The child is anxious when you start school!Facing emotional disorders, experts have something to say

It has arrived in September, and it is the beginning of the school. Recently, parents and children who have come to the Children's Psychological Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital for Children's Psychological Health Research Center are endless. "Starting anxiety", "separation of anxiety", "depression" ... In fact, in recent years, the incidence of emotional disorders in children and adolescents has gradually increased, and it has become the second child psychological disorder after learning issues. The increase in prevalence year by year has also triggered the increasing attention of parents, schools and all walks of life. What are the manifestations of children and adolescents? How to help them? With these issues, Yangzi Evening News/Zi Niu reporter interviewed Zhang Jiuping, deputy chief physician of the Children's Psychological Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital.

【Typical Case One】

The boy is 12 years old every day (pseudonym). He is lively and cheerful at home during the holidays. Everything is normal. You can feel uncomfortable and irritable when you go to school or mention school. Parents send them to school, and they will be called headaches, abnormal nervousness, panic and sweating, and even nausea and vomiting at the school gate. But when the parents who are worried about returning home every day, the uncomfortable feeling can disappear miraculously and return to normal. The above -mentioned symptoms appear.

After this symptom lasts half a year, it is almost impossible to go to school every day. Parents have to choose to take the child to seek medical treatment. You can run through the infection department, immunology department and other departments, and have done various inspections of large and small, and no abnormalities have been seen. At the advice of the doctor, they came to the Children's Psychological Health Research Center for help. Zhang Jiuping introduced that every day's situation belongs to the typical "school horror". Because of the school's related things, such as: school environment, interpersonal relationships in the school, and academic failure, I feel very scared and caused. Even secondary school is absent.

After a clear diagnosis, psychotherapy is given. After combined with drug treatment, the anxiety of every day has been significantly improved, the condition is effectively controlled, and after recovering for a period of time, he successfully returns to the campus.

【Typical Case II】

The 13 -year -old Qingqing (a pseudonym) was just on the first day, but she felt "stressful" when she was just academic. There are ardent expectations from Gao Zhi's parents, and some outstanding students from the same class compare each other. Of course, this pressure also stems from Qingqing's higher requirements for self.

In elementary school, you can stay in the top of the class, and you can enter the junior high school and fall into 30 class. The unwillingness of Qingqing has obvious depression and anxiety. Losses, irritability, poor appetite, poor sleep, and even self -injury in severe cases. Every time I feel unhappy, I use a knife to draw my arm. The seriousness of the problem. In addition to self -injury, Qing Qing often said that she felt tired, and it didn't make any sense to live. "If you talk about me, I won't live!" The radical threatening language made parents painful and worried, but Qingqing did not understand the parents, and it became more and more opposed to parents. It was difficult to communicate and communicated. The above symptoms became heavier.

After more than two months after the symptoms appeared, accompanied by her parents, Qingqing came to the Child Psychological Health Center of the Nanjing Brain Hospital for treatment. After psychological assessment and mental examination, it is reminded that Qingqing has severe depression and moderate anxiety, a decline in self -awareness, and is at a low level. After drug treatment and psychotherapy, non -drug treatment, in order to improve the family environment, coordinate learning tasks, and positive enhancement measures, Qingqing's condition has been effectively improved, and parent -child relationships have continued to improve.

Children's emotional disorders often occur at 10-15 years old

What is emotional disorder of children and adolescents? As the name suggests, it refers to various emotional problems that occur in children under 18 years of age. In ordinary work and life, when stress, a little unhappy, and boring, people often say that they are emo (English emotional short abbreviation, translated into emotional), so as to express their emotional or dissatisfaction. However, Zhang Jiuping first emphasized that the emotional problems of children and adolescents cannot be simple and the "emo" equivalent. Emotional problems belong to the category of mental and psychological diseases.

It is understood that emotional disorders of children and adolescents refer to a set of diseases with symptoms such as anxiety, depression, horror, and compulsory. In addition to being in an abnormal state for a long time, it also seriously affects the children's social, learning and interpersonal functions. However, the cause of emotional disorders is relatively complicated, and it is caused by the interaction of genetic, temperament, neurological mechanism, and nurturing environment.

The reporter learned that in order to facilitate children and family members, help them get more functional recovery, and avoid more serious damage. In August 2022, the Children's Psychological Health Research Center of Nanjing Brain Hospital opened a special "emotional disorder special disease "Outpatient" provides comprehensive intervention services such as diagnosis and evaluation of emotional problems, psychological behavior intervention, and drug treatment for children and adolescents.

"Because of the early onset, children's emotional disorders are more complicated than adults and more diseases." Zhang Jiuping said frankly that common common diseases such as developmental problems, multiple movements, and other mental disorders are It is not difficult to treat children's emotional disorders. "At present, comprehensive intervention measures are taken for the treatment of children's emotional disorders. We advocate the medical model of 'psychological-biological-society'. In addition to treatment, there must be psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavior therapy, family therapy, home environment adjustment, self -adjustment, etc. "The new semester has arrived, and experts support anxiety in this way

In children's emotional disorders, anxiety is a very important and frequent issue. At the beginning, what are the tricks of experts in the face of more or less anxiety that may appear? "We can't deny anxiety." Zhang Jiuping pointed out that in fact, the subject of anxiety should be discussed in fact. In the normal growth and development process, children and teenagers have experienced various emotional states. Reasonable emotional status helps them better adapt to various requirements in the environment, and also shaped their ability to adapt and survive. Proper anxiety can sometimes learn and work efficiency. In fact, it is an effective self -defense mechanism formed in the evolution process. It is normal for everyone to experience anxiety.

But no doubt, excessive anxiety will have some negative effects. Excessive anxiety and fear will reduce their physiological and social functions, which may gradually evolve into a pathological state. Anxiety disorder refers to a pathological anxiety, which is mainly manifested in an excessive reaction to things or scenes that generally do not cause excessive anxiety. The anxiety duration is too long or repeated. Normal emotional response scope, at the same time, seriously affects the social function of patients.

"If a child has excessive anxiety before the start of school, we must help him analyze what the anxiety is for the child, and the corresponding emotions can bring benefits?" Zhang Jiuping said that some children are over -excessive. After emotional fluctuations, parents may get more attention from parents, or reduce others' expectations of themselves, and even buy something that they like, then this is the function of symptoms. "But after excessive anxiety and other emotions may cause the child's entire life rhythm to cause disorders, which seriously affects normal learning and life. At this time, you must find ways to interfere with treatment as soon as possible."

Specifically, how should the anxiety of children just start school be resolved? Zhang Jiuping believes that the most important thing for children is to arrange their own affairs reasonably. "Before the start of school, all summer homework must be completed, and at the same time do a good job of reviewing the past knowledge, and conduct a certain preview. After these tasks are done, you have the bottom of your heart. Scared. "

For parents, it is important to understand the child and find a solution with the child after encountering difficulties in school. "Rather than having time to anxiety, it is better to calm down with parents and children to analyze the ins and outs of this matter. Parents can take various ways to help and guide their children to pass the difficulties." Zhang Jiuping believes that when children really have experienced their own abilities, they have experienced their own abilities. After something, the same similar things will be no longer anxious next time. "This is the accumulation of experience. After accumulation to a certain degree, parents will also find that children should not worry about running alone on the avenue of society."

Zhang Jiuping reminded that parents should not care too much about their children in daily life. "Especially for young children to provide more opportunities for exercise and frustration. To give children frustration education while understanding the difficulties of children and support." In addition, Zhang Jiuping also said It is also very good for cultivating children's health. "The so -called consciousness includes the care, respect, support, and understanding of family members, which is very important for establishing good interpersonal relationships and communication skills."

At the same time, Zhang Jiuping suggested that strengthening the communication and cooperation between parents and school teachers can also provide children with better help and reduce the possibility of "starting school anxiety" and "separation of anxiety". "In short, the emotional problems of children and adolescents involve healthy growth, and they should pay enough attention. Through coordinated efforts in all aspects, in order to create a complete learning living environment and promote the comprehensive development of children and adolescents."

Yangtze Evening News/Zi Niu Journalist Lu Yanlin Tuyuan Visual China

Edit: Qin Xiaoyi

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