer the absolute taboo of lung transplantation

Lung transplantation, commonly known as "changing the lungs". When a person's lungs have severe lesions, which causes irreversible diseases and diseases, and drug treatment is invalid, it is called end -stage lung disease. At this time, the lung function is severely damaged. The method of lung transplantation removes the lungs of the lesion while replacing the healthy lungs at the same time, thereby restoring the patient's normal breathing.

In 1983, the medical team in Toronto, Canada successfully completed a single lung transplantation of patients with pulmonary fibrosis, and obtained a longer survival period, opening the door to modern lung transplantation.

Pulmonary transplantation requires a multi -disciplinary team in thoracic surgery, respiratory department, anesthesiology, intensive medical department, and rehabilitation department. At present, with the continuous maturity of surgery, the continuous progress of severe medicine, and the gradual improvement of immune drug therapy, lung transplantation surgery has matured.

According to relevant research data, the total operating success rate can reach more than 90%at present, and the survival rate of 3 and 5 years can reach 70%and 60%. With the renewal of anti -reject drugs, there are more and more survivors after lung transplantation.

The Lung Transplant Department of Henan Provincial People's Hospital was established in 2015. It is one of the earliest in China to engage in clinical, scientific research and teaching in China. Medical units of practice qualifications and physician qualifications).

Cases of successful patients with high difficulty lung transplantation for 77 -year -old patients also marked that age should no longer be the absolute taboo of lung transplant surgery.

Beware of complications after lung transplantation

The lung is an organ that the human body is exchanged by the outside world. A series of complications are prone to occur after lung transplantation, including early complications and late complications.

Early complications of lung transplantation mainly include bleeding after surgery, cracking of bronchial anastomosis, etc. These may affect the patient's short -term survival.

The complications of the late pulmonary transplantation mainly have exclusive reactions, including acute rejection and chronic exclusion reactions, and infection, which will affect the patient's long -term survival.

No matter what complication, it will affect the breathing function of the lungs. Therefore, preventing complications is conducive to the smooth recovery of lung function; in turn, timely, scientific lung function rehabilitation exercises are carried out in time, and it is also conducive to preventing various complications.

Six main methods of lung function rehabilitation exercise

Deep breathing exercise: Deep breathing is a combination of chest and abdominal breathing. It can exclude exhaust gas and other metabolites in the lungs, inhale more fresh air, to provide the nutrients required for each organs, improve or improve the function of the organs.

Abdominal respiratory exercise: When the patient is lying flat, keep the body relax naturally, ensure that the chest is not moved when inhaling, and let the abdomen inflatable; the chest is not moving when exhaling sports.

Lip shrinkage breathing exercise: It can also be practiced in daily life to exhale when the lips are closed. When inhaling, you should inhale a small amount of inhalation. It can avoid the collapse of the airway. It can relieve the excessive inflation of the lungs caused by the bronchial spasm or panic.

Active cough and sputum exercise: Patients can try to take the initiative to cough by themselves, and the request is that the movement must be light, the depth must be shallow, and gradually deepen the deepening little by little. Eliminate in vitro.

Active cycle respiratory training: Active cycle of respiratory technology is mainly to achieve the purpose of discharging sputum through a specific "exhalation" action. The effect of cough and exhalation is the same in removing airway secretions, but it is obviously less energy -consuming. In addition, for patients who are paralyzed or weak, the secretions may be cleared from a small airway, but they will gather at the atmosphere, and the exhalation of force may help the clearance of the upper airway secretion.

Incentive lung meter training: Inhalery muscle/exhalation muscle function training device, provides resistance through inhalation/exhalation, try to inhale, intercostal muscle and diaphragm contraction, increase the front and rear and lower diameter of the thoracic Increase the effective gas exchange area, enhance the inhalation/exhalation muscle within the maximum tolerance, increase the lung capacity, and train its muscle strength.

It should be noted that the patient's condition is dangerous before surgery, and various complications are prone to occur after surgery. Therefore, the psychological burden is generally heavy, and the probability of psychological problems increases. , Help it to establish and enhance the confidence of rehabilitation.

(Author: Henan Provincial People's Hospital Gao Peiyu Editor: Yang Hua)

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