my country accounts for nearly half of the global esophageal cancer cases, and these high -risk factors are paying attention!

The incidence of esophageal cancer is relatively high in my country. According to the World Health Organization data, in 2020, there were 324,000 new cases of esophageal cancer in my country and 301,000 cases of death, which accounted for 53.70%and 55.35%of global esophageal cancer and death.

Early symptoms of esophageal cancer are not obvious. Most patients are often in the middle and late stages during diagnosis, resulting in generally low survival rates. Therefore, early detection, early diagnosis, and early intervention are effective means to improve the status of esophageal cancer in my country.

You must know the high risk factors of these esophageal cancer

Esophageal cancer is a tumor with close food relationship. Professor Xiong Jianping, the chief expert of the Cancer Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, said that my country is one of the countries with the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world, and it is usually manifested as the esophageal and the middle scale of the scale. relation.

1. Eat too hot

"Eating while hot" is a big dietary feature of many people. A study published in the Magazine of the International Cancer Research Agency (IARC) in the "Liuye Knife · Oncology" in June 2016 showed that drinking hot drinks above 65 ° C will increase the risk of esophageal cancer.

2. Eat pickled food

Most of the salted fish, sausage, sauerkraut, bean sauce, pickled radish and other pickled foods contain nitrate and nitrite, which is an important factor in esophageal cancer.

3. Do not avoid tobacco and alcohol

Smoking and drinking are the two factors that increase the risk of esophageal cancer. The "Specification of esophageal cancer diagnosis and treatment (2018)" mentioned that the incidence of smokers increased by 3 to 8 times for esophageal squamous carcinoma, while drinkers increased by 7-50 times.

4. Eat too rough

The food is too hard or chewed. Rough food can damage the esophageal mucosa. In the long run, repeated "mucous membrane injuries → repair → re -damage → renovation" may also lead to pre -cancer lesions of esophageal cancer.

5. Family genetic history

If there is a family history of gastrointestinal tumors such as esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and bowel cancer, other members of the family are more likely to suffer from esophageal cancer than ordinary people.

To prevent esophageal cancer, Professor Xiang Xiaojun, deputy director of the Cancer Medical Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, reminded that in addition to avoiding the above high -risk factors, we must also maintain a healthy lifestyle, exercise appropriately, maintain a comfortable mood, have possession Full rest, reduce mental stress, etc.

How to discover early esophageal cancer

"The most important thing is early diagnosis to increase the survival rate of cancer. This is important for the treatment and prognosis of patients, so everyone should pay special attention to their own health." Professor Xiong Jianping said that although the early symptoms of esophageal cancer are not obvious, they will still be still if they are still without obvious, but they will still be still. There are mild symptoms, especially those with high risk factors. Once they eat, they have a feeling of eating, and they are accompanied by symptoms such as chest pain, chest tightness, and chest discomfort. This symptoms continue for a long time, and they must attract great attention. When the symptoms are obvious, most of them have progressed in the middle and late stages, and they have lost the opportunity to surgery. The patient's quality of life is poor and the survival period is short.

Two experts remind that if the body occurs, the above symptoms must be alert to the occurrence of early esophageal cancer, to do gastroscopy, and generally can be diagnosed through gastroscopy. If the lower esophageal cancer is diagnosed and there is no lymph node metastasis, it is basically a chance to cure. The cure rate of early esophageal cancer is very high.

At the same time, for high -risk people in esophageal cancer, regular screening must be screened. According to the 2022 version of the 2022 "Frequently Ascended malignant tumor screening and prevention recommendation" released by the Shanghai Anti -Cancer Association and Fudan University Affiliated Cancer Hospital in April 2022, the high -risk population of esophageal cancer every two years of ordinary endoscopic examination; endoscopic examination pathology Prompt mild hyperplasia, once a year endoscopic examination; endoscopic pathological prompt moderate hyperplasia, endoscopic examination once every six months.

Immunotherapy brings more benefits to patients with esophageal cancer

"At present, the treatment of esophageal cancer will formulate treatment plans according to different pathological stages of patients." Professor Xiang Xiaojun said that patients who can surgery in early stage can pass endoscope surgery; patients in the middle and late stages often need comprehensive treatment and according to the patient's condition , Physical condition, age, etc. Choose the treatment plan. For example, patients who can surgery can perform local chemotherapy and then perform surgery. Patients who cannot surgery can first drug treatment for chemotherapy.

About 70%of Chinese esophageal cancer patients were in the middle and late stages, and they lost the opportunity to remove the treatment of cure surgery. Therefore, the treatment of patients in the middle and late period has always been the focus of research. Professor Xiang Xiaojun said that for patients who have entered advanced periods, or some patients who have been diagnosed as an unable to surgery during the first diagnosis, the clinical efficacy of the new model of immunotherapy combined chemotherapy is better than single drug chemotherapy.

"Due to the superior curative effect brought by immunotherapy, in clinical practice, the therapy is widely used in various areas of esophageal cancer treatment." Professor Xiong Jianping said, "Patients who cannot surgery can choose immunotherapy combined chemotherapy. Patients with surgery can also explore immunotherapy as auxiliary treatment schemes for perioperative surgery. In addition, even advanced patients with second -line patients can benefit from immunotherapy. As the application of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer treatment is becoming more and more extensive, from it, from it More and more patients have benefited. "

Two experts shared the treatment experience of a 60 -year -old esophageal cancer patient. After the patient was diagnosed with gastroscopy in the county hospital, he came to Professor Xiong to seek medical treatment. Because the medical treatment is relatively timely, at the first diagnosis, the patient's overall condition is good, and there is no swallow obstruction and thin body, but there is a slight pain.

Although there are no obvious symptoms of discomfort, after examination, the patient's lesions have a large range of lesions. There are about more than ten centimeters long lesions from the esophagus neck to the chest segment. The staging is already in the III stage, and this situation cannot be surgery. After comprehensive consideration of the patient's own situation and the corresponding clinical research results, the diagnosis and treatment group proposed immunotherapy plans to patients, and used Paborizumab combined with chemotherapy. Based considerations include: 1. The patient's own physical condition is better, and high requirements for the treatment of treatment;

2. The value of immunotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer has been clear, including related clinical studies such as Keynote-181 and other PD-1 monoclonal antibodies all prove the superior effect of immunotherapy in clinical clinic of esophageal cancer.

After receiving immunotherapy combined chemotherapy, patients have a very good clinical effect. After receiving two courses of treatment, the tumor has a significant retreat; after six courses, CT and gastroscopy show that the patient's lesion is close to completely alleviating (CR). Subsequently, the patient received synchronous chemotherapy and subsequent immunization maintenance treatment.

Professor Xiong Jianping said, "The results of clinical research data and clinical practice have proved that the benefit of the treatment plan we recommend to patients at that time was very obvious. At present, the life of this patient is the same as normal people, and now it is not smoking or drinking. The state before illness is better, the weight gains, and the health is healthier. "

In recent years, immunotherapy as an innovative treatment method has achieved good results in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors. At present, immunotherapy has been approved in my country and second -line treatment. In June 2020, with the world's first advanced esophageal cancer immunotherapy, the clinical data of the second-line immunotherapy of the esophageal cancer, the clinical data of the Phasein-181 clinical data, Paborzab's approved PD-1 expression positive (comprehensive positive positive Patients with the failure of first -line systemic treatment, local advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients with previous first -line systemic treatment. In 2021, Paborzab is approved in China for combined with platinum and fluoropromoline chemotherapy drugs for the first -line treatment of patients with cancer patients or gastroesophageal ducts in the advanced stage of local advanced stages.

Professor Xiong Jianping also pointed out that after immune therapy entered the field of esophageal cancer, the treatment pattern of esophageal cancer was changed. In addition, the application of immunotherapy in esophageal cancer is increasingly emphasizing the concept of precision. This is because a series of clinical studies have confirmed that PD-1 expression positive (CPS ≥ 10) crowd is based on Paborzabi Mipide. The advantages of the represented immunotherapy drugs have a better chance to maximize the survival. Therefore, it is also recommended that patients with conditions can detect relevant indicators.

Source: Health Times

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