Original popular science article: "Magic" new crown vaccine

(He micro) Vaccine refers to biological products made of microorganisms or its metabolites and inoculate in humans or animals to stimulate the immune response of the body's immune system to produce specific immunity.

Vaccine refers to biological products with microorganisms or its metabolites, inocus to humans or animals, and stimulate the immune response of the body's immune system to produce specific immunity.

Since 1796, British doctor Edward Jenner has given a boy with acne for the first time to fight the smallpox, and the vaccine has a history of more than 200 years. In this battle against the new coronary virus COVID-19, my country's vaccine played a pivotal role.

Regarding the vaccine, we have been saying, how do this "old friend" work under the epidemic? Why can it prevent infectious diseases? What is the difference between different types of vaccines? The answer is here.

Why can vaccine prevent infectious diseases?

The reason why the vaccine can work is actually this attributed to our health guards, the human immune system -a magical system with memory function. The immune system has two major functions of external and internal internal. Infection of mycoplasma, fungi, etc., this process becomes body fluid immunity; the principle of the role of vaccine involves the external function of the immune system.

As we all know, vaccine is also a kind of pathogenic, but it is only low to the human body. After the human body is vaccinated, the immune system will produce corresponding antibodies to confront them. I believe that those who have vaccinated vaccines have experienced minor responses such as redness, fever, and local inflammation. Specific antibodies stay in the human body for a long time.

When some people look at the "working principle" of the vaccine, they will feel unspecified. In fact, the reason is really simple, that is, when the vaccine enters the body, take an active vaccine as an example: After the dead virus enters the human body into the human body We will wake up the immune cells in our body. These fire -extinguishing viruses will be very provocative in front of the immune cells, and then tell immune cells extremely arrogantly, remembering "I look like a bad guy, next time Seeing the same virus as me, you want to defeat it. "Immune cells with memory function recorded this pathogenic information. When the human body encountered the same pathogenic original, the corresponding antibody was immediately mobilized To deal with "enemies", and memory immune cells quickly transfer these "enemy" "files", and immediately organize effective defense reactions. As a result, these pathogens were controlled by the human body's defense system before chaos, and the disease was naturally prevented.

How does the new crown vaccine work?

When our body is in contact with the virus in nature for the first time, it takes a certain time to respond. In addition, the virus's own disguise and the function of rapid value -added. Once the immune system cannot be eliminated in time, people will get sick.

The cute new crown vaccine injection is equivalent to doing a practical exercise for the human immune system. He has a new crown, but there is no new crown's poison. At that time, I accidentally encountered an immune cell -dendritic cell. After swallowing the new coronal virus, the dendritic cells produce a memory function, and the appearance of the new coronary virus is handed to T cells with immune cells. At the same time, B cells also see the new coronary virus running into the body, and then T cells It began to kill the cells infected with coronary virus, and the activated B cells also actively produced a large number of antibodies and ran to all parts of the body to eliminate the invasive new coronary virus. This process has caused a large amount of antibodies in our body, and at the same time, it also cultivates a group of B cells and T cells with particularly good memory. It can identify, neutralize or kill the virus, and the immune memory quickly mobilizes the immune system to play a role, so that the virus cannot continue to proliferate in the body, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing diseases and protecting our "cats".

What are the differences between different types of new crown vaccines?

Extinguish vaccine

That is, in daily life, we take two stitches of the vaccine. During the study, the researchers first trained a group of COVID-19 viruses, and then carried out collective activation. After they lost their toxicity and infection ability, they injected them into their bodies into their bodies. Inside, the immune system responded, and the new coronary virus that injected into the body could not be proliferated because of losing activity. This allows the immune system to have enough time to produce antibodies and memory cells. The system will respond quickly to protect the body.

Virus vector vaccine

It is only a vaccine that needs to be injected. The research principle of this type of vaccine is to first find a weak and harmless virus, such as adenovirus, and then transit the genetic material of the new crown virus into the adenovirus body, and then give it to it Do a "sterilization surgery" to make the new crown virus unable to copy.

After the adenovirus vector vaccine is injected into the human body, the adenovirus will produce S protein like a new crown, which stimulates the immune system to react and secretes antibodies to achieve the purpose of protecting our health.

Reorganized protein vaccine

It only needs to inject three stitches vaccines. The research principle of this type of vaccine does not require the entire strain. It only needs a S protein of the new coronary virus. After the vaccine containing a large number of new coronary virus S protein is injected into the human body, it will also stimulate the immune system to produce a large number of antibodies to produce a large number of antibodies.EssenceSource: Ningxia Science and Technology Department Ningxia Science Writers Association

Reprinted: Science Popularization China Net

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