The team of the Cancer Hospital of Fudan University reveals the early diagnosis strategy and direction of the early screening of intestinal cancer

The reporter learned from the Cancer Hospital affiliated to Fudan University that the latest study of Professor Ma Yanlei led the team of the hospital was first revealed for the first time that young intestinal cancer (early hair bowel cancer) and elderly intestinal cancer (early hair gut cancer) who were less than 50 years old (early hair cancer) were less than 50 years old. Steady intestinal cancer), there are significant differences in the transformation of intestinal flora, metabolic spectrum, and bacterial enzyme genetic spectrum. Based on the development and diagnostic model of the "bacterial-metabolites-bacterial enzyme gene combination" logo, it is expected to achieve early screening and precise testing of high-risk population and patients such as intestinal cancer through feces in the future. The transformation and application of clinical front lines.

In order to understand the pathogenesis of intestinal cancer in the intestinal cancer, it provided a new perspective and direction for exploring early screening and early diagnosis of intestinal cancer suitable for young people. Related research results have recently been published online in the famous international journal Gut magazine in the world -renowned gastrointestinal field.

Colorectal cancer is the most common digestive tract malignant tumor, and it is generally an elderly disease that the public generally believes. In recent years, intestinal cancer has shown a significant trend. According to the US Cancer Center, according to this trend, the incidence of intestinal cancer will double in the next 15 years, and 20%of bowel cancer will occur at people under the age of 50.

It is reported that community colorectal cancer screening was first included in the Shanghai Public Health Service Project for the first time in 2013, mainly for the elderly. The intestinal cancer of young people has been discovered early. Generally, the defecation habits, blood, diarrhea, diarrhea, diarrhea and constipation alternate, local abdominal pain symptoms, often missed the best early diagnosis "window period".

"Although colonoscopy is the effective 'sharp weapon' of bowel cancer, the widely used colonoscopy in the young people may not be higher than the risk." Ma Yanlei introduced that the absolute prevalence of colorectal cancer in the age of 20 to 34 is only It accounts for 1%of the overall prevalence of colorectal cancer. In the age group of 35-49 years, the prevalence of colorectal cancer is only 6.8%. Therefore, exploring and developing better risk prediction tools to help identify such high -risk youth intestinal cancer patients and establish a better screening strategy, which has become the focus of the current clinical diagnosis of intestinal cancer.

The intestinal microbial group is an important micro -environment that is related to the health of the human intestinal tract. At present, many studies have confirmed that intestinal micro -ecological disorders are the key environmental factors of colorectal cancer and development, and the intestinal microbes of the elderly are significantly different from young people. Is there a diagnostic and characteristic disease spectrum and metabolic spectrum in the body of young bowel cancer? Is these flora and metabolites an important pathogenic factor that induce intestinal cancer? Professor Ma Yanlei led the team for four years to compare 549 Chinese youth intestinal cancer, elderly bowel cancer, and age matching health groups. Identify youth intestinal cancer.

For the first time, the research team depicts the intestinal fungus and metabolic spectral spectrum of intestinal cancer patients in China for the first time through large sample queues. Studies have found that the intestinal flora in patients with intestinal cancer has severe disorders, and the diversity of manure microorganisms has decreased significantly. In terms of group spectrum and metabolic spectrum, young intestinal cancer is also significantly different from elderly bowel cancer.

Among them, multi -group characteristics of young intestinal cancer are mainly manifested in the enrichment of pathogenic bacteria Flavonifractor Plautii, red -meat diet -related bacteria, and increased metabolism of chromine, bile acid and choline; The reaction pathway of metabolites and bacterial choline metabolic enzymes may be the potential intervention target for young bowel cancer. On the other hand, the characteristics of elderly intestinal cancer are manifested in the enrichment of nucleus, excessive consumption of short -chain fatty acids, and acetic acid/acetaldehyde metabolism to a metabolic transformation of acetyl Acidin A. The research team has established a random forest classifier model to evaluate multi -group label classification capabilities for intestinal cancer. The results were confirmed that the prediction model of the macro -based group, metabolic group, and bacterial enzyme genes has a strong potential to distinguish between young bowel cancer and healthy people. In the future, the early screening of bowel cancer can be used for young people.

Based on the achievements of young intestinal cancer intestinal flora spectrum and multiple groups of academic characteristics, Ma Yanlei made a health reminder for young people to prevent intestinal cancer: change the habit of bad diet, increase the intake of dietary fiber and vitamins, appropriately increase physical exercise and maintain joy Feeling. You can eat more fresh vegetables and fruits in daily; in addition, for young people with abdominal discomfort symptoms or bowel habits and shape changes, it is recommended to go to the hospital in time and actively conduct bowel cancer screening in early discovery of bowel cancer or pre -cancer lesions. It plays an early diagnosis and early treatment and prevention. (Guangming Daily All Media Reporter Yan Weiqi Correspondent Zhong Xuan)

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