People with piaotic care are particular about daily care. The following methods can help you

Pneumoconiosis is the highest incidence of career in my country. Pneumoconiosis causes the pulmonary tissue to perform sexual fibrosis due to long -term inhalation of dust and accumulate in the lungs. The condition can be severely damaged in the development of the lungs. Essence Because of its large number and concentration, the high mortality rate has become the characteristic of pneumoconiosis group, which has attracted social attention.

Coal porentia has increased in recent years. By the end of 2021, the pneumoconiosis of our city has exceeded more than 3,000 patients. Wugang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital has been centered as a fixed -point pneumonia. After clinical observation in recent years To a certain extent, drug treatment can only relieve the symptoms of patients with pneumoconiosis, effectively cure, and seriously threatens the life and health of migrant workers.

Pulmonary rehabilitation care is the basic situation of patients with pneumoconiosis patients, understand the physiological and psychological situation of patients, formulate an individualized rehabilitation plan based on the patient's different condition and cultural level and understanding ability, and supervise the completion of the supervision.

Provide a series of services such as respiratory training, acupuncture applied, cough and sputum training, family oxygen therapy, nutritional intervention, health education, psychological support and follow -up after discharge, to meet individualized needs Essence

1. Breathing training

Respiratory training is mainly to teach patients to conduct correct abdominal and lip -reducing breathing, master the training methods of respiratory exercise, supervise them to conduct independent training, train twice a day, 15 minutes each time.

1. Rehabilize lip breathing; guide the patient to close his mouth, instruct him to breathe through the nose, screen gas, and at the same time shrink the lips into a whistle, so that the gas is slowly exhaled through the narrow mouth shape. And abdomen, slowly exhale the gas.

2. Abdominal respiratory, guide the patient in the early stage of training to be in the supine or sitting position, guide him to half -knee, and instruct them to relax all over the body, and separate the two hands on the upper abdomen and the front chest to guide the patient to slowly use their noses with their noses. Inhale, the abdomen swells, and the screen gas, let the patient feel the state at this time, and then ask him to exhale the gas with his mouth, so repeatedly practice.

3. Exercise of breathing exercise, you must relax the whole body when doing breathing exercises.

1) First hold your fists in your hands, then the elbow is flexed and extended, choose to inhale when you flex, and exhale 3-6 times in depth.

2) Relax of the body and take a deep breath 3-6 times.

3) Stretch your arms and start inhaling, and exhale 3-6 times when you hold your chest.

4) You can alternate your knees alternately, and then exhale, and inhale 3-6 times when you stretch.

5) Select the seat, and then hold a single knee inhaling with both hands, and choose to exhale when pressing the chest.

6) The two fingers are put on the shoulder on the same side at the same time, then rotate left and right on the upper body, and inhale when rotating at the same time, and exhale 3-6 times when returning to the original state.

This is repeated, step -by -step, persistent, and the amount of exercise varies from person to person, and gradually increases, which does not cause obvious fatigue.

2. Acupoint Pastening

Acupoint application is a method of applying the medicine into powder with ginger juice and creamy paste to some specific acupoints, and directly stimulates the disease through the drug and acupoint to treat the disease. Acupoint stickers have both acupoint stimulation effects, and can also play a significant pharmacological effect through the absorption of the effective ingredients of the drug through the skin tissue.

Patients with pneumoconiosis have been damaged due to long -term drug treatment, spleen and stomach function, and they have a certain degree of fear of medication. Acupoint application is a traditional Chinese medicine foreign governance method. It is a safe and unpopular administration method. On the one hand, the medicine is absorbed by the skin, does not directly pass the liver, and does not pass the digestive tract. Destroy the drug ingredients, so that the drug maintains more effective ingredients and can better play the treatment role;

On the other hand, it also avoided side effects to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to stimulate the gastrointestinal tract. Acupuncture applied drugs include white mustard, asarum, Yanhu Mo, etc. The acupoints are generally taken to take the lungs, stables, Zusanli, and acupoints such as 膻, Tiandu, and Dazhui. Cashmere cough can be cough and asthma, pass through the lungs, can regulate the gas machine, the spleen and stomach of the foot, the spleen and stomach.

Pay attention to the skin condition when applying acupoints. The application time should not be too long. Generally, it should be applied for 3-4 hours.

3. Cough and sputum training

Guide patients to perform effective cough and sputum. Patients take a sitting position, lean forward with a slightly forward body, relax on both shoulders, bent, and pillows with both hands, help the diaphragm's rising, take several deep and slow abdominal breathing, exhale the last screen qi, then shrink the lip, slowly pass the mouth as possible through the mouth as possible as possible as possible. Exhale, take a deep breath for 3-5 seconds, take two to three short and powerful coughs from the chest cavity, cough out the sputum, shrink the abdominal muscles during coughing, or press the upper abdomen with your own hand to help the cough, or the patient takes it. When lying on your knees, you can use diaphragm and abdominal muscle contraction to increase negative pressure to effectively cough out sputum. Drink plenty of water at the same time to keep the airway moist, which is conducive to sputum.

Fourth, nutrition intervention

Pneumonia patients with severe diseases or repeated lung infections are often accompanied by malnutrition, malnutrition can reduce the function of pulmonary vitality, and cause more respiratory muscle fatigue. Therefore, patients should pay attention to nutritional balance, physical and mental conditioning, improve lifestyle, moderate nutrition and moderate sports activities, which will help improve the body's resistance and improve lung function. Dietary guidance of patients with pneumoconiosis follows high protein and high cellulose, high cellulose, high cellulose , Low -salt and low -carbohydrate dietary principles, it is recommended to eat more foods rich in cellulose and supplement a variety of vitamins and trace elements to ensure that the body needs and enhance physical fitness. Eat more pears, honey, and coriander, which can play a effect of reducing phlegm and relieve cough and lung maintenance. Patients with pneumoconiosis need to pay attention to smoking and alcohol, avoid spicy food, avoid tiredness or pressure, and improve the body's immunity.

Five, home oxygen therapy

Long -term oxygen therapy can improve the oxygen pressure in the alveolar, reduce the pressure of the pulmonary arteries, improve the patient's respiratory muscle hypoxia, relieve dyspnea, increase exercise pressure, increase the quality of survival of patients, delay the occurrence of complications. Patients with respiratory failure insist on daily daily Oxygen therapy, oxygen-absorbing time is more than 15h per day, the oxygen concentration is less than 35%, and the oxygen flow is 1-2L/min to correct chronic hypoxia, reduce patients' acute seizures and repeated hospitalizations, and prolong patient life. When oxygen therapy, pay attention to keeping the wetting of oxygen and reducing dry oxygen stimulation to stimulate the respiratory tract.

6. Health Memorial

During the treatment of lung rehabilitation, health education should be actively carried out, psychological guidance and behavioral intervention should be carried out to deepen the patient's understanding and understanding of their own diseases.

The pneumoconiosis patient has a long course of disease, recurring symptoms of shortness of breath, asthma, and shortness of breath, delay, and exerting sexual aggravation, which seriously affects the patient's labor ability and quality of survival, making patients prone to psychological problems such as pessimism, anxiety, depression, disappointment, etc. Nurses should give psychological guidance according to different individuals, timely grant pneumonia prevention and treatment of knowledge, provide psychological care, eliminate patients' anxiety and tension, establish confidence in defeating diseases, and improve the compliance of treatment.

In the care of pneumoconiosis patients, due to the fibrosis of the lung fiber, the decreased lung function, and the decline in the body's resistance, the respiratory tract infection is easy to aggravate the condition. After clinical observation, the implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation can significantly delay the degree of lung function damage, the maximum extent Improve the quality of survival of patients. The number of repeated hospitalizations of patients has been reduced, the patient's economic pressure is reduced, the patient's health behavior and daily life have been improved, there is no side effects of safety, and clinically worthy of promotion and application.

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Hunan Medical Chat Special Author: Li Yeping, Wugang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital

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