How close is the relationship between lung cancer and smoking?

When it comes to lung cancer, I believe everyone is no stranger. Lung cancer is the greatest malignant tumor that harms human health and life. Teacher Zhao Lirong, who brought us infinite joy in the Spring Festival Gala, Teacher Wen Xingyu of "I Love My Family", and Huang Zhan, who "laughs in the sea", all left us because of lung cancer. But why do you get lung cancer? How close is the relationship between lung cancer and tobacco?

1. What is lung cancer?

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor that originated from the bronchial mucosal or gland of the pulmonary bronchial mucosa. Due to the huge number of smokers, the increasing environmental pollution, the development of the industrial and the aging of the population, the incidence and mortality rate of lung cancer have increased significantly in recent years. Essence Globally, the incidence and mortality rate of male lung cancer ranks first in all malignant tumors, the incidence of women is second, and the mortality rate ranks first. According to the information provided by the National Tumor Prevention Office of the Ministry of Health, the incidence of lung cancer in my country is currently increased by 26.9 % per year. If effective control measures are not taken in time, it is expected that by 2025, the patients with lung cancer in my country will reach 1 million, presented to the world's largest lung cancer country. Essence

2. Why do you get lung cancer?

The pathogenesis of lung cancer is complicated, and it is still not completely clear. However, it is certain that lung cancer is a process of multiple factors and multiple steps. A variety of factors such as unhealthy lifestyle, bad environment, and genetic susceptibility are eventually leading to lung cancer. For example, we have cancer seeds in our body. Whether this seed can grow depends on whether the soil is "fertile". So if we can destroy these factors that make the soil "fertile", the risk of lung cancer will be greatly reduced.

Third, who is easy to get lung cancer?

There are many incentives for lung cancer, the most clear of which is the long -term smoking. Smoking for more than 20 years and more than 20 per day. The probability of lung cancer is 10-20 times higher than ordinary people. The younger the age of smoking, the higher the chance of lung cancer. Why is the probability of old smokers suffering from lung cancer so high? There are more than 7,000 kinds of chemicals in tobacco, of which multi -chain aromatherapy compounds and nitrosamine have strong carcinogenic activity. Multinational aromatherapy compounds and nitrosamine can cause DNA damage to bronchial epithelial cells through multiple mechanisms, cause cancer gene activation and cancer suppression genes, and cause cell cancer.

And do you know, even if you do n’t smoke, even if no one in the room smokes, you may still be in contact with second -hand cigarettes and three -handed smoke. The World Health Organization pointed out that a large amount of carcinogens produced toburning can damage bronchial mucosal epithelial cells. Inhalation of second -hand cigarettes, the risk of lung cancer will increase by 30%. The longer the exposure to the second -hand cigarette, the greater the inhaling concentration, and the greater the risk of lung cancer. The indoor environment PM2.5 mainly comes from tobacco tobacco. Compared with the outdoor environment, PM2.5 is not easy to detect and harmful. Therefore, the prevalence of lung cancer in passive smokers will also increase significantly. The three -hand smoke residue can exist for several days, weeks or even months. Over time, the three -hand cigarette will be released to the air, oxidizing reactions, and even more toxic secondary pollutants.

Fourth, can lung cancer prevent it?

Lung cancer can be prevented. Studies have shown that the incidence and mortality of lung cancer will decrease significantly by smoking and protecting the environment. The prevention of lung cancer is divided into three levels of prevention. First -level prevention is the cause of the cause, and smoking quitting is an important measure; secondary prevention is the screening of lung cancer and early diagnosis. It is an important measure for low -dose spiral CT screening for high -risk people; Recurrence and progress. Tobacco control and smoke -free environment can significantly reduce the incidence of lung cancer. The more early smoking, the more obvious the incidence of lung cancer. Therefore, quitting smoking is the most effective and convenient way to prevent lung cancer. The exposure doses such as air pollution, sedimentation index, smoke index, and benzene meal are positively correlated with lung cancer. It is also an important measure to reduce the incidence of lung cancer in the incidence of lung cancer.

(Popular Science Hunan special correspondent: Wang Hongyan Zhang Lemon, Health Education Propaganda Center, Hunan Province)

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